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Author = "Valentine, James W."
Title = "Evolutionary Paleoecology of the Marine Biosphere"
Publisher = "Prentice-Hall, Inc."
Year = "1973"
Pages = "511"
LOC = "QE 720 V34"
ISBN = "0-13-293720-4"
Table of contents:
1. The discipline of paleoecology 1,
2. Fundamental evolutionary principles and processes 17,
3. The ecological architecture of life 57,
4. Major features of the marine environment 90,
5. The mode of life and functional range of fossil organisms 147,
6. Ecological functions of populations and their evolution 226,
7. Community ecology and evolution 269,
8. The provincial level 337,
9. The biosphere level 373,
10. An approach to the ecological history of the marine
biosphere 409,
References 472,
Index 499" }
Author = "van Andel, Tjeerd"
Title = "Tales of an Old Ocean"
Publisher = "Stanford Alumni Association, Stanford, CA"
Year = "1977"
Pages = "164"
LOC = "77-73185"
Table of contents:
Introduction - Quest for the mysteries of the sea 1,
0.1 A brief history of oceanography 2,
0.2 The state of ocean science today 8,
1. No vestige of a beginning, no prospect of an end 13,
1.1 Some puzzles and paradoxes 15,
1.2 Crucial new observations 16,
1.3 The concept of plate tectonics 20,
1.4 Consequences of plate tectonics 23,
1.5 The geological revolution 27,
2. The changing face of the sea dimly observed 31,
2.1 Reconstruction of old oceans 32,
2.2 Shifting shorelines 35,
2.3 The currents of the sea 38,
2.4 A short history of the ocean circulation 40,
2.5 The deep waters of the oceans 43,
2.6 Bottom water, calcium carbonate, and life 45,
2.7 Origin of the deep circulation in the oceans 46,
2.8 The remote past and the near future of the snow limit 49,
2.9 The origin of seawater and its constancy in time 51,
3. Watch the swirl of life in the water 55,
3.1 Food from the sea 57,
3.2 Can we increase the world's food supply? 59,
3.3 Oceanic circulation mirrored in marine life 63,
3.4 Catastrophic changes in marine life 67,
4. In grandfather's time you could skate every winter 75,
4.1 Climate and the oceans 77,
4.2 Climatic history of the distant past 81,
4.3 The last glacial episode 83,
4.4 Climate and history 85,
4.5 What is a significant climate change? 89,
4.6 Present and future climates: Controversy and confusion 93,
5. The salty sea goes up and down 101,
5.1 The changing level of the sea 102,
5.2 Sea level during the past 5,000 years 107,
5.3 Salt, man and society 111,
5.4 Salt economy and sea level 115,
6. Perils of the treasure hunt 119,
6.1 A plethora of nonliving resources 121,
6.2 Sea brines and geostills 125,
6.3 Harvesting the manganese nodule 129,
6.4 Who owns the sea? 134,
7. Attending marvels 143,
Reader's guide 161 " }
Author = "Van Dervoort, J. W."
Title = "The Water World or, The Ocean, Its Laws,
Currents, Tides, Wind-Waves, Phenomena, Mechanical Applainces,
Animal and Vegetable Life"
Publisher = "Union Publishing House"
Year = "1883"
Pages = "480"
Table of contents:
1. The ocean - its laws and elements 2. The frozen ocean 3. Icebergs 4. Life in the ocean 5. Minute animal life 6. Coral - the rock builders 7. Pearls 8. Sponges 9. Seals 10. The monarch of the ocean 11. The whale fishery and its perils 12. The pirate of the ocean 13. Sea-horses and narwahls 14. The floating navigators of the ocean 15. Modes of fishing in various countries 16. Odds and ends about fishes 17. Shells 18. Sea birds 19. Superstitions connected with the ocean 20. Marine prodigies 21. Monsters of the deep - sea dragons 22. Submarine scenery - animal and vegetables 23. The red of the ocean, deep sea soundings 24. Phenomena of the ocean 25. Ocean steamships 26. The signal service 27. The life-saving service 28. Lighthouses and beacons
Author = "Von Arx, William S."
Title = "An Introduction to Physical Oceanography"
Publisher = "Addison-Wesley Publ. Co."
