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Last checked or modified: Apr. 7, 1997

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Mnemonic
The Multilithic Nondependent Extensible Modular Objective Network-aware Internet Client is an ongoing development project to write a WWW browser with an emphasis on modularity to make it easy to add new functionality, use different user interface toolkits, or use the core browser to write a completely different Internet-based client. [http://oloon.student.utwente.nl/~mnemonic/]
[http://www.mnemonic.org/ ]

 

Mobile IP
A protocol designed to meet the needs of mobile computer users who wish to connect to the Internet and maintain communications as they move from place to place. Mobile IP consists of three major subsystems: a discovery mechanism which allows computers to determine their new IP addresses as they move from place to place; a mechanism to register new attachment points via an agent representing the mobile computer at its home network; and mechanisms to deliver datagrams to the mobile node at its remote location. See Perkins (1997). [http://anchor.cs.binghamton.edu/~mobileip/]

 

Mocha
A Java bytecode decompiler which generates readable source code from bytecode. [http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/mocha.html]

 

MOC
A 2-D groundwater flow and transport model which uses the method of characteristics. MOC simulates solute transport in flowing ground water and is applicable to 1- or 2-D problems involving steady state or transient flow. It computes changes in concentration over time caused by the processes of advective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, mixing or dilution from fluid sources, and certain types of chemical reactions (i.e. first-order irreversible-rate reactions or equilibrium controlled sorption-desorption and ion exchange reactions). Gradients of fluid density, viscosity, and temperature are assumed to not affect the velocity distribution, although the aquifer may be heterogeneous and anisotropic. The MOC model solves the coupled ground water flow and solute transport equations using an iterative alternating-direction implicit procedure to solve the flow equation and the method of characteristics to solve the solute transport equation. Two alternative solvers are also available for the flow equation. The transport solver incorporates a particle tracking procedure to represent advective transport and a two-step explicit finite-difference procedure to solve equations describing the effects of hydrodynamic dispersion and fluid sources.

A source code distribution of MOC for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Konikow and Bredehoeft (1978), Goode and Konikow (1989) and Konikow et al. (1994). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/moc.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/moc.html ]

 

MOCDENSE
A two-constituent transport model for groundwater having variable density which has been used in studies of saltwater intrusion and dense contaminant plumes. MOCDENSE simulates solute transport in flowing groundwater and is applicable to 2-D, cross-sectional problems involving groundwater with constant or variable density. It computes changes in concentration due to advective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, and mixing or dilution from fluid sources. The concentrations of two independent solutes can be simultaneously modeled. Temperature is assumed constant and fluid density and viscosity linear functions of the first specified solute. A second solute is assumed to be of a trace amount such that it doesn't affect the fluid density or viscosity. See the entry on MOC for details about the numerics. A source code distribution of MOCDENSE for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Konikow and Bredehoeft (1978) and Sanford and Konikow (1985). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/mocdense.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/mocdense.html ]

 

MOC3D
A 3-D groundwater flow and transport model that uses the method of characteristics. MOD3D, similarly to MOC, simulates 3-D solute transport in flowing ground water. It computes changes in the concentration of a single dissolved chemical constituent over time as caused by advective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, mixing or dilution from fluid sources, and simple chemical reactions. MOD3D is integrated with MODFLOW, which supplies the 3-D ground water flow model. MOD3D uses the method of characteristics to solve the transport equation based on the hydraulic gradients supplies by MODFLOW for a given time step. Particle tracking is used to represent advective transport and explicit finite-difference methods are used to calculate the effects of other processes.

A source code distribution of MOC3D for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within the techical report Konikow et al. (1996). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/moc3d.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/moc3d.html ]

 

MOCKA
The MOdula Compiler KArlsruhe is a Modula-2 system for which a free binary Linux version is available. More about which later. [http://i44www.info.uni-karlsruhe.de/~modula]

 

Mockmma
A Common Lisp implementation of a small and efficient computer algebra system. The intention was to be as fast as possible without making major concessions to usefulness. For similar problems Mockmma is said to be faster than Macsyma, Reduce, Maple or Mathematica. This has a rudimentary interface and not nearly as many features as the other systems mentioned but that was not the intention of the designer. This was designed using Allegro CL but apparently can be used with other CL implementations without too much pain. [ftp://peoplesparc.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/]

 

MODBRNCH
A coupled flow model of surface and ground water interactions that combines the MODFLOW and BRANCH models. It simulates channel-aquifer flows, i.e. leakage through a confining layer or riverbed which couples the ground and surface water systems. A source code distribution of MODBRNCH for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within the techical report Swain and Wexler (1996). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/modbrnch.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/modbrnch.html ]

 

MODCHOL
A block version of the Eskow-Schnabel Modified Cholesky Decomposition written in Fortran. This uses the BLAS library. [ftp://ftp.enseeiht.fr/pub/numerique/MODCHOL/]

 

MODEIN
A program that computes the total sediment discharge at a cross-sectoin of an alluvial stream (with primarily a sand bed) from measured hydraulic variables, the concentration and particle-size distribution of the measured suspended sediment, and the particle-size distribution of the bed material. The computation is made by extrapolating the measured suspended-sediment discharge to represent the total suspended-sediment discharge and the addition of a computed bedload discharge. It is intended for use only where all bed material is finer than about 16 millimeters, and can be used only if a significant part of the measured suspended sediment is composed of particles of the same size as particles in the bed material. A source code distribution of MODEIN for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Stevens (1985). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/modein.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/modein.html ]

 

MODELLER
A program for protein structure modeling that models 3-D protein structure by satisfaction of spatial restraints. It is most frequently used for homology or comparative protein structure modeling where the user provides an alignment of a sequence to be modeled with known related structures, at which point Modeller calculates an all-atom model. Most generally, program inputs are restraints on the spatial structure of the amino acid sequences and ligands to be modeled. Restraints can be derived from homologous structures, NMR experiments, rules of secondary structure packing, cross-linking experiments, fluorescence spectroscopy, image reconstruction in electron microscopy, site-directed mutagenesis, intuition, residue-residue and atom-atom potentials of mean force, and more. The restraints can operate on distances, angles, dihedral angles, and pairs of dihedral angles defined by atoms or pseudo-atoms. The model is obtained via optimization of a molecular probability density function (PDF), which is optimized with the variable target function procedure in Cartesian space employing methods of conjugate gradients and molecular dynamics with simulated annealing. Binary distributions are available for several platforms including Linux Intel. A manual is available in PostScript format. [http://guitar.rockefeller.edu/modeller/modeller.html]

 

MODFE
A MODular Finite Element model for areal and axisymmetric groundwater flow problems. The capabilities and uses of MODFE include: transient or steady-state conditions; nonhomogeneous and anisotropic flow where anisotropy directions change within the model region; vertical leakage from a semiconfining layer containing laterally nonhomogeneous properties and elastic storage effects; point and areally distributed sources and sinks; specified head (Dirichlet), specified flow (Neumann), and head-dependent (Cauchy) boundary conditions; vertical cross-section and axisymmetric cylindrical flow; confined and unconfined water table conditions; partial drying and resaturation of a water table aquifer; conversion between confined and unconfined aquifer conditions; and nonlinear head-dependent fluxes for simulating line, point, or areally distributed sources and sinks. Aquifer stresses and boundary conditions can be changed on the basis of time step, stress period, or both.

In MODFE the aquifer geometry, flow boundaries, and variations in hydraulic properties are represented by triangular elements or element sides in a finite element mesh. Time variations in hydraulic properties are represented by 1-D elements. The finite element matrix equations are solved by using either a direct symmetric-Doolittle method of triangular decomposition or an iterative method that uses the modified incomplete Cholesky conjugate gradient method, with the former recommended for small to medium problems and the latter for large problems.

A source code distribution of MODFE for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Cooley (1992), Torak (1993), and Torak (1993). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/modfe.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/modfe.html ]

 

MODFLOW
A MODular 3-D finite-difference groundwater FLOW model. The modular structure allows it to be easily modified for particular applications or for adding new features. MODFLOW simulates steady and nonsteady flow in irregularly shaped flow systems in which aquifer layers can be confined, unconfined, or a combination thereof. It can simulate external sources and sinks such as flow to wells, areal recharge, evapotranspiration, flow to drains, and flow through river beds. The hydraulic conductivities or transmissivities for any layer can differ spatially and be anisotropic, and the storage coefficient can be heterogeneous. Specified head and specified flux boundaries can be simulated as can a head-dependent flux across the outer boundary that allows water to be supplied to a boundary block in the modeled area at a rate proportional to the current head difference between a source and the boundary block. The groundwater flow equation is solved using a finite-difference approximation in which the horizontal and vertical spacings may be irregular. Several solvers are provided to allow the user to choose the best one for a particular application. Mass balances are computed for each time step and as a cumulative volume from each source and type of discharge. The latest MODFLOW version, called MODFLOW-96, consists of several modular subpackages including: An earlier version of MODFLOW called MODFLOW-88 is still available although its capabilities aren't as advanced as those in MODFLOW-96.

