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Nn-Nz

Last checked or modified: Nov. 3, 1996

NN: A Usenet news reader featuring:

menu-based article selection with the articles sorted according to subject and posting time;

automatic splitting of digests;

full folder support includin reading, saving and deleting individual articles;

help and a manual online;

built-in unshar and patch functionality;

built-in uudecode functionality;

remapping of key bindings with advanced macro definition features;

automatic kill and selection of articles based on subject or author;

user-specified presentation sequence of news groups;

unsubscribing to entire classes of news groups; and

merging related groups and presenting them as a single group.

A source code distribution is available.
[http://www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/nn/]
NNES: A Fortran package for solving nonlinear equations with simple bound constraints. The documentation is contained within a 100+ page user's manual in PostScript format in the same directory as the software package.
[http://www.netlib.org/opt/index.html]
NNFit: The Neural Network-based data Fitting package allows the development of empirical nonlinear correlations via the use of an artificial neural network model, i.e. the multilayered Perceptron. This nonlinear regression software enables the user to find relationships between a set of input variables and a set of output variables given a set of relevant experimental data. The quality of the models obtained depend on the relevance and quality of the available data.
NNFit distributions are available in precompiled binary format for IBM AIX, Digital UNIX, HP-UX, Linux Intel, SGI IRIX, and Sun SunOS platforms. A user's manual is available in HTML and PostScript formats.
[http://web.gch.ulaval.ca/~nnfit/]
NNSYSID: A set of Matlab tools for neural network based identification of nonlinear dynamic systems. NNSYSID contains a number of m and MEX files for the training and evaluation of multilayer perceptron type neural networks. There are functions for training ordinary feedforward networks as well as for the identification of nonlinear dynamic systems for time series analysis. This requires Matlab 4.2 or 5 and the signal processing toolbox.
[http://www.iau.dtu.dk/research/control/nnsysid.html]
NN-TK: A version of the NN newsreader with a Tk-based interface. This provides all of the functionality of NN as well as:

a scrolling panel for displaying articles;

article selection via mouse;

group selection using either a scrolling panel or cascading menus;

a display of the reference thread structure which can be used for selecting articles;

a GUI interface for automatically killing and selecting articles;

balloon help; and

an interface to exmh.

A source code distribution is available.
[http://www.general.uwa.edu.au/u/toivo/nn-tk/]
NOCOL: The Network Operation Center On-Line/NetConsole software is a network monitoring package which runs on UNIX platforms and is capable of monitoring network and system variables such as ICMP or RPC reachability, RMON variables, nameservers, Ethernet load, port reachability, host performance, SNMP traps, modem line usage, Appletalk and Novell routes/services, BGP peers, and more. It is built to be extensible with the process of adding new monitors straightforward. It consists of several individual, standalone monitoring agents which poll various network and system parameters and put the results into a common data format used by a common display and postprocessing interface (which uses the Ncurses screen management package for portability). This design allows running only one set of monitoring agents and any number of display agents. Each event can also be assigned a severity with levels ranging from info through critical.
The monitoring agents included in NOCOL are:

an IP ICMP monitor using IP multiping,

an OSI reachability monitor using OSI ping,

an RPC portmapper monitor using rpcping,

an Ethernet load monitor for both bandwidth and pps,

a TCP port monitor,

a UNIX host performance monitor (for disks, memory, swap, load, etc.),

a SNMP variables monitor (RMON, Cisco router, terminal server),

a TCP data throughput monitor,

a nameserver monitor,

a SNMP traps monitor,

a BGP peer status monitor, and

monitors for Appletalk routes (for Cisco routers) and Novell services.

