where is a number, parameter, or variable containing values
between 0 and 1;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed beta ppf value is stored;
is a positive number, parameter, or variable that
specifies the first shape parameter;
is a number, parameter, or variable that specifies the
second shape parameter;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ALPPPF(0.9,6,1)
LET X2 = ALPPPF(X1,2,1)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ALPCDF = Compute the alpha cumulative distribution function.
ALPPDF = Compute the alpha probability density function.
WEICDF = Compute the Weibull cumulative distribution function.
WEIPDF = Compute the Weibull probability density function.
WEIPPF = Compute the Weibull percent point function.
LGNCDF = Compute the log-normal cumulative distribution function.
LGNPDF = Compute the log-normal probability density function.
LGNPPF = Compute the log-normal percent point function.
NORCDF = Compute the normal cumulative distribution function.
NORPDF = Compute the normal probability density function.
NORPPF = Compute the normal percent point function.
Reference:
"Reliability Applications of the Alpha Distribution", Salvia,
IEEE Transactions On Reliability, Vol. R-34, August, 1985,
(pp. 251-252).
"Continuous Univariate Distributions", 2nd. ed., Johnson, Kotz,
and Balakrishnan, John Wiley and Sons, 1994.
Applications:
Reliability, accelerated life testing
Implementation Date:
95/5
Program:
XLIMITS 0 1
MAJOR XTIC MARK NUMBER 6
XTIC OFFSET 0.1 0.1
MULTIPLOT 2 2; MULTIPLOT CORNER COORDINATES 0 0 100 100
TITLE AUTOMATIC
LET A = 2
LET B = 1
X1LABEL ALPHA = ^A, BETA = ^B
PLOT ALPPPF(P,A,B) FOR P = 0.01 0.01 0.99
LET A = 0.5
LET B = 6
X1LABEL ALPHA = ^A, BETA = ^B
PLOT ALPPPF(P,A,B) FOR P = 0.01 0.01 0.99
LET A = 6
LET B = 0.5
X1LABEL ALPHA = ^A, BETA = ^B
PLOT ALPPPF(P,A,B) FOR P = 0.01 0.01 0.99
LET A = 0.5
LET B = 0.5
X1LABEL ALPHA = ^A, BETA = ^B
PLOT ALPPPF(P,A,B) FOR P = 0.01 0.01 0.99
END OF MULTIPLOT
-----AMPLIFIER-------------------------------------------------------
AMPLIFIER
Name:
AMPLIFIER
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Draws an amplifier (a component used in electronic circuit
diagrams).
Description:
The 2 pairs of coordinates define the (x,y) values for the start
point and the end point (respectively) of the amplifier.
Syntax:
AMPLIFIER
where is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the start point of
the amplifier;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the start point of
the amplifier;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the stop point of
the amplifier;
and is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the stop point of
the amplifier.
Examples:
AMPLIFIER 50 50 60 50
AMPLIFIER 50 50 60 60
AMPLIFIER 20 20 25 20
AMPLIFIER 20 70 25 70
AMPLIFIER 30 50 40 50
AMPLIFIER X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Note:
The line style (i.e., solid, dash), color, and thickness of the
amplifier are controlled by the LINE, LINE COLOR, and LINE
THICKNESS commands.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
CAPACITOR = Draws a capacitor.
GROUND = Draws a ground.
INDUCTOR = Draws an inductor.
RESISTOR = Draws a resistor.
MOVE = Moves to a point.
DRAW = Draws a line.
LINES = Sets the line type for figures and plot lines.
LINE THICKNESSES = Sets the line thickness for figures and plot
lines.
LINE COLOR = Sets the line colors for figures and plot lines.
CROSS-HAIR = Activates and reads the cross-hair.
TEXT = Writes a text string.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LINE SOLID
LINE COLOR BLACK
LINE THICKNESS 0.2
AMPLIFIER 20 70 50 70
-----AND-------------------------------------------------------
AND
Name:
AND
Type:
Keyword
Purpose:
Allows multiple PLOT or 3D-PLOT command lines to be "strung
together" to generate multi-trace or multi-surface plots,
respectively.
Syntax:
AND
AND
AND
.