Year = "1962"
Pages = "422"
LOC = "61-5026"
Table of contents:
1. Early explorations and ideas 3,
2. On geological and astronomical backgrounds 19,
a. The geometry of the oceans 19,
b. The age of the oceans 24,
c. The origins of sea water 25,
d. Stability of the ocean basins 27,
e. Fluctuations of sea level 32,
f. Rigidity of the earth 33,
g. Figure of the earth 36,
h. Motions of the earth 38,
3. Tides and other waves 45,
a. The differential force of attraction 46,
b. The equilibrium tide 49,
c. The pendulum day 53,
d. Particle motions in simple waves 54,
e. The Kelvin wave 55,
f. Embayment tides 56,
g. Prediction of the real tide 58,
h. The tidal bore 61,
i. The tsunami 62,
j. Wave concepts 63,
k. Nontidal waves 64,
l. Refraction 74,
m. Diffraction 74,
n. Internal waves 76,
4. Fluid mechanics 80,
a. Pressure 80,
b. Continuity 83,
c. Inertial space 84,
d. The Coriolis force 86,
e. Pressure gradient forces 89,
f. Equation of motion 89,
g. Euler's expansion 93,
h. The steady state 93,
i. Geostrophic motion 95,
j. Margules' equation 97,
k. Meander motion 98,
l. Inertial motion 101,
m. Cyclostrophic motion 104,
n. Vorticity 105,
o. The vorticity equation 107,
p. Frictional effects 111,
q. Ekman spiral 113,
5. Characteristics of sea water 118,
a. Density 118,
b. Salinity 120,
c. Temperature-salinity diagram 125,
d. Adiabatic effects 128,
e. Stratification 130,
f. Heat capacity 133,
g. Penetration of visible light 134,
6. Advective processes 140,
a. Energy units 140,
b. Insolation 141,
c. Greenhouse effect 144,
d. Heat distribution 146,
e. Heat transport 148,
f. Structure of the atmosphere 150,
g. The planetary wind field 152,
h. Coupling 154,
i. The wind-driven circulation 165,
j. Ekman model ofthe barotropoic ocean circulation 165,
k. Iselin's concept of the North Atlantic circulation 167,
l. Torque of the surface winds 169,
m. Vorticity theory of the wind-driven circulation 170,
n. The observed circulation 172,
o. Equatorial currents 176,
7. Convective processes 180,
a. Ocean climates 180,
b. Heat budget of the oceans 184,
c. Flux of sensible heat 185,
d. Oceanic radiation 187,
e. Evaporation 187,
f. Conditioning of the surface water 190,
g. Lamination of water masses 190,
h. Climatic overturning 201,
i. Thermohaline motions 203,
8. Current measurements by direct methods 213,
a. Units of measurement 214,
b. Eulerian methods 217,
c. Langrangian methods 223,
d. Position 231,
e. Synoptic charts 233,
9. Current measurements by indirect methods 244,
a. The geostrophic method 245,
b. The electromagnetic method 260,
c. Combined uses of electromagnetic and geostrophic
methods 279,
d. Prospects 280,
10. Laboratory models 285,
a. Similarity and characteristic numbers 285,
b. Models of small inshore areas 289,
c. Models of intermediate size areas 297,
d. Models of oceans 299,
e. Vorticity modeling 301,
11. The Gulf Stream problem 312,
a. Geography of the Gulf Stream system 312,
b. Superficial appearances 314,
c. Origins of Gulf Stream water 320,
d. Main thermocline layer 323,
e. Structure of the current 323,
f. Seasonal changes 330,
g. Synoptic oceanography 332,
h. Multiple currents 336,
i. Rapid changes in the Gulf Stream 339,
j. Tidal modulation of flow rates 346,
k. A note on methods 348,
Appendices 351,
Name index 405,
Subject index 411 " }
Author = "Von Schwind, Joseph J."
Title = "Geophysical Fluid Dynamics for Oceanographers"
Publisher = "Prentice-Hall, Inc."