A Perl interface is also available for developing additional monitors using Perl.
A source code distribution of NOCOL is available. It is written in C and Perl and can be compiled and used on most UNIX flavors. Documentation is included in the distribution.
[http://www.netplex-tech.com/software/nocol/]
NoSQL: A fast and portable relational database management system (DBMS) without arbitrary limits that runs under most UNIX systems. This uses an Operator/Stream DBMS model wherein a number of operators each perform a unique function on the data, with successive functions concatenated via the UNIX pipe function. A source code distribution is available.
[http://www.linux.it/~carlos/nosql/]
NOWEB: A literate programming tool designed to be as simple as possible. It is simple, extensible, and language-independent. It works out of the box with any programming language, and supports TeX, LaTeX and HTML back ends. It also contains a simple LaTeX-to-HTML converter. The October 1997 issue of the Linux Journal contains an article about NOWEB. See Ramsey (1994).
[http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~nr/noweb/intro.html]
npasswd: A replacement for the UNIX passwd command that stringently screens new passwords to decrease the chance of them being vulnerable to guessing programs like Crack. It addresses some common deficiencies in standard password changing programs and also supports local passwd and shadow files, NIS maps, and enhanced security shadow databases. This also replaces the UNIX chfn and chsh commands. The programs in the package include:

checkpassword, which checks passwords for guessability by subjecting them to various suitability tests;

history_admin, which maintains the password history database used by npasswd to control password reuse;

npasswd, which changes the login password, login shell or finger information for a user; and

makedict, which builds the hashed dictionaries used by npasswd.

A library containing all of the functionality of the checkpassword program is included which can be linked into other applications. A source code distribution is available.
[http://www.utexas.edu/cc/unix/software/npasswd/]
NPS: The name of this has been changed to pth.
NR: A Tcl/Tk-based graphical newsreader that supports multiple fonts and colors, MIME display of articles, true threading, multiple groups at one time, multiple newsgroup profiles, news filtering, the Grouplens collaborative filtering architecture, and more. It is presently (10/95) in the Alpha stage with a Beta test version available "soon".
[http://www.cs.umn.edu/~herlocke/nr/nr.html]
NRL IPv6/IPsec: A reference implementation of IPv6 and IPsec. This includes kernel networking software and system configuration applications modified to support both IPv6 and IPsec. An implementation of a Key Engine (i.e. PF_KEY) and an interface for it are also included. This is currently (2/99) considered a hacker's release as it is insufficiently complete for regular usage. Documentation is mostly via man pages.
[http://sunsite.org.uk/computing/internet/ripe/ipv6/nrl/]
nroff: See Groff.
NS: The Network Simulator is a discrete event simulator targeted at networking research that provides substantial support for the simulation of TCP, routing and multicast protocols. NS is an extensible simulation engine implemented in C++ and uses an object-oriented version of Tcl called OTcl. The simulator is invoked via an ns interpreter which is an extension of the OTcl otclsh command shell. Simulations are defined by OTcl scripts that use the Simulator Class as an interface to the simulation engine. Using the methods in this class a network topology is defined, traffic sources and sinks configured, the simulation is run, and statistics are collected.
A source code distribution of NS is available. Compilation and full usage requires several other packages including (besides those already mentioned) XGraph, Perl, tcl-debug and dmalloc. Quite a bit of documentation is available in various formats.
[http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/]
[http://www-nrg.ee.lbl.gov/ns/]
[http://titan.cs.uni-bonn.de/~greis/ns/ns.html]

CMU Extended NS

A set of extensions to the NS network simulator that enable it to accurately simulate mobile nodes connected by wireless network interfaces including the ability to simulate multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks. The features of CMU Extended NS include:

mobile nodes with programmable trajectories;

a complete implementation of the IEEE 802.11 DCF MAC protocol;

a complete implementation of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP);

implementations of the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) multi-hop ad hoc network routing protocols;

a wireless network interface modeling the Lucent WaveLAN DSSS radio;

modeling of signal attenuation, collision and capture;

two ray ground reflection radio propagation model;

a visualization tool for creating scenario files and playing back simulation traces; and

trace analysis scripts for protocol evaluation.