.
.
Examples:
PLOT Y X AND
PLOT SIN(X) FOR X = 0 .1 6
PLOT Y1 Y2 Y3 VS X AND
PLOT Y X D
3D-PLOT Y X1 X2 AND
3D-PLOT EXP(-X-Y) FOR X = 0 .1 1 FOR Y = 3 .5 7
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
VERSUS = Allows several variables to be plotted.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
PLOT X**2 FOR X = 1 1 9 AND
PLOT X**3 FOR X = 1 1 9
Name:
AND
Type:
Diagrammatic Graphics Command
Purpose:
Draws an And Gate (a logical device used in electronic circuit
diagrams).
Description:
The 2 pairs of coordinates define the (x,y) values for the middle
back and the middle front (respectively) of the And Gate.
Syntax:
AND
where is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the middle back
point of the And Gate;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the middle back
point of the And Gate;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the middle front
point of the And Gate;
and is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the middle front
point of the And Gate.
Examples:
AND 50 50 60 50
AND 50 50 60 60
AND 20 20 25 20
AND X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Note:
The line style (i.e., solid, dash), color, and thickness of the
amplifier are controlled by the LINE, LINE COLOR, and LINE
THICKNESS commands.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
OR = Draws an or gate.
NAND = Draws a nand gate.
NOR = Draws a nor gate.
MOVE = Moves to a point.
DRAW = Draws a line.
LINES = Sets the line type for figures and plot lines.
LINE THICKNESSES = Sets the line thickness for figures and plot
lines.
LINE COLOR = Sets the line colors for figures and plot lines.
CROSS-HAIR = Activates and reads the cross-hair.
TEXT = Writes a text string.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LINE SOLID
LINE COLOR BLACK
LINE THICKNESS 0.2
AND 20 20 60 60
-----ANDREWS INCREMENT-----------------------------------------------
ANDREWS INCREMENT
Name:
ANDREWS INCREMENT
Type:
Support Command
Purpose:
Specifies the x axis increment for generating Andrews curves.
Description:
An Andrews curve applies the following transformation to a
set of data:
Fi(t) = X1i/SQRT(2) + X2i*SIN(t) + X3i*COS(t) +
X4i*SIN(2t) + X5i*COS(2t) + ...
where t goes from -PI to PI. This command allows the analyst to
specify the increment for t. A smaller increment generates a
higher resolution curve at the expense of more data points per
curve.
Syntax:
ANDREWS INCREMENT
where is a positive decimal number or parameter that
specifies the incrememnt.
Examples:
ANDREWS INCREMENT 0.1
ANDREWS INCREMENT 0.05
Default:
0.1
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ANDREWS PLOT = Generate an Andrews plot.
Reference:
"Graphical Exploratory Data Analysis", du Toit, Steyn, and Stumpf,
Springer-Verlang, 1986.
Applications:
Multivariate Analysis
Implementation Date:
92/12
Program:
read x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
16 16 19 21 20 23
14 17 15 22 18 22
24 23 21 24 20 23
18 17 16 15 20 19
18 11 9 18 7 14
end of data
.
line color red blue green orange cyan
title automatic
ylimits -50 100
ytic offset 0 10
.
xlimits -3 3
xtic offset 0.2 0.2
major xtic mark number 7
.
andrews plot x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
-----ANDREWS PLOT--------------------------------------
ANDREWS PLOT
Name:
ANDREWS PLOT
Type:
Graphics Command
Purpose:
Generates an Andrews plot.
Description:
An Andrews plot is a graphical data analysis technique for plotting
multivariate data. An Andrews curve applies the following
transformation to a set of data:
Fi(t) = X1i/SQRT(2) + X2i*SIN(t) + X3i*COS(t) +
X4i*SIN(2t) + X5i*COS(2t) + ...
where t goes from -PI to PI and X1, X2, etc. are the columns (i.e.,
variables) of data. One Andrews curve is generated for each row of
data. As usual, the LINE, LINE COLOR, and LINE THICKNESS commands
can be used to control the attributes of the curves. Andrews
curves are used to distinguish which observations (i.e., rows) are
most alike.