A source code distribution of MODFLOW for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Harbaugh and McDonald (1996), Harbaugh and McDonald (1996), and McDonald and Harbaugh (1988). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/modflow96.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/modflow96.html ]

 
MFI
A data input program for the USGS flow model MODFLOW and the particle tracking program MODPATH. Data are interactively entered via a series of display screens, and there is an interface to a commercial spreadsheet program for entering 2-D arrays. A source code distribution of MFI for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Harbaugh (1994). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection. [http://water.usgs.gov/software/mfi.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/mfi.html ]

 

MODPATH
A particle tracking postprocessor for the MODFLOW package. MODPATH was developed to compute 3-D flow paths using output from steady-state or transient groundwater flow simulations by MODFLOW. It consists of two packages: (1) MODPATH, which calculaes particle paths; and (2) MODPATH-PLOT, which graphically displays results. It uses a semi-analytical particle tracking scheme that allows an analytical expression of a particle's flow path to be obtained within each finite-difference cell. Paths are computed by tracking particles from one cell to the next until the particle reaches a boundary, an internal sink/source, or satisfies some other termination criteria. A source code distribution of MODPATH for UNIX platforms is available. Use of this requires a pre-installed GKS library. The primary documentation is contained within Hill (1992) and Hill (1994). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/modpath.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/modpath.html ]

 

RADMOD
A MODFLOW preprocessor for the simulation of axisymmetric (cylindrical) problems which is useful for problems involving wells. RADMOD calculates the conductances and storage capacity more precisely for the changing geometries and head gradients of axisymmetric flow to a well. The well area is conceptualized as a system of concentric shells capable of reproducing the large variations in gradient in the vicinity of the well by decreasing their area in the direction of the well. A source code distribution of RADMOD for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Reilly and Harbaugh (1993) and Reilly and Harbaugh (1993). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/radmod.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/radmod.html ]

 

ZONEBDGT
A program that computes subregional water budgets using results from the MODFLOW groundwater flow model. Subregions are designated using zone numbers, and separate budgets or computed for each zone, with each budget including a component of flow between adjacent zones. A source code distribution of ZONEBDGT for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Harbaugh (1990). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/zonebdgt.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/zonebdgt.html ]

 

MODFLOWP
A parameter estimation version of the MODFLOW package which can be used to estimate input parameters via nonlinear regression. The parameters that can be estimated include layer transmissivity, storage, coefficient of storage, hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, vertical leakance, horizontal and vertical anisotropy, hydraulic conductance, areal recharge, maximum evapotranspiration, pumpage, and the hydraulic head at constant-head boundaries. Data used to estimate parameters can include existing independent estimates of a parameter values, observed hydraulic heads or temporal changes in hydraulic heads, and observed gains and losses along head-dependent boundaries such as streams. The model output includes statistics for analyzing the parameter estimates which can be used to quantify the reliability of the resulting model, suggest changes in model construction, and to compare results of models constructed in different ways. The parameters are estimated by minimizing a weighted least-squares objective function by the modified Gauss-Newton method or by a conjugate direction method. A source code distribution of MODFLOWP for UNIX platforms is available. The primary documentation is contained within Hill (1992) and Hill (1994). This is part of the USGS Water Resources Applications Software collection.

[http://water.usgs.gov/software/Modflowp.html]
[http://www.geogr.uni-jena.de/software/Modflowp.html ]

 

MODLER
The Modeling by Object-Driven Linear Elemental Relations optimization package contains a language for representing linear programming models completely separate from instances defined by data realizations. It also includes representations of binary variables and logical constraints which arise naturally in large-scale planning and operation decision support. The basin input is a model file and the basic output a matrix file in a standard format for most optimizers and for ANALYZE and RANDMOD. MODLER can also generate a syntax file for ANALYZE to enable automatic translation of activities and constraints into English for intelligent analysis support. MODLER is available in binary form for DOS and Linux platforms. The official documentation is contained within a pricey user's guide, more about which can be found at the IMPS Software Site . A quick summary of the ins and outs of optimization can be found at the NEOS Guide Optimization Tree . [http://www-math.cudenver.edu/~hgreenbe/consortium/
softget.html]  
Modula-2
A successor to Pascal which provides fundamental programming concepts essential to the initial teaching of programming as a logical and systematic discipline. It was designed by Niklaus Wirth about ten years after Pascal to make up for the latter's shortcomings. Modula-2 provides for the construction of large programs in modular (whence the name) form and also provides a basic capacity for systems programming at the level required for embedded control systems and similar applications. It is a general purpose, strongly typed, high level language providing a number of low level features and supporting coroutines. Perhaps its most distinct feature is the way it allows programmers to break programs into a number of logically distinct and separately compiled modules. The low level features allow programmers to determine the current address of a variable, perform address arithmetic, determine storage requirements, reinterpret the bit pattern representing a cardinal number as a boolean value, and many other useful things. See Modula-3 for now. An available Modula-2 implementation is MOCKA. Modula-2 texts include Christian (1986), Eisenbach and Sadler (1989) and Ogilvie (1985).

 

Modula-2*
A programming environment related to the Modula family of languages with support of explicitly parallel high-level constructs on a variety of parallel and sequential machines. It is also a complete sequential Modula-2 programming environment offering: an optimizing compiler which translates Modula-2 source programs to portable C; transparent interfacing and full integration of foreign modules written in C; a sophisticated cross-architecture make facility which generates standard UNIX makefiles that trigger the separate compilation of Modula-2 and generated or foreign C modules; X Window and Emacs development support; and some basic libraries (e.g. msFIO, msIO, msMath, msTimer). The Modula-2* features which support high-level and machine-independent parallel programming include: an arbitrary number of processes can operate on data in the same single address space; synchronous and asynchronous parallel computations can be formulated in a machine-independent way as well as arbitrary nestings thereof; procedures may be called in any context, sequential or parallel, and at any nesting depth; and all abstraction mechanisms of Modula-2 are available for parallel programs. This is all done with only two new language constructs: allocators, machine-independent layout hints for the compiler without any semantic meaning, may be used to specify the distribution of array data; and the FORALL statement is introduced to support explicitly parallel computations.

The Modula-2* system is available in binary format for BSDI Intel, KSR-1 and 2, Linux Intel, MasPAR, DEC Ultrix, and Sun SunOS and Solaris platforms. Documentation can be found in a user's manual and several technical reports contained within the distribution. The original site (i.e. the given URL) seems to no longer have the software distribution, but it can be found at the IPCA Modula-2* Archive . See Sedgewick (1993). [http://wwwipd.ira.uka.de/Tichy/m2star.html]

 

Modula-3
A modern, modular, object-oriented language which features garbage collection, exception handling, run-time typing, generics, and support for multithreaded application. It is a member of the Pascal family of languages, designed in the late 1980s at DEC and Olivetti to correct many of the deficiencies of Pascal and Modula-2 for practical software engineering. For example, it keeps the simplicity of type safety of the earlier languages while providing new facilities for exception handling, concurrency, object-oriented programming, and automatic garbage collection. Modula-3 is both a practical implementation language for large software projects and an excellent teaching language. The latest Modula-3 distribution also contains an implemetation of Obliq, a language that supports distributed object oriented computation. The SRC Modula-3 distributions contains several packages including: mtex, a function used to produce both troff and HTML pages from the same source; m3core, a runtime library which is part of the basic system; libm3, a library needed by most other libraries; m3middle, the compiler's IL definition; m3linker, the prelinker; m3objfile, the object file writers; m3front, the compiler front-end; m3, the main program, i.e. the compiler; coverage, a line-based coverage analyzer/profiler; pp, a pretty-printer; m3totex, a program to wrap source code in enough TeX to make it printable; parseparams, a library to parse command line arguments; slisp, a library containing a small Lisp interpreter; tcp, a library implementing an interface to TCP sockets; netobj, a network objects runtime library needed by most distributed applications; netobjd, a network objects daemon; m3tk, an abstract syntax tree (AST) toolkit; stubgen, the network objects stub generator; X11R4, an interface to the X library; ui, the Trestle window system toolkit used by most graphical applications; m3browser, an HTTP server; tcl, a thin veneer on the Tcl library; vbtkit, a large collection of useful window widgets; images, a library to support displaying bitmap images; obliq, the Obliq interpreter; obliqrt, the Obliq runtime library; zeus, an algorithm animation toolkit; postcard, an integrated mail and news reader; and much, much more.

The DEC Systems Research Center version of Modula-3 features a native-code compiler, a debugger, a rich set of libraries, a GUI interface builder for distributed applications, and more. An online copy of a Linux Journal article entitled Introducing Modula-3 (by Geoff Wyant) is available for a more complete description. A Linux Modula-3 ELF binary is also available.