A source code distribution is available which is documented in a technical report available in PostScript format.
[http://www.monarch.cs.cmu.edu/cmu-ns.html]
NSAPY: An extension to the Netscape HTTP server that embeds Python within the server using the NSAPI protocol. NSAPY allows you to write real NSAPI applications using Python.
[http://www.ispol.com/home/grisha/nsapy/nsapy.html]
NSBD: The Not-So-Bad Distribution is an open WWW-based authenticating software distribution system. It adds two things to simple web downloads: authentication of package maintainers with digital signatures and a means of checking for updates to the packages and automatically downloading and installing the updates. NSBD uses PGP for authentication. The single packages handles the operations of both maintainers and uses of packages.
The operation of NSBD by maintainers entails them making the package available at some site, creating a NSBD Package Description (NPD) file which describes the package, and running NSBD interactively with the NPD file to indicate that the package has been approved. This creates an NSB file containing the URLs for all files in the package, message digests for each file, and digital signature created by PGP for the whole file. The NSB file is made available. A user selects the URL of a NSB file to invoke NSBD with the register option, an act which opens a window from which the package can be registered and installed. NSBD is then run with the poll option periodically to check for changes to the NSB file. This process assures the user that only updates from the authorized maintainer will be automatically installed since only the authorized maintainer controls the PGP private key.
Binary distributions for the NSBD system are available for Linux Intel, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, and Sun SunOS and Solaris systems. A source code distribution is also available which requires Tcl 7.6 and Tk 4.2 for installation. It is documented via a man page.
[http://www.bell-labs.com/project/nsbd/]
NSC2KE: A finite-volume Galerkin solver for computing 2-D and axisymmetric flows on unstructured meshes. Roe, Osher and kinetic solvers are available to solve the Euler part and a k-epsilon model for the turbulent flow. Near-wall turbulence is computed by either a wall law or a two-layer approach. A fourth-order Runge-Kutta solver is included to solve time-dependent problems. A source code distribution of this Fortran program is available. It is documented in a technical report in PostScript format.
[http://www-rocq.inria.fr/gamma/cdrom/www/nsc2ke/eng.htm]
nsgmls: A replacement for sgmls which is included in the SP package.
NSPCG: A package for solving large sparse systems of linear equations by iterative methods. NSPCG uses various acceleration techniques such as conjugate gradients, Chebyshev acceleration, and various generalized conjugate gradient methods for nonsymmetric systems in conjunction with various preconditioners. The purposes for developing this package included investigating the suitability of various iterative methods for vector computers and providing a common modular structure for research on iterative methods.
The features of NSPCG include:

provision of accelerators for the nonsymmetrizable case such as ORTHOMIN, generalized conjugate residual (GCR), Lanczos, and LSQR in addition to those for the symmetrizable case;

several basic preconditioners such as Jacobi, incomplete LU decomposition, modified incomplete LU decomposition, successive overrelaxation (SOR), and symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) with some available either as left-, right-, or two-sided preconditioners;

modularity which allows any preconditioner to be used with any accelerator and any preconditioner to be used with any of the available data storage formats;

several matrix storage schemes including primary storage (i.e. that used in ELLPACK), symmetric diagonal storage, nonsymmetric diagonal storage, symmetric coordinate storage, and nonsymmetric coordinate storage;

capability of usage in a matrix-free mode in which the user supplies customized routines for performing matrix operations; and

data structures chosen for efficiency on vector or pipelined computers.

The source code for NSPCG is available. It is written in Fortran 77. The package is documented in an 80+ page user's manual in LaTeX format. Several example codes are included in the distribution.
[http://rene.ma.utexas.edu/CNA/NSPCG/]
NSS: Network Security Services is a set of libraries designed to support cross-platform development of communications applications. Applications built using NSS support the SSL protocol for authentication, tamper detection and encryption as well as the PKCS No. 11 protocol for cryptographic token interfaces. NSS consists of interlocking APIs in a set of core libraries including:

ssl, an API for core SSL operations;

certhi, interfaces directly accessible to both SSL and applications;

pk11wrap, an API for operations involving PKCS No. 11;

softoken, interfaces related to the default internal software token provided by NSS; and

certdb, API interfaces accessible only via PKCS No. 11 interfaces.