Syntax:
ANDREWS PLOT ...
where through are the response variables;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
ANDREWS PLOT Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5
ANDREWS PLOT Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 SUBSET TAG > 2
Note:
The increment for t in the transformation can be set with the
ANDREWS INCREMENT command. It defaults to 0.1.
Note:
Andrews curves are order dependent. The first few variables tend
to dominate, so it is a good idea to put the most important
variables first. Some analysts recommend running a principle
components analysis first and generating Andrews curves for the
principle components.
Note:
Up to 20 variables can be used.
Note:
The TO syntax is allowed on this command. For example
ANDREWS PLOT Y1 TO Y10
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
LINES = Sets the types for plot lines.
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
STAR PLOT = Generate a star plot.
PROFILE PLOT = Generate a profile plot.
ANDREWS INCREMENT = Specify the x axis increment when generating
Andrews curves.
Reference:
"Graphical Exploratory Data Analysis", du Toit, Steyn, and Stumpf,
Springer-Verlang, 1986.
Applications:
Multivariate Analysis
Implementation Date:
92/12
Program:
read x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
16 16 19 21 20 23
14 17 15 22 18 22
24 23 21 24 20 23
18 17 16 15 20 19
18 11 9 18 7 14
end of data
.
line color red blue green orange cyan
title automatic
ylimits -50 100
ytic offset 0 10
.
xlimits -3 3
xtic offset 0.2 0.2
major xtic mark number 7
.
andrews plot x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
-----ANGLE-------------------------------------------------------
ANGLE
Name:
ANGLE
Type:
Diagrammatic Graphics Command
Purpose:
Specifies the angle at which text from subsequent TEXT commands
will be rotated.
Syntax:
ANGLE
where is a number or parameter that specifies the desired angle
in the current angle units (radians, degrees, grads).
Examples:
ANGLE 45
ANGLE 3.14159
Note:
You should use a software font to draw text at an angle.
Note:
The ANGLE command applies to the TEXT command. Various other
commands are used to set angles for other plot elements (e.g.,
LEGEND ANGLE).
Default:
Text is drawn horizontally (0 radians).
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
TEXT = Writes a text string.
DEGREES = Sets the angle units to degrees.
ANGLE UNITS = Sets the angle units (to degrees/radians/grads).
RADIANS = Sets the angle units to radians.
GRADS = Sets the angle units to grads.
FONT = Sets the font for TEXT characters.
HEIGHT = Sets the height for TEXT characters.
WIDTH = Sets the width for TEXT characters.
COLOR = Sets the color of TEXT characters.
THICKNESS = Sets the thickness of TEXT characters.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
XX
-----ANGLE UNITS-------------------------------------------------------
ANGLE UNITS
Name:
ANGLE UNITS
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Specifies the units (radians, degrees, grads) to be used for all
subsequent trigonometric calculations (e.g., LET Y = SIN(X) and
ANGLE 45).
Syntax:
ANGLE UNITS
where RADIANS specifies radians, DEGREES specifies degrees, and
GRADS specifies grads.
Examples:
ANGLE DEGREES
ANGLE RADIANS
ANGLE GRADS
Default:
Angle units are given in radian units.
Synonyms:
DEGREES is a synonym for ANGLE UNITS DEGREES.
RADIANS is a synonym for ANGLE UNITS RADIANS.
GRADS is a synonym for ANGLE UNITS GRADS.
Related Commands:
TEXT = Writes a text string.
DEGREES = Sets angle units to degrees.
ANGLE UNITS = Sets angle units (to degrees/radians/grads).
RADIANS = Sets angle units to radians.
GRADS = Sets angle units to grads.
FONT = Sets the font for TEXT characters.
HEIGHT = Sets the height for TEXT characters.
WIDTH = Sets the width for TEXT characters.
COLOR = Sets the color of TEXT characters.
THICKNESS = Sets the thicknesses of TEXT characters.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
XX
-----ANOP LIMITS--------------------------------------
ANOP LIMITS
Name:
ANOP LIMITS
Type:
Support Command
Purpose:
Define the upper and lower bounds for counting a response a success
or failure in a subsequent analysis of proportions plot.