[http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/modula-3/html/home.html]

 

Modules
A system for configuring and maintaining the shell and environment variables needed to use various software packages. Modules insulates the user from the gory details of the installation of packages. It frees the user from having to know the details about the various pathnames and variables that supply information on the whereabouts of software packages. The Modules package is basically a database and a set of scripts that simplify shell initialization and allows users to easily modify their environment during a session. A source code distribution of Modules is available. It is written in Tcl and requires at least version 6.3 of that package. An interactive interface to Modules called user-setup is also available. [http://www.modules.org/]

 

modules
A set of utilities for dealing with Loadable Kernel Modules (LKM), a way of dynamically adding and subtracting functionality to the Linux kernel. The modules utilities include: A source code distribution of the modules package is available.

[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/]

 

Moira
The Project Athena Service Management System (SMS). Moira manages the configuration of all of the Athena network services and consists of a large relational database and frontend software to control access to the information and automatically update system servers from that information. It depends on the Kerberos authentication system and will make use of both the Hesiod name server and the Zephyr notification services if they are present. Moira consists of a number of client programs: moira, a general program which administers all of the information stored in Moira which can also be invoked by the commands listmaint, usermaint, and dcmmaint; blanche, a quick program for checks of a mailing list or for making membership changes to a list; chfn, which is used to set how your full name looks to other users as well as to to set your address and phone number as seen by finger; chpobox, which is used to change the address to which your email is sent; mailmaint, which maintains mailing lists for a user; mainmaint, which is used to add or delete a username from public mailing lists; mrcheck, which queries the database to determine which services and hosts have failed updates; mrtest, which allows the manual operation of all operations allowed in the Moira protocol; and setquota, which sets the disk usage quota for a given user and partition.

The source code for Moira is available. It is written in C and can be installed on most UNIX systems using either the supplied Makefile or Imakefile files. The system is extensively documented in a series of manuals available in PostScript format as well as in a set of man pages.

[ftp://athena-dist.mit.edu/pub/ATHENA/]

 

Moldy
A general purpose molecular dynamics simulation program which is sufficiently flexible to be used for a wide range of simulation calculations of atomic, ionic and molecular systems. It uses the link cell method to calculate short-range forces and the Ewald sum technique to handle long-range electrostatic forces. Simulations may be performed either in the usual NVE ensemble or in NVT, N$\sigma$H, or N$\sigma$T ensembles using Nosé-HOover thermostat and Parrinello and Rahman constant-stress methods. The system being modeled may contain a mixture of an arbitrary number of molecular species, each with an arbitrary number of atoms and an arbitrary number of molecules of each. Molecules or ions may be monatomic or polyatomic, linear or 3-D in any combination. The potential functions may be of the Lennard-Jones, Buckingham (including Born-Mayer) or MCY types, and other potential types maybe easily added. The Moldy package contains several utility programs including:

The Moldy distribution consists of the ANSI C source code for Moldy and the utility programs, the user's manual in LaTeX source code, and example control and system specification files. On UNIX systems both single processor and parallel versions can be compiled. Interfaces are provided for the MPI, TCGMSG, and BSP message passing libraries.

[ftp://ftp.earth.ox.ac.uk/pub/]

 

MOL1D
See PDELIB.

 

MolScript
A program for creating schematic or detailed molecular graphics images from 3-D molecular coordinates, usually protein structures. The features of MolScript include: an interactive OpenGL graphics output mode which uses the GLUT library; a VRML 2.0 output model; graphical output in JPEG, PNG, PostScript, and RGB formats; interoperability with the Raster3D package; a stand-alone MolAuto program which creates a quick first-cut MolScript input file from a coordinate file; an external graphics objects interface; and more.

A source code distribution of MolScript is freely available for non-commercial uses via filling out an online application form. It is written in C and can be compiled on generic UNIX platforms with the requisite software already installed, e.g. some form of OpenGL, GLUT, JPEG and PNG libraries, etc. It is documented in an extensive manual available in both PostScript and HTML formats. See also Kraulis (1991).

[http://www.avatar.se/molscript/]

 

MOM
The GFDL Modular Ocean Model is a 3-D primitive equation general ocean circulation model intended to be a flexible tool for exploring ocean and coupled air-sea applications over a wide range of space and time scales. The original MOM was recently (late 1996) replaced by a new and improved formulation called MOM 2. The features of MOM 2 include: a NetCDF interface for all diagnostic output files; an improved isopycnal mixing formulation based on a functional approach employing a new approximation to neutral directions; a fourth-order advection scheme for tracers; a flux corrected transport (FCT) scheme for horizontal advection; an option for coarse-grained parallelism; a new pressure gradient averaging technique; a general grid rotation capability; the addition of open boundaries; a modified discretization of vertical mixing to yield more accurate and stable solutions; and much more.

The source code for MOM is available. It is written in Fortran 77 and can be compiled with several compilers, including (with a bit of work) g77. A very extensive user's manual is available in PostScript format.

[[http://www.gfdl.gov/~kd/MOMwebpages/MOMWWW.html]

 

MOMspider
The Multi-Owner Maintenance spider is a web-roaming robot that specializes in the maintenance of distributed hypertext information structures. It gets its instructions by reading a text file containing a list of options and tasks to be performed, with each task intended to describe a specific information structure so that it can be encompassed by the traversal process. For each task, the MOMspider traverses the web, in breadth-first order, from the specified top document down to each leaf node. The maintenance information produced by each task is formatted as an HTML index and output to a file specified in the instructions. A source code distribution of MOMspider is available. It is written in Perl 4. [http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/websoft/MOMspider/]

 

MOOSE
The Multimodeling Object-Oriented Simulation Environment is a system which provides a general purpose toolkit of C and C++ libraries for discrete-event and continuous simulation. It is the successor to the SimPack package. The purpose of MOOSE is to allow analysts to simulate physical processes by building multimodels, i.e. heterogeneous hierarchies of models where a model componnet at one level of abstraction is sub-refined into a model (possibly of a different type) at the next lower level. The MOOSE package provides a modeling language called BLOCKS which is an assembly language for the different types of supported models, i.e. FSA, functional, Petri net, and equational. BLOCKS resembles a modeling language for digital circuits with all supported model types translated into BLOCKS models and then simulated using the SimPack toolkit. A graphical user interface (GUI) allows users to construct visually-oriented models and view their output in a 2-D color scenario window. This is being developed using the Tcl/Tk toolkit.a

The MOOSE package is not yet (6/97) available for general release, but when released will be provided in separate distributions for UNIX and Windows platforms. Several technical reports documenting the development and features of MOOSE are available in PostScript format.

[http://www.cise.ufl.edu/~fishwick/moose.html]
[http://www.cise.ufl.edu/~rmc/sim/moose.htm ]

 

MOPAC
A general purpose semi-empirical molecular orbital package for the study of chemical structures and reactions. MOPAC uses many concepts in quantum theory and thermodynamics and some advanced mathematics, but is written with the non-theoretician in mind so those unfamiliar with such advanced topics can use it. A data file describing a molecular system and specifying the types of calculations and output desired is created and read by the program which then carries out the instructions. Semi-empirical Hamiltonians are used in the electronic part of the calculation to obtain molecular orbitals and the heat of formation and its derivative with respect to molecular geometry. From these results MOPAC calculates the vibrational spectra, thermodynamic quantities, isotopic substitution effects, and force constants for molecules, radicals, ions, and polymers. A transition state location routine and two transition state optimizing routines are available for studying chemical reactions. The capabilities of MOPAC include: MNDO, MINDO/3, AM1, and PM3 Hamiltonians; Restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) and Unrestricted Hartree-FOck (UHF) methods; extensive configuration interaction including excited states, geometry optimizations on specified states, and over 100 configurations; single SCF calculations; geometry optimization; gradient minimization; transition state location; reaction path coordinate calculations; force constant calculations; normal coordinate analysis; transition dipole calculations; thermodynamic properties calculations; localized orbitals; covalent bond orders; bond analysis into $\sigma$ and $\pi$ contributions; one-dimensional polymer calculations; and Dynamic and Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate calculations.

The source code for MOPAC 7 is available as are RPM packages and binaries for Linux Intel platforms. It is documented in a 150 page manual available in TeX format. This is a public domain version of MOPAC which is supposed to be for development rather than production work, with a production version available for slightly more trouble from the Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange.

[ftp://esca.atomki.hu/mopac7/LINUX/]
[ftp://infomeister.osc.edu/pub/chemistry/software/LINUX/mopac7/ ]

 

Mosaic
An X-Windows based Web browser (the original "killer app"). This requires the Motif widget set. [ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Mosaic/Unix/binaries/]
[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/www/browsers/mosaic/ ]

 
mMosaic
A derivative of the original Mosaic browser which suports TABLE and other supplementary HTML tags like CENTER. Three major additional features have been added to mMosaic: a multicast capability which permits the use of the MBone to multicast any embedded object, even the cursor and scrollbar positions; an application program called APROG which is an experimental HTML tag enabling programs written on top of Xt (e.g. Xaw or Motif) to run inside mMosaic; and the capability of running Java applets via the APPLET tag (using Kaffe as the Java VM and Biss as the AWT) although this is currently (5/97) an experimental feature. The mMosaic browser can be built from sources, although it is currently a bit of a daunting task. [http://sig.enst.fr/~dauphin/mMosaic/index.html]

 

MON
A general purpose resource monitoring system which can be used to monitor network service availability, server problems, environmental conditions, and any number of other things. MON was designed to separate the task of resource monitoring into two separate tasks: the testing of a condition and triggering some action upon failure. As such the mon program is implemented as a scheduler which both executes the monitors and calls the appropriate alerts if a monitor fails. The monitors and alerts are not an intrinsic part of MON although the distribution does come with a selection of them. Features of MON include: Monitor scripts are included for ICMP echo (ping), SMTP, Telnet, FTP, NNTP, HTTP, POP-3, IMAP, TCP-based services, disk space, and uptime via SMTP.