Additional libraries used to build and support the core NSS libraries include:

dbm, supports database operations;

nspr4, an API for operations involving the Netscape Portable Runtime (NSPR) that provides low-level cross-platform suport for operations such as threading and I/O;

freebl, an API for basic cryptographic operations;

smime, provides the SMIME toolkit API;

nss, provides initialization functions;

pkcs12, an API for PKCS No. 12 operations, i.e. those related to exporting and importing certificates and keys;

pkcs7, an API for PKCS No. 7 operations, i.e. those related to digital signatures and encryption;

nssckfw, defines the default set of trusted root certificates;

crmf, provides APIs for CRMF operations; and

jar, an API for create Java JAR files.

[http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/nss/]
NSUVP: A Fortran program for solving a UVP formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations using finite elements. The implementation uses a simple iteration scheme to solve the nonlinear algebraic system arising from applying the Galerkin method to the equations. The test problem involves channel flow over a cavity. A user's guide is available in LaTeX format.
[ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk/pub/misc/cfd/software/nsuvp/]
NSWC Library: The Naval Surface Warfare Center's library of general purpose Fortran routines contains over 800 programs and takes up 3.2 Mb compressed.
[http://www.rrz.uni-koeln.de/themen/mathematik/nswc.html]
[ftp://ftp.srv.ualberta.ca/pub/unix/numerical/nswc/]
Nt: A shared text editor designed for use on the MBone. Nt is highly interactive in that unless a block of text is locked anyone is a session can edit or delete that text. Many people can simultaneously edit the same document or even the same block of text.
[http://mice.ed.ac.uk/mice/archive/nt.html]
[http://nic.merit.edu/net-research/mbone/index/titles.html]
nTeX: A TeX distribution for Linux that contains the basic TeX distribution along with Metafont and quite a few fonts and additional macros to perform various tasks, ring various bells, and blow various whistles. A list of the contents of the distribution can be found at the NTeX Web Site as well as update information. The complete distribution (as of 1/96) consists of 25 disks (or equivalent files). A basic installation requires only 9 disks with the remaining 16 containing ever more complicated software to do fancier things.
[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/tex/ntex/]
[ftp://ftp.cc.gatech.edu/pub/linux/apps/tex/ntex/]
NTFS: A driver for the Microshaft Windows NT File System. The distribution consists of a set of tools including:

ntchange, to change directories on the NTFS;

ntdump, to obtain a list of file attributes;

ntgrep, to search a file for a string;

ntdir, to obtain a listing of files in the NTFS; and

ntcat, to concatenate files in the NTFS.

The release of 2/12/97 is still considered an alpha release, with the documentation very sparse. See also the VFAT filesystem.
[http://www.informatik.hu-berlin.de/~loewis/ntfs/]
NTL: The Number Theory Library is a high performance, portable C++ library providing data structures and algorithms for manipulating signed, arbitrary length integers as well as for vectors, matrices, and polynomials over the integers and over finite fields. The package also uses state-of-the-art algorithms, e.g. the code for polynomial arithmetic is one of the fastest available. NTL is not meant to be a complete computer algebra package but rather to server as a stable, portable platform for implementing other algorithms.
NTL is written entirely in C++ and can be easily installed on most UNIX platforms. Documentation is available online and also in ASCII files in the package.
[http://www.shoup.net/ntl/]
ntop: Network TOP is a UNIX tool that shows network usage in a manner similar to the way the top command shows CPU usage. It can be used in both interactive and Web modes, with the former displaying the network status on the terminal and the latter on a browser. The features of ntop include:

sorting network traffic according to many protocols, e.g. TCP UDP, ICMP, IPX, Decnet, AppleTalk, FTP, DNS, etc.;

showing network trafic sorted according to various criteria;

displaying traffic statistics;

showing IP traffic distribution among the various protocols;

analyzing IP traffic and sorting it according to the source and destination;

displaying an IP traffic subnet matrix; and

reporting IP protocol usage sorted by protocol type.