Syntax:
ANOP LIMITS
where and are decimal numbers or parameters that
define the lower and upper bound respectively for calculating
proportions in the ANOP PLOT command. That is, values between
these 2 points are counted as "successes" while values outside the
2 points are counted as "failures".
Examples:
ANOP LIMITS 0.2 0.7
ANOP LIMITS YLOW YHIGH
LET YLOW = Y(1) - 0.5
LET YHIGH = Y(1) + 0.5
ANOP LIMITS YLOW YHIGH
Default:
None
Synonyms:
PROPORTION LIMITS
Related Commands:
ANOP PLOT = Generate an analysis of proportions plot.
Applications:
Analysis of Proportions
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET Y1 = NORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
LET TAG = PATTERN 1 2 3 4 5 FOR I = 1 1 100
ANOP LIMITS 0.2 0.7
CHARACTER CIRCLE BLANK
LINE BLANK SOLID
ANOP PLOT Y1 TAG
-----ANOP PLOT--------------------------------------
ANOP PLOT
Name:
ANOP PLOT
Type:
Graphics Command
Purpose:
Generates an analysis of proportions plot.
Description:
This plot is a graphical data analysis technique for doing an
analysis of proportions. In an analysis of proportions, the values
that a response variable can have are divided into two mutually
exclusive groups (commonly called "successes" and "failures"). The
response variable is generated for various levels of another
variable (called a factor). The plot consist of:
Horizontal axis = distinct values of the factor variable;
Vertical axis = for each distinct value of horizontal axis,
calculate the proportion of the first response
variable falling within some user defined
limits.
In addition, a horizontal line is drawn representing the proportion
for the entire vertical axis variable.
Syntax:
ANOP PLOT
where is a response variable;
is the factor variable;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
ANOP PLOT Y1 TAG
ANOP PLOT Y1 TAG SUBSET TAG > 3
Note:
The ANOP LIMITS command is used to define the lower and upper
limits for calculating the proportion. The proportion is plotted
as a percentage (i.e., 0 to 100 scale rather than 0 to 1 scale).
By default, the proportions are drawn as a connected line segment.
Some users may prefer to draw them as distinct points. This is
demonstrated in the PROGRAM section below.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
PROPORTION PLOT
Related Commands:
ANOP LIMITS = Sets the limits for calculating the proportion.
LINE = Sets the line types.
CHARACTER = Sets the plot characters.
Applications:
Analysis of Proportions
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET Y1 = NORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
LET TAG = PATTERN 1 2 3 4 5 FOR I = 1 1 100
ANOP LIMITS 0.2 0.7
CHARACTER CIRCLE BLANK
LINE BLANK SOLID
ANOP PLOT Y1 TAG
-----ANOVA-------------------------------------------------------
ANOVA
Name:
ANOVA
Type:
Analysis Command
Purpose:
Carry out an Analysis of Variance.
Description:
Analysis of Variance is a data analysis technique for examining the
significance of the factors (= independent variables) in a
multi-factor model. The number of factors must be between 1 and 5,
inclusive. Each factor then has a certain number of values it can
have (these are referred to as the levels of a factor). The number
of levels can vary betweeen factors. Each factor and level
combination is a cell. Balanced designs are those in which each
cell has an equal number of observations and unbalanced designs are
those in which the number of observations can vary among cells.
The DATAPLOT ANOVA command only handles balanced designs (an error
message is printed if an unbalanced design is detected). The
number of arguments specifies whether a 1-factor ANOVA, 2-factor
ANOVA, or higher order ANOVA will be carried out.
Syntax:
ANOVA
where is the response (= dependent) variable;
is a sequence of 1 to 5 independent variables;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
ANOVA Y X1
ANOVA Y X1 X2
ANOVA Y X1 X2 X3
ANOVA Y X1 X2 X3 X4
ANOVA Y X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
ANOVA Y X1 X2 SUBSET X2 > 3
Note:
There are two main approaches to ANOVA. The cell means model for
2 factors is (it is similar for a different number of factors):
Yijk = Uij + Eijk
where i represents the level of factor 1, j represents the level of
factor 2, and k represents the observation number in the ijth cell.