A source code distribution of MON is available. It is written in Perl 5 and thus portable to any machine on which that is already installed. It is documented in a series of man pages.

[http://ftp.kernel.org/software/mon/]
[http://consult.ml.org/~trockij/mon/ ]

 

Montage
A package which allows the reconstruction of serial data in 3 dimensions. Montage consists of a set of commands that allow data to be entered (digitized from a bitpad), analyzed, and displayed in 3-D. Montage can handle multiple data types including trace (open or closed polygonal contours), base (reference point), flag (displayed as a circle, triangle, or rectangle), line, and grain. Data can be multiply specified including as cells, branches, or colors. Multiple output formats are available including SVGA, X Window, PostScript, and HP. A source code distribution is available which has been developed on a Linux Intel platform. [http://bip.anatomy.upenn.edu/~rob/montage.html]

 

MOSIX
A set of kernel enhancements to Linux for supporting cluster computing. At the core of MOSIX are adaptive load balancing and memory ushering algorithms that allow multiple machines to work cooperatively as if part of a single computer. The features of MOSIX include: This is currently (6/98) under development for Linux with a version for BSD already available.

[http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/mosix/]

 

Moscow ML
A lightweight implementation of Standard ML, a strict functional language used widely in teaching and research. Moscow ML implements the Standard ML core language, a simple module system supporting separate compilation, and much of the new Standard ML Basis Library. A source code distribution of Moscow ML is available for MS-DOS and UNIX systems, and binary distributions for MS-DOS, Windows, OS/2, Linux Intel, and Mac platforms. The documentation includes a user's manual, a language overview, a library manual, all available in PostScript format.

[http://www.dina.kvl.dk/~sestoft/mosml.html]

 

MOSS
A DOS extender primarily intended for those who must write DOS programs for some reason but want as little to do with DOS as is possible. MOSS is intended for cross-development from real operating systems rather than for native development under DOS. The API attempts to hide the inherent ugliness of DOS under a UNIX/POSIX veneer, e.g. by providing POSIX-like file I/O, POSIX signals for intercepting processor exceptions and hardware interrupts, and much more. MOSS was created when a large Linux program needed to be ported to DOS and none of the solutions available suited the purposes of the developers. It created using the Flux OS toolkit, a collection of infrastructure and reusable code for the fast and flexible development of operating systems. The features of MOSS include: that it can be used royalty-free in commercial and non-commercial products; full support for DPMI, VCPI, XMS, and raw DOS modes; support for up to 2 GB of virtual and physical memory; demand-loading of executables for quick startup times; support for POSIX low-level file I/O as well as ANSI C I/O; processor exceptions which can be delivered as POSIX signals; hardware interrupts which can be delivered as POSIX.1b real-time queued signals; traditional DOS extender-like interrupt revectoring; support for POSIX.1b memory locking API; remote source-level debugging over a serial line using gdb; full cross-development capabilities from Linux and other UNIX flavors; use of i386 ELF object files and executables; allowing a program and any associated data files to be attached to MOSS to form one big DOS executable; and complete compatibility with the GNU tool suite.

A source code distribution of MOSS is available as are binaries for FreeBSD and Linux platforms. It is written in C and can be compiled on additional UNIX flavors. A user's manual is available in several formats.

[http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flux/moss/]

 

Motif
A meta-reference connecting to resources for Motif and X Windows system development. Remember that Motif is a commercial product that costs around $100 or so for a Linux binary so going this route will cost you some bucks, at least until the Lesstif project is complete. The given URL is to the Motif on the World Wide Web (MW3) site which is chock full of information about Motif. [http://www.cen.com/mw3/]

 

MOWS
A distributed web and cache server written in Java. It is built from modules which can be loaded from either the local system or from a remote system. Each module has its basic type which characterizes its functionality, and users may extend, replace, or omit some modules to configure the behavior of the MOWS server. MOWS supports the features of typical servers such as basic authentication, user file systems, CGI, image maps, HTML filtering, and proxies, with the proxy feature enabling it to cooperate with other MOWS and Harvest object caches for distributed caching. MOWS also supports its own Java service extension interface called JME which is similar to CGI although programs executed through JME not limited to those residing in the local file system. They can be fetched from a remote system and executed locally if the remote host name is specified in the configuration. A source code distribution of MOWS is available. It requires JDK 1.0.2 for compilation and use. It is documented in a user's manual and a technical paper, both available in HTML format.

[http://mows.rz.uni-mannheim.de/mows/]

 

MP
See GMP.

 

mpack
A pair of utilities for encoding (mpack) and decoding (munpack) binary files in MIME format mail messages. The munpack program can also decode messages in split-uuencoded format. This can be thought of as the MIME equivalent of uudecode/binhex. The source code for mpack is available as are binaries for Amiga, Linux, Mac, and NetBSD platforms. The documentation is contained within man pages.

[ftp://ftp.andrew.cmu.edu/pub/mpack/]

 

mpC
A language developed to write efficient and portable programs for a wide range of distributed memory machines. It supports both task and data parallelism, allows both static and dynamic process and communication structures, enables optimizations aimed at both communication and computation, and supports modular parallel programming and the development of a library of parallel programs. The mpC language is an ANSI C superset based on the notion of a network comprising heterogeneous processor nodes connected by links with different bandwidths. The user can describe a network topology, create and discard networks, and distribute data and computations over networks. The mpC programming environment includes a compiler, a run-time support system (RTS), a library, and a command line interface, all of which are written in ANSI C. The compiler translates an mpC program into an ANSI C program with calls to RTS functions. The compiler generates target code in which either all processes constitute a target message passing program or separate target files where one is for the virtual host processor and the second for the rest of the virtual processors. RTS manages the computing space and provides all necessary communications. It encapsulates a small subset of MPI and ensures platform independence of the rest of the compiler components (at least over those platforms which will run MPI). The library consists of functions which provide low level efficiency utilities as well as debugging. The user interface consists of programs which support the creation of a virtual parallel machine and the monitoring of the execution of mpC programs.

The source code for mpC, written in ANSI C, is available. It was written to be portable across all platforms with such compilers and has been checked on Sun Solaris, HP-UX, and Linux platforms. It has also been tested on a couple of different MPI implementations. The documentation is contained with a user's guide and a language reference manual, both of which are contained in the distribution in PostScript format.

[http://www.ispras.ru/~mpc/]

 

MPEG
The Moving Pictures Experts Group meet to generate standards for digital video and audio compression. In particular, they define a compressed bit stream which implicitly defines a decompressor. The algorithms used to create the compressed bit stream are not specified and left to implementers. MPEG is also used to denote the family of standards they define for coding audio-visual information in a digital compressed format.

There have been a series of MPEG standards. MPEG-1 was primarily intended to process video at Source Input Format (SIF) resolution, i.e. 352x240 pixels at 30 frames per second (fps), which is a quarter of the resolution of the TV broadcast standard. MPEG-2 was created to meet the needs of the broadcast industry by developing a compression algorithm which processed video at the full industry standard resolution. MPEG-3 was begun to develop a standard for HDTV, but it was discovered that slight modifications to MPEG-2 would meet this need and it was dropped. MPEG-4 is another standard which targets low bitrate coding of audio-visual programs to meet the needs of such application as video phones, multimedia e-mail, etc.

Available MPEG video players are mpeg_play, xmplay, and Xanim. Other MPEG-related software includes:

See MPEG.ORG for further information.

 

MPEG Library
A collection of C routines to decode MPEG movies and dither them in a variety of color schemes. This is basically a cleaner programmer's interface to the engine in mpeg_play which allows a programmer to extract frames from an MPEG stream (either before or after converting to RGB color space) and then do other things with it. [http://www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca/users/greg/mpeg.html]

 

MPEGe
An MPEG encoding engine library designed to allow the creation of MPEG movies from an application. The library consists of three functions: A source code distribution of MPEGe is available.

[http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~ark/mpegelib/]

 

mpeg_encode
A package containing the Berkeley MPEG-1 Video Encoder. The encoder will accept any input file format as long as a script to convert the images to either PPM or YUV format is created. Options to control input file processing and compression parameters are specified in a parameter file. [http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/convert/]

 

mpeg_play
An MPEG player which uses X11 to display the decoded movies. It can also produce PPM files, SVGA graphics, Windows graphics calls, or work in a Mac window. It doesn't handle real-time synchronization of audio streams. The most recent version (2.3) can be obtained as source code (written in C) or as a compiled binary for Sun SunOS and Solaris, HP-UX, DEC Ultrix and OSF, SGI IRIX, and Linux Intel platforms.