Source code, binary and Debian and RPM package versions of ntop are available.
[http://www-serra.unipi.it/~ntop/]
NTP: The Network Time Protocol is used to synchronize the time of a computer client or server to another server or reference time source such as a radio or satellite receiver. It provides, for example, accuracy typically within a millisecond on LANs relative to a primary server synchronized to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) via a GPS receiver. NTP is also a software distribution that implements an NTP client and server.
The NTP distribution consists of several programs including:

ntpd, an NTP daemon which sets and maintains the system time in synch with Internet standard time servers;

ntpq, which is used to query NTP servers;

ntpdc, which is used to query the ntpd daemon about its current state;

ntpdate, which sets the local date and time by polling the NTP server(s) given as arguments;

ntptrace, which determines where a given NTP server gets its time from and follows the chain back to the master time source;

tickadj, which reads and optionally modifies several timekeeping-related variables in the running kernel;

ntptime, which reads and displays time-related kernel variables;

authspeed, which encrypts a test file and determines the authentication delay to use in the NTP configuration file;

authcert, which verifies whether the DES encryption algorithm is operating correctly; and

md5, which generates the message digest for a given file using the RSA Message Digest 5 (MD5) and other algorithms.

A source code distribution of NTP is available. It is set up to use the GNU configuring tools for the usual wide variety of platforms. Quite of bit of documentation about both the protocol and the software is available, with the software mainly documented in a set of man pages.
[http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/]
nttcp: The new test TCP program measures the transfer rate (and other quantities) on a TCP, UDP or UDP multicast connection. The features include:

startable via inetd;

customizable output via the command line;

measures both sides of a connection and reports both on the calling side;

can checksum traffic to detect data failures in UDP transmissions; and

can send multicast packets.

[http://www.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/~bartel/nttcp/]
NUBBLE: A turbulent boundary layer model for the linearized shallow water equations. NUBBLE is a 1-D timestepping point model that uses linear finite elements to determine the vertical structure of the horizontal components of velocity and density under specified surface forcing. Two forms of turbulence closure are implemented during every simulation. A source code distribution of this Fortran 77 program is available. A user's manual is available in PostScript format.
[http://www-nml.dartmouth.edu/Software/nubble/]
NUCM: Netwrok Unified Configuration Management is a generic, peer-to-peer repository supporting distributed configuration management (CM). A programmatic interface allows for the rapid construction and evolution of CM systems and the underlying distribution mechanism facilitates CM in the context of large-scale, wide-area software development. NUCM separates CM repositories (i.e. the stores for versions of software artifacts and information about them) from CM policies (i.e. the specific procedures for creating, evolving, and assembling versiosn of artifacts in the repository).
The NUCM interface consists of eight classes of functions for:

gaining and relinquishing access to artifacts in a logical repository;

versioning artifacts;

manipulating collections;

querying for specific information;

manipulating attributes of artifacts;

removing artifacts from logical repositories;

manipulating the physical distribution of artifacts in a logical repository; and

performing miscellaneous tasks.

A source code distribution of NUCM is available. It is written in C and has been successfully compiled and used on Linux platforms. It is documented in a user's manual, several technical reports, and a set of man pages.
[http://www.cs.colorado.edu/serl/cm/NUCM.html]
N.U.E. Order: A Network Using Entreprenuer's Order processing system. This has several parts including:

Catalog, which tracks visitors, generates the dynamic parts of pages, takes orders, commits orders to a database, and deals with users;

Webgen, which generates the Web site using format descriptions in the database to control how the site looks and can also generate pages in multiple languages;

CCProc, a credit card processor; and

UPS-o-matic, which handles cost calculations for packages sent via UPS.

Other features include:

a scriptable invoice;

a system to FAX drop ship orders;

control of how many of an item can be sold in a given time;

automatic figuring of sales taxes; and

easy report generation via the use of an SQL database.

A source code distribution of this beta software is available under the GPL.
[http://nueorder.netpedia.net/]
number theory: Related software includes:

ARIBAS, an interactive interpreter for big integer and multi-precision floating point arithmetic;

bc, a calculator language that supports arbitrary precision numbers and the interactive execution of statements;

CALC, a calculator program for doing arbitrary precision integer arithmetic;

FreeLIP, a package containing functions for performing arithmetic on arbitrary length signed integers;

gnubc, a set of programs written using and for bc;

KANT, a computer algebra system for sophisticated computations in algebraic number fields;

LiDIA, a C++ library for computational number theory;

NTL, a C++ library for doing number theory;

PARI, a package for performing formal computations on recursive types at high speeds;

