GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
(from Geological Soc. of America Map and Chart Series MC-50)
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Period Epoch Age Ma
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CENOZOIC:
0
Quaternary Holocene
0.01
Pleistocene Calabrian
1.0
Tertiary (Neogene) Pliocene (Late) Piacenzian
3.4
Pliocene (Early) Zanclean
5.3
Miocene (Late) Messinian
6.5
Tortonian
11.2
Miocene (Middle) Serravallian
15.1
Langhian
16.6
Miocene (Early) Burdigalian
21.8
Aquitanian
23.7
Tertiary (Paleogene) Oligocene (Late) Chattian
30.0
Oligocene (Early) Rupelian
36.6
Eocene (Late) Priabonian
40.0
Eocene (Middle) Bartonian
43.6
Lutetian
52.0
Eocene (Early) Ypresian
57.8
Paleocene (Late) Selandian (Thanetian)
60.6
Selandian (Unnamed)
63.6
Paleocene (Early) Danian
66.4
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Period Epoch Age Ma
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MESOZOIC:
Cretaceous Late Maastrichtian
74.5
Campanian
84.0
Santonian
87.5
Coniacian
88.5
Turonian
91.0
Cenomanian
97.5
Early Albian
113.0
Aptian
119.0
(Neocomian) Barremian
124.0
Hauterivian
131.0
Valanginian
138.0
Berriasiam
144.0
Jurassic Late Tithonian
152.0
Kimmeridgian
156.0
Oxfordian
163.0
Middle Callovian
169.0
Bathonian
176.0
Bajocian
183.0
Aalenian
187.0
Early Toarcian
193.0
Pliensbachian
198.0
Sinemurian
204.0
Hettangian
208.0
Triassic Late Norian
225.0
Carnian
230.0
Middle Ladinian
235.0
Anisian
240.0
Early Scythian
245.0
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Period Epoch Age Ma
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PALEOZOIC:
Permian Late Tatarian
253.0
Kazanian/Ufimian
258.0
Early Kunqurian
263.0
Artinskian
268.0
Sakmarian/Asselian
286.0
Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Late Gzelian/Kasimovian
295.0
Moscovian
310.0
Bashkirian
320.0
(Mississippian) Early Serpukhovian
333.0
Visean
352.0
Tournaisian
360.0
Devonian Late Famennian
367.0
Frasnian
374.0
Middle Givetian
380.0
Eifelian
387.0
Early Emsian
394.0
Siegenian
401.0
Gedinnian
408.0
Silurian Late Pridolian
414.0
Ludlovian
421.0
Early Wenlockian
428.0
Llandoverian
438.0
Ordovician Late Ashgillian
448.0
Caradocian
458.0
Middle Llandeilan
468.0
Llanvirnian
478.0
Early Arenigian
488.0
Tremadocian
505.0
Cambrian Late Trempealeauan/
Franconian/Dresbachian
523.0
Middle
540.0
Early
570.0
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Period Epoch Age Ma
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PRECAMBRIAN:
Proterozoic Late
900.0
Middle
1800.0
Early
2500.0
Archean Late
3000.0
Middle
3400.0
Early
3800.0?