[http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/projects/mpeg/mpeg_play.html]

 

MPFUN
Fortran software that permits the performance of arithmetic computations to an arbitrarily high level of numeric precision. This consists of a package of Fortran-77 routines that perform a variety of multiple precision operations and a translator program that converts an ordinary Fortran-77 program to call the required multiple precision routines. [http://science.nas.nasa.gov/Groups/AAA/db.webpage/mpdist/mpdist.html]

 

MPI
The Message Passing Interface is a standard library for writing message-passing programs designed for high performance on both massively parallel machines and on workstation clusters. MPI was deveoped by a broadly based committee of vendors, implementors, and users and is widely available in both free and commercial implementations. The goals for developing MPI were:

MPI implementations include: CHIMP, LAM, MPI-BIP and MPICH. There is much documentation in the form of technical reports and online tutorials. There are also books which cover MPI including Gropp et al. (1994), Pacheco (1997), Snir et al. (1995), and Foster (1995). The latter contains a chapter on MPI and the entire text is available online in hypertext format. There is an ongoing project called MPI-2 to consider corrections and extensions to the current and first MPI standard.

Packages or languages which require or use MPI in some way include: A++/P++, ARCH, BLACS, BlockSolve, C4, CODE, Converse, COSMICS, DAGH, DOUG, fsolver, GCL/MPI, Global Array, GLU, HDFNOW, HPF, Moldy, mpC, MPI++, MPI-RGL, MPI-2 C++, MPIX, MSG, NESL, Nexus, OOMPI, PANDA, Para++, ParPre, PeIGS, PETSc, PGAPack, PIM, PMPIO, pPCx, PPI++, P-SPARSLIB, PSTSWM, QCDMPI, sB-BLAS, ScaLAPACK, SUMMA, Surface Evolver, SYISDA, TOMPI, and TRAPPER.

[http://www.mcs.anl.gov:80/mpi/]

 

MPICH
MPI CHameleon is a freely available and portable implementation of the MPI message passing library which supplies a set of programming tools along with the basic MPI implementation. These include the MPE extension library, tools to ensure consistent handling of command-line arguments and standard I/O, support for performance analysis and debugging, network management tools, additional useful commands, and an example suite. The MPE (Multi-Processing Environment) is a loosely structured library of routines designed to be helpful for parallel programmers in the MPI environment. There are MPI routines for: parallel X graphics which provide all processes with access to a shared X display and make it easy to provide graphical output for parallel programs; logging which provides simple calls to produce time-stamped event trace files; sequential sections which ensure that sequential execution of processes occur when necessary; and error handling which provides a mechanism by which a user can control how the implementation responds to run-time errors. The performance analysis and debugging tools include three profiling libraries, a graphical tool to display parallel program behavior called upshot, and support for adding new profiling libraries via a utility called wrappergen which lets a user specify templates for profiling routines and a list of routines to create and then automatically creates the profiling versions of the routines. Network management on workstation clusters is provided via an external package called Scalable UNIX Tools (SUT) which implements parallel versions of common UNIX commands such as ls, ps, cp, and rm as well as some new hybrid commands such as pfps which is a parallel find in the process space. The additional useful commands include mpicc and mpif77, which invoke the C and Fortran compilers and linkers in the parallel environment, and mpirun which provides a portable way to run programs which use MPI. The example programs include those for Mandelbrot set computations, solving the Mastermind puzzle, the game of life, and several more.

The MPI source code is available and can be compiled on a wide variety of systems including: workstations clusters (including Linux); the IBM SP1 and SP2; the Intel i860, Delta and Paragon; the Ncube 2; the Thinking Machines CM5; SMPs including the Convex Exemplar; the Meiko CS2; and the Cray T3D. Compilers for C and Fortran 77 are required to compile and install MPI and run the examples. The documentation includes installation and user guides as well as several technical reports, all of which are available in PostScript format. There is also an extensive set of man pages in the distribution.

[http://www.mcs.anl.gov/Projects/mpi/mpich/index.html]

 

MPI-Cubix
A collective I/O library for POSIX and MPI. [ftp://ftp.osc.edu/pub/lam/]

 

MPI++
A C++ binding for the MPI standard. It supports both point-to-point and collective message passing among communicating sequential processes in a way which is both syntactically and semantically consistent with MPI's C binding. It differs from the C binding in that it is object-based, i.e. the communicators and other objects of MPI are represented directly as objects in MPI++ with the function calls of the C interface as methods. The source code, written in C++, is available. MPI++ is documented in a technical paper available in PostScript format as well as in Wilson and Lu (1996).

[http://WWW.ERC.MsState.Edu/labs/icdcrl/mpi++/index.html]

 

MPI-RGL
The MPI Regular Grid Library that provides a usability layer for parallelizing a code whose data structures are regular grids. Simple functions are provided to take care of domain decomposition, exchange of information across boundaries, and loop index modification. The source code is available as well as some examples written in C, Fortran and Fortran 90. [http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~broker/mpi_rgl/]

 

MPI-2 C++
A set of C++ bindings for MPI-2 that builds on top of standard MPI distributions. A source code distribution is available. [http://www.cse.nd.edu/~lsc/research/mpi2c++/software.html]

 

MPIX
A set of extensions to the MPI message passing library which allows which previously worked only with intracommunicators to work with intercommunicators. The extensions include increased support for intercommunicator construction, collective operations, and topologies. These extensions may be included in the MPI-2 standard. MPIX is currently (5/97) available in beta release. [http://www.erc.msstate.edu/mpi/mpix.html]

 

MPP
A Movie PreProcessor which prepares a set of images for inclusion into a movie. It was written to allow for the processing of heterogeneous material (i.e. images with different sizes, image formats, etc.) into a homogeneous set of frame files. The capabilities of MPP include: conversion of images from different formats into a single common format (with automatic recognition of many formats); creation of empty frames of any color; pasting text into frames to create titles; pasting other images into frames; and multiplicating a single frame to have it incorporated several times in a movie. MPP is written in Perl 5 and requires both the Pbmplus library and the mpeg_encode program in the BMT distribution. It is documented in a man page include in the distribution.

[http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/~dominik/Tools/]

 

MPQC
The Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry program computes the properties of molecules, ab initio, on a wide variety of computer architectures. MPQC can compute closed shell and general restricted open-shell Hartree-Fock energies and gradients, second-order open-shell perturbation theory and Z-averaged perturbation theory energies as well as second-order closed-shell Moller-Plesset perturbation theory energies and gradients. It includes a robust internal coordinate geometry optimizer that efficiently optimizes molecules with many degrees of freedom. It was designed using object-oriented programming techniques and implemented in C++. The class hierarchy of MPQC is divided into three main parts. The utility classes include: Debugger, which handles catastrophic errors; MessageGrp, which provides a mechanism for moving data and objects between nodes in a parallel machine; ProcMessageGrp, which provides a single processor version of MessageGrp; ThreadGrp, which provides a method of manipulating multiple threads in a single address space; and several others. The math classes include: SCMatrixKit, an abstract class which acts as a factory for matrix production; Function, which computes the value and derivatives of a function; EFCopt, which implements eigenvector following; DIIS, which provides DIIS extrapolation; QNewtonOpt, which implements a quasi-Newton optimization scheme; LineOpt, which performs one dimensional optimizations; and several others. The chemistry classes include: Molecule, which contains information about molecules; IntCoor, which describes the internal coordinate of a molecule; BendSimpleCo, which describes a bend internal coordinate of a molecule; Integral, which acts as a factory to provide objects that compute one and two electron integrals; LinIPSimpleCo, which describes an in-plane component of a linear bend internal coordinate of a molecule; and several more.

A source code distribution of MPQC is available. It can be used on UNIX workstations of various types (e.g. Linux Intel, IBM RS/6000, and SGI IRIX), on symmetric multiprocessors, and on massively parallel machines. The documentation includes user's and programmer's manuals.

[http://www.chem.limitpt.com/mpqc/]

 

MPSQL
An SQL GUI client for PostgresSQL which is somewhat similar to Oracle's Server Manager motif worksheet or Microshaft's Windows-based SQL server iSQL. The features of MPSQL include: execution of multiple SQL statements or one of many by highlighting, working with multiple buffers, opening/saving buffers from/to files, cutting/copying/pasting between buffers, spooling query output to a file, spooling data in several formats, printing buffers, and saving application options to a startup file. A source code distribution is available as is a statically linked binary based on PostgresSQL 6.3.