SIMATH, a computer algebra system focused mainly on algebraic number theory; and

ZEN, a toolbox for fast computations in finite extensions of finite rings.
numerical analysis environments: These are integrated systems for performing interactive numerical computations, especially with matrices. These resemble in one way or another the Matlab system, more or less. Some are more matrix oriented, some more statistical oriented, some more graphically oriented, and some just bloody strange. Available packages include:

Algae

ANA

Analyz

Basis

DATAPLOT

Diffpack

Euler

Fulcrum

Gnatlab

GNUDL

Isaac

LINK

Macanova

MATCALC

Octave

Oorange

Ox

PACT

Ptolemy

R

RLaB

Schelab

Scilab

Tela

TONS

XGobi, an interactive statistical data analysis program;

Xi

XLispStat

XmdvTool, an interactive statistical data analysis program;

XploRe

Yorick
Numerical Integration Toolbox: A Matlab toolbox for 1-, 2-, and n-D numerical integration. It contains four general purpose integration routines: quadg, a high accuracy replacement for QUAD and QUAD8; quad2g, for 2-D integration over a rectangular region; quad2ggen, for 2-D integration over a general region; and quadndg, for n-D integration over a n-D hyper-rectangular region.
The Integration Toolbox can be used on Matlab or on the freely available Octave which can run most Matlab m-files.
[ftp://ftp.mathworks.com/pub/contrib/v4/integration/nit/]
Numerical Methods: Tomasz Plewa's list of resources pertaining to numerical methods.
[http://www.camk.edu.pl/~tomek/htmls/num_meth.html]
[http://www.math.psu.edu/dna/num_methods.html]
[http://zar.unizar.es/www/num_meth.html]
[http://www.labyrinth.net.au/~ctrans/tomasz.html]
NumLib: A templated C++ library of numerical base classes implementing basic data structures, matrices, tensors, matrix solvers and interfaces to other libraries. These were developed for numerically simulating microwave-generated plasmas, but have much broader application. The package consists of two basic layers, i.e. a low-level layer of basic classes for linear algebra and a higher-level set of classes implementing those things needed to solve PDEs on abitrary grids.
NumLib uses a concept known as the Temporary Base Class Idiom (TCBI) to avoid superfluous duplication of data when performing arithmetic operations on large objects. This cuts down on the overhead that has heretofore reduced the efficiency of numerical simulations programs written in C++ as compared to Fortran. The package consists of several trees including:

lina, which contains mathematical objects such as complex numbers, vectors, matrices, tensors and optimized versions of these objects for special cases as well as basic operations and a solver classes containing direct and iterative solvers and a LAPACK interface class;

mpt, which contains classes for simulating electromagnetic fields including a finite difference scheme for solving PDEs;

bench, contains a benchmark suite that tests the efficiency of vector and matrix operations and compares them to optimized versions; and

grid, contains classes for solving PDEs on arbitrary grids including both basic classes for establishing grid properties etc. and advanced classes for microwave simulations.

A source code distribution of NumLib is available. Recommended compilers are egcs 1.1.x or GCC 2.8.x. A user's and reference guide is included in the distribution.
[http://pebbles.e-technik.uni-dortmund.de/numlib/]
NumPy: The Numerical extensions to Python add powerful multi-dimensional array objects to the Python programming language. These objects give Python the number crunching power of numeric languages like Matlab an dIDL while maintaining all of the advantages of Python. The extensions add two new object types to Python as well as a number of extensions that take advantage of these objects. Multidimensional array objects feature efficient arrays of homogeneous machine data types, an arbitrary number of dimensions, and sophisticated structural operations. Universal function objects support mathematical functions on all Python objects and are designed to be very efficient for array objects. Simple interfaces to LAPACK, FFTPACK, and RANLIB are also supplied.
The NumPy package is a collection of C extension modules which are available as source code that should easily compile on any UNIX system. The documentation includes a reference manual, a tutorial, and some technical papers available in various formats. Links to scientific modules developed by third parties are available on the site. An extended Python distribution is available via one of these links. It includes the extension programs as well as various modules in one package which simplifies the non-trivial task of compiling and installing the NumPy extensions.
[http://numpy.sourceforge.net/]
[http://www.python.org/sigs/matrix-sig/]
[http://starship.python.net/crew/hinsen/]
[ftp://ftp-icf.llnl.gov/pub/python/]
[http://lheawww.gsfc.nasa.gov/~bridgman/AstroPy/]

cephesmodule

A module for NumPy that makes most of the special functions from the Cephes library available.
[http://oliphant.netpedia.net/]

fftw-numpy

A generic wrapping of the FFTW library into NumPy using the SWIG package.
[http://oliphant.netpedia.net/]