Year = "1980"
Pages = "307"
LOC = "GC 239 V66"
ISBN = "0-13-352591-0"
Table of contents:
1. Review of vectors and cartesian tensors 1,
2. Basic concepts and principles in geophysical
fluid dynamics 21,
3. Wind-driven ocean circulation 179,
3.1 Introduction 179,
3.2 Sverdrup's study of wind-driven currents in a
baroclinic ocean 180,
3.3 Westward intensification of wind-driven ocean
currents 189,
3.4 Munk's theory of the wind-driven ocean circulation 201,
3.5 Qualitative effects of the nonlinear erms in a large
scale model of a western boundary current 218,
4. The hydrothermodynamic equations of a binary fluid 226,
4.1 Introduction 225,
4.2 Generation and dissipation of mechanical energy 226,
4.3 Conservation of total energy 231,
4.4 The first law of thermodynamics 234,
4.5 Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics 235,
4.6 Further consequences of Kelvin's hypotheisis 241,
4.7 Determination of the thermodynamic properties of
sea water 250,
5. Large scale ocean waves in the absence of tidal forces 255,
5.1 Introduction 255,
5.2 The long wave equations 258,
5.3 Waves of the first class 261,
5.4 Plane Sverdrup waves 264,
5.5 Plane Poincare waves 274,
5.6 Plane Kelvin and Proudman waves 280,
5.7 Plane Rossby waves 287,
Bibliography 293,
Books for supplementary reading 297,
Index 299 " }
Author = "von Storch, Hans and Francis W. Zwiers"
Title = "Statistical Analysis in Climate Research"
Publisher = "Cambridge Univ. Press"
Year = "1999"
Pages = "528"
ISBN = "0-521-45071-3"
Table of contents:
1. Introduction
1.1 The statistical description and understanding of climate
1.2 Some typical problems and concepts
I. Fundamentals
2. Probability theory
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Probability
2.3 Discrete random variables
2.4 Examples of discrete random variables
2.5 Discrete multivariate distributions
2.6 Continuous random variables
2.7 Example of continuous random variables
2.8 Random vectors
2.9 Extreme value distributions
3. Distributions of climate variables
3.1 Atmospheric variables
3.2 Some other climate variables
4. Concepts in statistical inference
4.1 General
4.2 Random samples
4.3 Statistics and sampling distributions
5. Estimation
5.1 General
5.2 Examples of estimators
5.3 Properties of estimators
5.4 Interval estimators
5.5 Bootstrapping
II. Confirmation and analysis
6. The statistical test of a hypothesis
6.1 The concept of statistical tests
6.2 The structure and terminology of a test
6.3 Monte Carlo simulation
6.4 On establishing statistical significance
6.5 Multivariate problems
6.6 Tests of the mean
6.7 Test of variances
6.8 Field significance tests
6.9 Univariate recurrence analysis
6.10 Multivariate recurrence analysis
7. Analysis of atmospheric circulation problems
7.1 Validating a general circulation model
7.2 Analysis of a GCM sensitivity experiment
7.3 Identification of a signal in observed data
7.4 Detecting the CO2 signal
III. Fitting statistical models
8. Regression
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Correlation
8.3 Fitting and diagnosing simple regression models
8.4 Multiple regression
8.5 Model selection
8.6 Some other topics
9. Analysis of variance
9.1 Introduction
9.2 One way analysis of variance
9.3 Two way analysis of variance
9.4 Two way ANOVA with mixed effects of the CCCma AMIP experiment
9.5 Tuning a basic scale ocean model
IV. Time series
10. Time series and stochastic processes
10.1 General discussion
10.2 Basic definitions and examples
10.3 Auto-regressive processes
10.4 Stochastic climate models
10.5 Moving average processes and regime-dependent AR processes
11. Parameters of univariate and bivariate time series
11.1 The auto-covariance function
11.2 The spectrum
11.3 The cross-covariance function
11.4 The cross-spectrum
11.5 Frequency-wavenumber analysis
12. Estimating covariance functions and spectra
12.1 Non-parametric estimation of the auto-correlation function
12.2 Identifying and fitting auto-regressive models
12.3 Estimating the spectrum
12.4 Estimating the cross-correlation function
12.5 Estimating the cross-spectrum
V. Eigen techniques
13. Empirical orthogonal functions
13.1 Definition of empirical orthogonal functions
13.2 Estimation of empirical orthogonal functions
13.3 Inference
13.4 Examples
13.5 Rotatino of EOFs
13.6 Singular systems analysis and multichannel SSA
14. Canonical correlation analysis
14.1 Definition of canonical correlation patterns
14.2 Estimating canonical correlation patterns
14.3 Examples
14.4 Redundancy analysis
15. POP analysis
15.1 Principal oscillation patterns
15.2 Examples
15.3 POPs as a predictive tool
15.4 Cyclo-stationary POP analysis
15.5 State space models
16. Complex eigentechniques
16.1 Complex eigentechniques
16.2 Hilbert transform
16.3 Complex and Hilbert EOFs
VI. Other topics
17. Specific statistical concepts in climate research
17.1 The decorrelation time
17.2 Potential predictability
17.3 Composites and associated correlation patterns
17.4 Teleconnections
17.5 Time filters
18. Forecast quality evaluation
18.1 The skill of categorical forecasts
18.2 The skill of quantitative forecasts
18.3 The Murphy-Epstein decomposition
18.4 Issues in the evaluation of forecast skill
18.5 Cross-validation
Appendices
A. Notation
B. Elements of linear analysis
C. Fourier analysis and Fourier transform
D. Normal density and cumulative distribution function
E. The chi-square distribution
F. Student's t distribution
G. The F distribution
H. Table-Look-Up test
I. Critical values for the Mann-Whitney test
J. Quantiles of the squared-ranks test statistic
K. Quantiltes of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient
L. Correlations and probability statements
M. Some proofs of theorems and equations
S. Baum
Dept. of Oceanography
Texas A&M University
baum@astra.tamu.edu