[http://www.troubador.com/~keidav/downloads.html]

 

MrEd
A GUI development engine that incorporates the portable GUI class library of wxWindows as well as an extended Scheme implementation called MzScheme. It also includes extensions to the wxWindows C++ classes called wxMedia that support high-level editor and pasteboard objects. This package is appropriate for developing any scheme-based application which needs a graphical interface, especially one that needs to be portable or needs sophisticated text or graphics manipulation. This differs from the similar STk Scheme GUI package in that it is more suitable for large-scale application development, the Scheme implementation is directly connected to the GUI toolbox, it is more portable, its object scheme is minimalist, the Scheme interpreter provides pre-emptive threads, it doesn't have the large set process and socket facilities of STK (although it does provide the interprocess communication tools from wxWindows), and it provides a powerful editor class.

MrEd runs under the X Windows, Windows and Mac windowing systems (due to the portability of the wxWindows package), and applications developed are completely portable among these platforms. The source code is available along with binaries for Sun, SGI, IBM RS6000, Linux, FreeBSD, Windows 32, NT, and 95, and Mac PowerPC and 68K platforms. The documentation includes a user manual for MrEd as well as manuals for the various components thereof in several different printable formats.

[http://www.cs.rice.edu/CS/PLT/packages/mred/index.html]

 

MRT
The Multi-Threaded Routing Toolkit has been used to build a wide variety of tools ranging from production Internet and 6bone routing daemons to BGP fault-injection and traffic generation test packages. MRT uses novel approaches to routing architecture design and incorporates features like parallel lightweight processes, multiple processor support, and shared memory. The object-oriented, modular design facilitates the rapid addition and prototyping of experimental routing protocol and inter-domain policy algorithms. It can run on multi-threaded architectures or run in emulation mode on non-thread capable operating systems. The MRT packages contains both routing and network performance measurement tools. The routing tools include: The network performance and statistics tools are:

A source code distribution of MRT is available as are binaries for several platforms including Linux Intel. It has been compiled and tested on 2.0.27 and 2.1.63 kernels and provides IPv6 support for kernel 2.1.63. Documentation includes an installation guide, a user's guide and a programmer's guide.

[http://www.merit.edu/research.and.development/mrt/html/]

 

MRTG
The Multi Router Traffic Grapher is a tool to monitor the traffic load on network links. MRTG consists of a Perl script that uses SNMP to read the traffic counters of a router and a C program that logs the data and creates graphs representing the traffic on the monitored connection. Installation and use also requires Perl 5.003 or later and the gd graphics library. [http://ee-staff.ethz.ch/ oetiker/webtools/mrtg/mrtg.html]

 

MR Toolkit
The Minimum Reality Toolkit is a set of software tools for the production of virtual reality systems and other forms of 3-D user interfaces. MR consists of a set of subroutine libraries, device drivers, support programs, and a language for describing geometry and behavior, all of which combine to provide a device independent and portable platform for the development of VR applications. Tools for developing virtual environments include the Object Modeling Language (OML), a 3-D modeler (JDCAD+), and an Environmental Manager (EM) for running multi-user networked applications. MR provides device drivers for several 3-D trackers including Ascension Technology Bird and Flock of Birds;, Logitech 2D/6D mice; Polhemus Isotrak, Isotrak II, Tracker and FASTRAK; Shooting Star ADL-1, Spacetec Spaceball, and a Motif pseudo-tracker. Head-mounted displays supported include VPL EyePhone 1, Virtual I/O I . Glasses, Virtual Research Flight Helmet and EyeGen 3, and General Reality CyberEye. Supported gloves include the VPL DataGlove and Virtual Technologies CyberGlove. MR also includes a Panel Package which is used with a glove to interact with buttons, menus, sliders and text on a 2-D rectangle in 3-D space as well as a Peer Package which allows intelligent multi-person VR interaction.

The current (7/97) version of the MR Toolkit is callable from C, C++ and Fortran programs on HP, SGI, DEC, and IBM RS6000 workstations, with some elements also working on Suns, Alphas, and other UNIX platforms. Quite a bit of documentation in PostScript format is available online. There are commercial and freely available versions of MR, with the latter available upon filling out a license form and returning it via snailmail.

[http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~graphics/MRToolkit.html]

 

MSG
Message-passing tools for Structured Grid communications is an MPI-based library intended to simplify the coding of data exchange within the Fortran 77 codes performing data transfers on distributed Cartesian grids. The main goal of the MSG library is to conceal the explicit send/receive operations and provide a means to place the boundary data into local arrays. These tools can be used in finite-difference, finite-volume, or finite-element codes. The MSG kit is intended to assist in the efficient and uniform implementation of domain decomposition type solvers on distributed memory platforms and can be used with any other MPI-based library. The source code for the MSG library is available. It is written in Fortran to be used with the MPI message passing library. A user's guide is available in PostScript format.

[http://www.CERCA.UMontreal.CA/~malevsky/MSG/MSG.html]

 

MSIX
The Metered Service Information eXchange is an open protocol designed to enable ISPs and carriers to effectively meter usage and charge for value-added services. It provides a common interface for Internet applications to easily exchange detailed usage information with network pricing, billing and management servers. There is no known implementation of this for Linux as of 7/98. [http://www.msix.org/]

 

MSLib
The MultiScale Library is a package containing routines for: basic linear algebra for vector/matrix calculations, solving linear systems, creating data structures for refinable functions and wavelets, the construction of divergence free wavelets, the construction of wavelet-based trial spaces that fulfill LBB, the evaluation of integrals and derivatives of refinable functions, the setup of the corresponding stiffness matrices, multiscale transformations, multiscale preconditioning for PCG methods, and the solution of driven cavity flow for the Stokes problem. The source code can be obtained by first sending an email message requesting a username and password to an address given at the site. [ftp://www.igpm.rwth-aachen.de/pub/urban/html/progs.html]

 

mSQL
A mini Standard Query Language is a database designed to provide fast access to stored data with low memory requirements. It allows a program or user to store, manipulate, and retrieve data in table structures but does not support relational capabilities such as table joins, views or nested queries. It supports a subset of SQL as its query interface, with SQL being the standard language adopted for relational database systems. The mSQL package is bundled with the following programs: msqld, the database server; msqladmin, which handles administrative details such as creation of databases; msql, the monitor which provides a user interface for making queries; msqldump, which dumps a database in ASCII format such that the entire database can be re-created from the dump file; and relshow, the schema viewer that shows table details for a given database. Several third party packages have been created to work with mSQL. These include packages to allow it to work with Emacs, Perl, Python, REXX, Tcl, Java and other programs or systems.

The package includes the database engine, a terminal monitor program, a database administration program, a schema viewer, and a C language API, with the engine and the API having been designed to work in a client/server environment over a TCP/IP network. The source code is available and should compile and install, via a configure file, on most generic UNIX systems. See the mSQL FAQ for further details.

[ftp://bond.edu.au/pub/Minerva/msql/]

 

MSWordView
A program that can convert Microshaft Word 8 binary files into HTML files. The features of MSWordView include: A source code distribution of MSWordView. It is written in C and also requires Perl.

[http://www.csn.ul.ie/~caolan/docs/MSWordView.html]

 

mtekscan
A Linux driver for MicroTek ScanMaker SCSI scanners. It was developed to support the ScanMaker E6 but works with other MicroTek and compatible scanners. It has been tested with the ScanMaker E3, II, IIXE, III, and 35t models as well as with Adara ImageStar I and Genius ColorPage-SP2 scanners. The mtekscan program is a command line utility which provides control of many of the scanner's setting, e.g. scanning mode, resolution, brightness, exposure time, shadow adjustment, halftone pattern selection, and gamma tables. The scanned images are written to a file in PBM/PGM/PPM format or can be written to stdout for further processing with xv or NetPBM. [http://fb4-1112.uni-muenster.de/ffwd/ffwd_mtekscan.html]

 

MTL
The Meta-Transport Library is a collection of C++ base classes that encapsulates common communications protocol components (e.g. a unit for information exchange, data structures, a processing mechanism, a mechanism to construct outgoing packets, and a mechanism to handle service requests) into a single class library, with specific transport protocols derived from the MTL classes. A particular protcol, such as XTP, is instantiated through derived classes whose protocol-specific member functions implement the protocol procedures. The main classes that comprise MTL are:

A source code distribution of MTL is available. The code can be compiled on and installation is support for several compiler/OS combinations including GCC 2.6.3 or newer and Linux Intel. It is documented in a reference manual and a user's guide, both available in PostScript format.