GMatH

A Gnome interface to NumPy.
[http://gmath.sourceforge.net/]

sigtoolsmodule

A module for NumPy that will eventually (2/99) contain most of signal processing functionality available in other array-oriented systems, e.g. Matlab. This is a work in progress with contributions welcome.
[http://oliphant.netpedia.net/]
Nuprl: A computer system which supports the interactive creation of proofs, formulas, and terms in a formal theory of mathematics. It can be used to expression concepts associated with definitions, theorems, theories, books and libraries. The theory is sensitive to the computational meaning of terms, assertions, and proofs, and can carry out the actions used to define that computational meaning.
[http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/Projects/NuPrl/nuprl.html]
NURBS: Non-Uuniform Rational B-Splines are a geometric tool used for graphics and computer-aided design. They can be used to represent a wide variety of geometric objects including conic sections and free-form curves and surfaces as well as more conventional shapes such as straight lines and cubes. The Manchester NURBS library is a C function library consisting of a definition of a C structure to represent a NURBS and a large collection of routines which operate on this structure to perform many common operations. The source code is available as well as a manual in PostScript format.
[http://www.man.ac.uk/MVC/research/nurbs/library/]
NURBS++: A Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline library written in C++. The library includes a NURBS curve class in 3-D (in which the computation is done in the 4-D homogeneous space). The capabilities of this class include:

computation of points and their derivatives along a curve,

global curve interpolation with or without specification of first derivative,

global curve approximation with either least squares fitting or within an error bound,

degree elevation of a curve,

knot manipulation routines,

decomposition of a curve into its Bezier segments,

generation of a circular arc starting at user-specified locations,

reading from and writing to files,

writing to several types of image files via ImageMagick,

writing to PostScript, and

writing to VRML format.

A NURBS surface class is capable of:

computation of points and their derivatives along a surface (as well

as th enormal of the surface at any point),

global surface interpolation,

global least squares approximation of a surface,

degree elevation,

generation of a surface skin, Gordon surface, sweep surface, and a surface of revolution of any degree;

generation of isoparametric curves,

splitting a surface into Bezier patches,

reading and writing to files, and

exportation in VRML, POVRAY and RIB formats.

The package also includes a hierarchical curve and surface class, some wrapper classes so it can be used with OpenGL, and a basic NURBS editor.
A source code distribution of NURBS++ is available. It is written in C++ and is documented in a user's manual available in either PostScript or PDF format.
[http://yukon.genie.uottawa.ca/~lavoie/software/nurbs/]
nuweb: A literate programming package that consists of a single program that takes a file written in a combination of LaTeX and a programming language and produces a LaTeX file and a set of compiler-ready files in the programming language being used. The features of nuweb include speed, simplicity, multiple programming languages, indices and cross-references, and no use of special macros or macro files.
[ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/web/nuweb/]
nv: An Internet video conferencing tool which was designed to be as portable as possible (i.e. be able to receive video in a standard X11 window without requiring special hardware) and to run over a wide range of network bandwidths. The first goal was met with a video compression scheme which could be performed in software at a reasonable speed. The second by both giving the sender a choice of several resolutions and between color and black and white, as well as by supplying a slider switch which allows the precise choice of a maximum bandwidth.
The source code for nv is available as are binaries for FreeBSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Linux Intel, DEC OSF1, Sun SunOS, and DEC Ultrix platforms. The program is briefly documented in a technical report available in PostScript.
[ftp://parcftp.xerox.com/pub/net-research/]
nvi: The new vi editor is the 4.4BSD replacement for vi. The source code for this is available as well as a binary for Linux Intel platforms.
[http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/editors/vi/]

nvi-m17n

A multilingual version of nvi with support for Japanese, Korean, Chinese and various other encoding schemes.
[ftp://ftp.foretune.co.jp/pub/tools/nvi-m17n/]
Nview/Nconvert/Xnview: A set of utilities for viewing, modifying and converting image files. This supports 58 different image formats which can be interconverted and modified in several ways including:

redimensioning;

adjustment of luminosity and contrast;

modification of the number of colors;

various filtering operations including blurring and embossing;

various effects operations; and

creating slide shows.