[http://www.ca.sandia.gov/xtp/mtl/mtl.html]

 

MTM
A set of subroutines in ANSI-C for performing multiple taper spectrum estimation. There is also an explanatory paper in the directory that serves as a users guide. [http://love.geology.yale.edu/~lees/mtm/]

 

MTM-SVD
A package implementing an algorithm for climate signal detection and reconstruction. The MTM-SVD approach allows for the detection of irregular spatiotemporal oscillatory signals immersed in spatially-correlated colored noise with optimal signal detection properties, an evolutive approach to detecting intermittent and/or frequency-modulated spatiotemporal oscillations, and the reconstruction of spatial and temporal patterns of oscillatory climate signals. A source code distribution of the MTM-SVD package is available. It is written in Fortran 77 and includes a synthetic test dataset. Documentation is contained within several technical papers available in PostScript format. [http://www.geo.umass.edu/climate/mike/mtmsvd.html]

 

mtools
A collection of utilities for accessing MS-DOS disks from UNIX without mounting them. It supports Windows 95 long file names, OS/2 Xdf disks, and 2m disks. The tools in mtools include: mattrib, used to changed MS-DOS file attribute flags; mbadblocks, used to scan an MS-DOS floppy disk and mark its unused bad blocks as bad; mcd, used to change the working directory on the MS-DOS disk; mcopy, used to copy MS-DOS files to and from UNIX; mdel, used to delete an MS-DOS file; mdeltree, used to delete an MS-DOS directory tree; mdir, used to display the contents of an MS-DOS directory; mformat, used to add an MS-DOS file system to a low-level formatted diskette; mkmanifest, used to create a shell script to restore UNIX filenames; minfo, used to print the parameters of a MS-DOS filesystem; mlabel, used to add a volume label to a disk; mmd, used to make an MS-DOS subdirectory; mmount, used to mount an MS-DOS disk; mmove, used to move or rename an existing MS-DOS file or subdirectory; mpartition, used to create MS-DOS filesystems as partitions; mrd, used to remove an MS-DOS subdirectory; mren, used to rename or move an existing MS-DOS file or subdirectory; mtoolstest, used to test the mtools configuration files; mtype, used to display the contents of an MS-DOS file; mzip, used to issue ZIP disk specific commands; and xcopy, used to recursively copy one directory to another.

The mtools distribution includes the source code and a configuration file suitable for installing the software on most generic UNIX systems. It is documented in man pages as well as in a user's manual in Texinfo format.

[http://wauug.erols.com/pub/knaff/mtools/]

 

MtScript
A multi-lingual text editor developed within the MULTEXT Project that allows the use of several different writing systems in the same document. It provides typical editing functions (e.g. insertion, delete, etc.) that allow the interspersing of left-to-right and right-to-left writing systems. It also allows the user the explicitly associate portions of the text with a particular language and to associate keyboarding rules with any language. MtScript can also handle different types of character sets (e.g. single-byte, multiple-byte, etc.). MtScript currently (3/97) supports Arabic, Bulgarian, Chinese (GB and BIG5), Czech, Dutch, English, Estonian, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Romanian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish and Ukrainian, with more to come. The character sets it currently supports are ISO-8859-1 through ISO-8859-8, GB-2312-80, BIG5-0, JISX-0208-1983-0, and KSC-5601-1987-0.

MtScript is presently available in binary form for Sun Solaris and Linux (Intel) platforms upon agreeing to certain usage conditions. It was developed on a Sun UNIX platform using C, X11, and Tcl/Tk. Also required are several font sets available separately from the distribution, although the MtScript site has links to each of them. The documentation is currently in the form of HTML that can be accessed from within the program.

[http://www.lpl.univ-aix.fr/projects/multext/MtScript/]

 

MtSgmlQL
An interpreter for the SGML query language SgmlQL developed by the MULTEXT Project . The SgmlQL language is a functional language based on SQL which enables complex operations on SGML documents. The capabilities include: extraction of parts of an SGML document that satisfy given criteria; tests, counts, and various other computations on SGML elements in a document; and construction of new elements and documents using the results of queries. MtSgmlQL is available in binary form for Sun Solaris and Linux (Intel) platforms upon agreeing to certain usage conditions. The documentation is contained within the distribution and also available online. [http://www.lpl.univ-aix.fr/projects/multext/MtSgmlQL/]

 

M2000
An emulator for the P2000 home computer. A source code version for Linux Intel platforms is available which includes SVGALib and X drivers. [http://www.komkon.org/~dekogel/m2000.html]

 

MTX
A Perl program for creating Web documents from plain text documents. [http://www.med.ufl.edu/medinfo/mtx/]

 

MUDPACK
A collection of Fortran routines that use multigrid iteration to approximate the solution to 2- and 3-D real and complex linear elliptic PDEs on rectangular domains with any combination of periodic, specified, or mixed derivative boundary conditions. This isn't directly available via the Web but must be requested from the author. [ftp://ftp.ucar.edu/dsl/lib/mudpack/]

 

Muffin
A filtering proxy server for the Web which can filter anything sent between a Web browsers and a server. The filters are add-on modules loaded at runtime. Several example filters are included as are ReplyFilter, RequestFilter, and ContentFilter APIs. The example filters include: AnimationKiller, which kills GIF89a animations by either limiting the number of loops or turning them into broken images; CookieMonster, which removes HTTP cookie headers; Logger, which keeps a log of accessed URLs; Referer, which changes the HTTP referer header to any URL or one chosen from a list; SecretAgent, which changes a the HTTP User-Agent header to any Web browser of one chosen from a list; SecretServer, which changes the HTTP Server header; Snoop, which views all HTTP headers; and Stats, which maintains various statistics about an HTTP session. A source code distribution of Muffin is available. It is written in Java and requires JDK version 1.1 or more to work. Browsers must be configured to use Muffin as a proxy server. It is documented in ASCII files included in the distribution.

[http://muffin.doit.org/]

 

MuLaW
A non-WYSIWYG authoring system for Web sites and HTML page hierarchies which addresses the problems of multilingual information presentation, hierarchical information presentation, and unified layout which are often encountered when creating large and/or sophisticated Web sites. MuLaW takes a file with enhanced HTML markup as input and produces pure HTML files. It is a browser- and server-independent stand-alone program. The source code for MuLaW, written in Java (so the JDK or an equivalent is needed to use it), is available. Documentation is available in the form of a user's guide in PostScript format.

[http://www-c.informatik.uni-hannover.de/%7Edh/mulaw/]

 

MULCON
A Fortran program for MULtiple shooting for parameter-dependent two-point boundary value problems with a CONtinuation method. MULCON solves such problems using numerical path following with automatic steplength control. The Fortran source code for this is documented via comment statements within the code itself. This is part of CodeLib. [ftp://elib.zib.de/pub/elib/codelib/mulcon/]

 

MULE
The MULtilingual Enhancement to GNU Emacs which can handle not only 7 bit ASCII and 8 bit ISO Latin-1 characters but also Japanese, Chinese, and Korean characters coded in the ISO-2022 standard and its variants. There is Chinese support for both GB and Big5 as well as support for Thai (based on TIS620), Vietnamese (based on VISCII and VSCII), Arabic, and Ethiopian. Text buffers in MULE can contain mixtures of characters from any of these languages which can be input using various provided methods. It can also be used under a terminal emulator along with any input methods provided by the emulator. Different coding systems can be set for file input/output, keyboard input, and inter-process communication. A program called m2ps is supplied which converts MULE's text to PostScript using BDF files for getting glyphs of characters. There is also a program coco for converting codes supplied by MULE. A source code distribution of MULE is available which can be installed on most if not all platforms on which Emacs can be installed. It is documented via the usual Texinfo files as well as via some technical and conference papers available in PostScript format.

[ftp://ftp.cs.buffalo.edu/pub/mule/]
[ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/misc/mule/ ]
[ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/gnu/emacs/mule/ ]

 

multicast
See MBone.

 

Multics
The ancestor of the UNIX operating system. See Organick (1975).

 

multigrid algorithms
Programs that implement some sort of multigrid algorithm include:

 

multikit
A distributed, multicast-based directory browser that, similar to a file system browser, displays one or more multicast directories each containing announcements that have been multicast over the MBone. Multikit can be used to find out information about the events to which the announcements refer and can also enable a user to participate in an event. It can be thought of as an interactive program guide for Internet multicast services, although it also allows a user to create announcements and create and organize directories. Distributions of multikit are available for several platforms including Linux Intel. [http://www.lvn.com/multikit/]

 

MultiTrack
A multitrack recorder for Linux which records to the hard drive. It can record and play back up to sixteen tracks with no limit other than the available space on the drive. It has a user friendly interface for the manipulation and play back of the recorded tracks. The interface will work with either SVGAlib or X11 and includes such features a volume and pan sliders and a CD player interface. It was constructed using the SVGAGUI package. Other features of MultiTrack include import and export of WAV format files, modifying track lengths, adding or removing tracks from existing files, tone generation, effect modules for delay and equalizing, a help browser, and more. A binary version of MultiTrack is available for Linux Intel systems. The author plans to make the source code available. The program is documented in various files scattered about the site.

[http://rulhmpc38.leidenuniv.nl/private/multitrack/multitrack.html]

 

multiwm
An interactive Bash script for choosing a window manager before starting the X Window System. Multiwm allows a user at startup to choose either a default window manager (as chosen by the system administrator) or another one from those available on the system (as also chosen by the sysadmin). The user may also be asked to choose a configuration type for some managers. This script will remove some configuration files from the user's home directory and replace them with others appropriate to the chosen manager, so backup versions of any such files should be created. [http://www.cc.jyu.fi/~juhtolv/multiwm/]

 

MUMPS
The Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi Programming System is a procedural, interpreted general-purpose programming language oriented towards database applications. The features of MUMPS (also called M) include: untyped variables which are automatically converted between numeric and string types; multi-dimensional associative arrays; persistent variables; good string handling capabilities; indirection, i.e. it can use strings computed at runtime as part of the program text; and built-in multiuser/multitasking support. It was originally used for medical records but is now used more widely where multiple users access the same databases simultaneously. The given URL links to a freely available implementation of MUMPS which is available in binary format for Linux Intel, Sun Solaris, Windows 95/NT, and OS/2 platforms. This implmentation can work either in standalone mode or as a CGI script on the Web. A user's manual is available in HTML format. It also serves as the basis for a CGI compatible script language called Merle available at the same site.

Additional information about MUMPS can be obtained at the Web site of the MUMPS Development Committee , including an extensive MUMPS FAQ. There is a Usenet group called comp.lang.mumps . [http://www.cs.uni.edu/~okane]  

MuPAD
A system for symbolic and numeric computation, parallel mathematical programming, and mathematical visualization. It is intended to be a general purpose computer algebra system a la Mathematica or Reduce, and consists of a small kernel written in C and libraries written in the native MuPAD programming language, both of which are machine independent. There is a terminal-based user interface as well as GUIs for UNIX and Mac platforms. Currently there are library packages for linear algebra, polynomial factorization, integration, number theory, typechecking, and various other tasks, and users are encouraged to write and make available their own. Plots can be created in 2- and 3-D and displayed interactively as well as saved in ASCII, binary, raster, GIF or PostScript formats. MuPAD has a functional programming language with procedural extensions and Pascal-like syntax, and an increasing number of parallel constructs are available. Dynamic modules are also supported (on systems that support such things) where users can implement algorithms in C (and eventually C++) which are compiled and directly linked to the kernel at runtime. This allows an increase in both speed and flexibility over the traditional library concept. Various manuals are available in German and English and in hardcopy and online hypertext versions.

Binaries are available for Mac and Windows systems as well as several UNIX flavors including DEC Alpha and Ultrix, HP, IBM RS600, Sun SPARC, SGI Indy, FreeBSD, Linux and NetBSD. The available version is a full-featured demo with limitied memory usage, a limitation which can be unlocked with a key sent by e-mail once you have filled out and returned a license to the developers by e- or snail-mail.

[http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/MuPAD/]
[ftp://ftp.inria.fr/lang/MuPAD/ ]

 

Mumail
A full-featured X Window mail reader, i.e. a mail user agent (MUA). The features of Mumail include: full support for mail aliases, MIME support, configurable mouse and key bindings, and the capability of attaching actions to custom buttons calld QuickKeys. A source code version of Mumail is available as is a binary version for Linux Intel platforms. It can be compiled and installed using either the supplied imakefile or the makefile. It is documented in an extensive man page.

[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/mail/mua/]

 

MUSH
The Mail User's SHell is a mail user agent (MUA) designed to manage mail on most UNIX systems. It can be used to read mail, sort it, edit it, delete it, or use it to act as an interface to send mail to others via a mail transport agent (MTA). MUSH was originally designed to use sendmail as an MTA but it can be configured to use others. The last official version of MUSH was 7.2.5, although various upgrades in the form of diff files can be found at the MUSH home site. A diff file for compiling MUSH on Linux platforms can be found at the Linux repositories. This package is documented in an extensive man page.

[ftp://cse.ogi.edu/pub/mush/]
[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/mail/mua/ ]

 

MusicTeX
A TeX-based system to typeset music. [http://www.gmd.de/Misc/Music/]

 

MusiXTeX
A TeX-based system to typeset music. [http://www.gmd.de/Misc/Music/]

 

Mutt
A e-mail client developed by one of the folks involved in the original development of Elm. This incorporates features from Elm, Pine and even the Slrn newsreader which might give you a clue as to the origin of its name. This includes no editor and thus any favorite editor can be used with it. It can also fetch mail from a POP server. Mutt features include: It also uses the same message format (mailx) as does Elm, thus easing the transition.

The source code is available and includes complete documentation. It has been compiled on most UNIX platforms including Linux Intel.

[http://www.cs.hmc.edu/~me/mutt/index.html]

 

MV++
A small, efficient set of concrete vector and simple matrix C++ classes specifically designed for high performance numerical computing. The package includes interfaces to the computational kernels found in BLAS. The various MV++ classes form the building blocks of large user-level libraries such as SparseLib++ and LAPACK++. MV++ was designed to exhibit performance competitive with optimized Fortran kernels, require minimal overhead in constructing, assigning, and copying vectors and matrices, have data structure compatibility with Fortran libraries and subroutines, and support generic element types through templated parameters. The features of MV++ include: two basic classes, i.e. a numerical vector and column oriented dense matrix; efficient indexing as fast as native C arrays; support for only unit strides (for efficient indexing); copy-by-value semantics; optional share semantics which allows vectors to be constructed as views of references of an existing memory; vector views which can assign and reference sections of a vector but cannot modify their size; block-range indexing; optional range checking; support for both [] and () style indexing; unrolling of loops for copying and assigning vectors; the function code for the () and [] operators has been inlined into the class declaration (for compilers that refuse to inline otherwise); and optional share semantics which allow one to construct vectors as views of any contiguous C array.

The source code for MV++, written in C++ of course, is available and can be used with g++. A user's guide in either PostScript or HTML format is available.

[http://math.nist.gov/mv++]

 

MWMOD
The MicroWave MODel is a radiative transfer code for microwave frequencies. It is written in Fortran and designed to compute brightness temperatures for the microwave spectral region. MWMOD consists of three modules: ENVGEN, which generates environmental quantities such as temperatures, salinity, and densities for the atmosphere, ocean, and ice; IAPGEN, which computes interaction parameters from the environmental data, e.g. the surface reflectivities from from the bistatic reflection coefficients and the optical depths from the absorption and scatter coefficients; and RADTRA, which solves the equation of radiative transfer from the previously calculated interaction parameters. A source code distribution of MWMOD is available. It is written in Fortran and can be compiled using g77. Its use is documented in a manual available in PostScript format.

[http://www.ifm.uni-kiel.de/me/research/Projekte/RemSens/SourceCodes/source.html]

 

MW3
See Motif.

 

Mx
Mx is a combination of a matrix algebra interpreter and a numerical optimizer. It enables exploration of matrix algebra through a variety of operations and functions. There are many built-in fit functions to enable structural equation modeling and other types of statistical modeling of data. It offers the fitting fuctions found in commercial software such as LISREL, LISCOMP, EQS and CALIS, along with facilities for maximum likelihood estimation of parameters from missing data structures, under normal theory. Complex `nonstandard' models are easy to specify. For further general applicability, it allows the user to define their own fit functions, and optimization may be performed subject to linear and nonlinear equality or boundary constraints. Binary executables of Mx are available for MS-DOS/Windows, Linux ELF, AIX, HP-UX, DEC Alpha, SGI IRIX, SunOS, NeXT, VAX/VMS, DEC Ultrix, and Alpha-AXP systems. The documentation is available in a user's guide in PostScript format.

[http://griffin.vcu.edu/mx/]

 

MXENTRP
A package of Fortran 77 subroutines for computing maximum entropy spectral estimates of time series data. This package contains a program called BURG which computes the coefficients of a finite length causal forward or backward prediction filter and uses both the forward and backward predictions in a symmetric manner to generate the maximum entropy spectrum by means of a Toeplitz recursion. This package is available as source code written in Fortran 77. It is documented via comment statements contained within the source code file. See Silvia and Robinson (1979).

[http://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/public/computing/general/statlib/cmlib/]

 

mysql
A small, fast and capable relational database (RDB) in the traditional of the Mini SQL database, although it is not based on the latter. SQL stands for Structured Query Language, a language designed for interacting with relational databases. Thus, mysql is basically a free SQL database server. The features of mysql include multiple-threading, a join optimizer with one pass multi-join, fixed and variable length records, an ODBC driver, a flexible privilege and password system, up to 16 keys per table, support for primary key fields, support for many data types, a C and Perl API, a fast thread-based malloc system, a fast table check and repair utility, aliases on tables and columns, and much more.

The source code and binary versions of mysql are available as is the source code for several useful ancillary programs. The documentation is available in both HTML and PostScript formats. There is a mysql mailing list that can be joined.

[http://www.tcx.se/]

 

MzScheme
An R4RS Scheme interpreter. This is an extended version designed to be embedded into applications that need Scheme as an extension language, e.g. it is easy to link C/C++ applications to MzScheme and add new primitive procedures. MzScheme also includes an object system loosely based on C++ that allows C++ classes to be made available within MzScheme. This also supports pre-emptive threads of Scheme evaluation and is extensible via procedures implemented in dynamically loaded C/C++ object code. MzScheme is available only in binary form for several platforms, including Linux (in a.out format). The documentation includes a reference manual and a manual for embedding and extending MzScheme in several printable formats. [http://www.cs.rice.edu/CS/PLT/packages/mzscheme/
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Next: Na-Nm Up: Linux Software Encyclopedia Previous: Ma-Mm
Steven K. Baum
7/16/1998