Source and binary versions are available, with the latter being an RPM package. This requires Motif 1.2 although the latest version of Lesstif is also supposed to work.
[http://perso.wanadoo.fr/pierre.g/]
N-way Toolbox: A Matlab toolbox implementing the model developed by Tucker for analyzing multi-way data arrays, i.e. N-way factor analysis. This model is often used for decomposition, compression and interpretation in chemometrics and other fields. The toolbox functions include:

parafac, an N-way PARAFAC model with weighted or unweighted loss function;

dtld, direct trilinear decomposition;

gram, generalized rank annihilation;

tucker, N-way Tucker2-3 models that can handle missing values;

npls, N-way PLS model; and

npred, predicts new samples using an existing N-PLS model.

See Tucker (1966) and Kroonenberg (1992).
[http://www.models.kvl.dk/source/nwaytoolbox/]
NWChem: A computational chemistry package designed to run on high-performance parallel computers and workstation clusters. The code capabilities include:

calculation of energies and analytic gradients using Self Consistent Field (RHF, UHF, high-spin ROHF) and Gaussian Density Functional Theory (DFT) energies with local and non--local exchange-correlation potentials;

calculation of energies via MP2 using direct or semi-direct algorithms, MP2 using the resolution of the identify integral approximation, and coupled-cluster singles and doubles with linear triples;

geometry optimization (minimization and transition state) for all methods with analytic gradients;

second derivatives via numerical differencing of gradients;

a molecular dynamics module with energy minimization, molecular dynamics simulation and thermodynamic perturbation and integration; and

mixed classical-quantum molecular dynamics.

Source code and binary distributions are available with the signing of a license agreement. Compilation and use also require the TCGMSG and Global Array packages. A user's guide is available as are several technical reports.
[http://www.emsl.pnl.gov:2080/docs/nwchem/nwchem.html]
NXLib: A software environment which allows multicomputer applications, specifically those developed using the Paragon NX library, to be developed and simulated on networks of workstations. This lets networks of workstations be used to develop software which will be finally run on a Paragon system. The same networks can also be used as a production environment for some applications, especially those that can be described as coarse-grained.
The NXLib distribution can be obtained as source code or in binary form for Sun and Linux Intel platforms. The documentation is contained within a user's guide and several technical reports available in PostScript format.
[http://wwwbode.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/~lamberts/NXLib/]
Nyquist: A language for sound synthesis and music composition which combines the capabilities of score languages that deal with events and signal processing languages that deal with signals and synthesis. It is based on an interactive Lisp interpreter which makes it both flexible and easy to use. Instruments are designed by combining functions and can be called upon to generate a sound by typing a simple expression, with simple expressions combined into complex ones to create entire compositions.
A source code distribution of Nyquist is available. It is written in C and can be compiled and installed on several UNIX flavors. A patch file is available that allows it to be compiled on Linux boxes. A user's manual is available in both HTML and PostScript formats.
[http://cec.wustl.edu/~bjl1/nyquist-linux.html]
[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/rbd/www/nyquist.html]
NYRA: A Fortran code for solving the second order initial value problem for nonstiff ODEs. NYRA implements a Runge-Kutta-Nystrom type block predictor-corrector method with a 7th-order variable stepsize 4-stage method based on direct collocation at Radau-IIA points. The implicit relations in the corrector steps are solved by fixed-point iterations. The source code is available along with a driver program and a test problem.
[http://www.mathematik.uni-halle.de/institute/numerik/software/]

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Manbreaker Crag 2001-03-08