This models the response variable as a cell mean plus an error term.
The column labeled MEAN in the ANOVA output is an estimate of the
cell mean.
The factor effects model for 2 factors is (again, it is similar
for additional factors):
Yijk = UBAR + ALPHAi + BETAj + Eijk
where i, j, and k have the same meanings as in the cell means model
and UBAR is the overall mean of the response variable. This models
the response variable as an overall mean plus a factor 1 effect
plus a factor 2 effect plus an error term. The column labeled
EFFECT are the estimates of the ALPHAi and BETAj terms. More
complicated models will also have interaction terms. However, the
DATAPLOT ANOVA command does not calculate interaction terms.
These two models are mathematically equivalent.
Note:
The ANOVA command saves the residuals in the variable RES and the
predicted values in the variable PRED. These can be used to
generate various diagnostic plots.
For the cell means model, the predicted values are the estimated
cell means. For the factor effects model, the predicted values
are the estimated grand mean plus the estimated factor effects.
Either model can be used since these in fact generate the same
predicted values. The residuals are the response variable minus
the predicted values.
Note:
ANOVA problems can be formulated as regression problems. This
is required for unbalanced designs, designed experiments where not
all factor and level combinations are used, and models where
interaction terms are required. The books in the REFERENCE section
provide detailed examples of setting up ANOVA problems as
regression problems. The DATAPLOT FIT command can be used to
analyze the regression problem.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE is a synonym for ANOVA
Related Commands:
MEDIAN POLISH = Carries out a robust ANOVA.
YATES ANALYSIS = Analyze a Yate's design.
BLOCK PLOT = Generate a block plot.
DEX SCATTER PLOT = Generates a dex scatter plot.
DEX ... PLOT = Generates a dex plot for a statistic.
DEX ... EFFECTS PLOT = Generates a dex effects plot for a
statistic.
T TEST = Carries out a t test.
PLOT = Plots (e.g., residuals and GANOVA ).
Reference:
"Applied Linear Statistical Models", 3rd ed., Neter, Wasserman,
and Kunter, 1990, Irwin.
"Applied Regression Analysis", 2nd ed., Draper and Smith, John
Wiley, 1981.
Applications:
Analysis of Variance
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
. READ FILE "SHEESLEY.DAT" IN DATAPLOT REFERENCE CATALOG
. THIS IS DATAPLOT DATA FILE SHEESLEY.DAT (RAW DATA)
. LIGHT BULB LEAD WIRE WELD PROCESS COMPARISON
. JOHN SHEESLEY (GE) ARTICLE IN
. EXPERIMENTS IN INDUSTRY (ED. BY SNEE, HARE, TROUT)
. PAGES 54-57
. NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS = 96
. NUMBER OF VARIABLES PER LINE IMAGE = 5
. ORDER OF VARIABLES ON A LINE IMAGE--
. RESPONSE = AVERAGE NUMBER OF WELDED LEAD WIRES MISSED PER HOUR
. FACTOR 1 = WELDING PROCESS (2 LEVELS) (PRIMARY)
. FACTOR 2 = SHIFT (3 LEVELS)
. FACTOR 3 = MACHINE (2 LEVELS)
. FACTOR 4 = PLANT (2 LEVELS)
. FACTOR 5 = REPLICATION (4 LEVELS) (A RANDOM FACTOR)
SKIP 25
READ SHEESLEY.DAT Y WELD SHIFT MACH PLANT REP
ANOVA Y WELD SHIFT MACH PLANT
MULTIPLOT 2 2; MULTIPLOT CORNER COORDINATES 0 0 100 100
TITLE AUTOMATIC
CHARACTER 1 2; LINES BLANK BLANK
BLOCK PLOT Y SHIFT MACH PLANT WELD
CHARACTER CIRCLE
CHARACTER SIZE 1.0
LINES BLANK
PLOT RES
PLOT RES VS PRED
NORMAL PROBABILITY PLOT RES
END OF MULTIPLOT
-----APPEND-------------------------------------------------------
APPEND
Name:
APPEND
Type:
Support Command
Purpose:
Append a variable to the end of another variable.
Syntax:
APPEND
where and are variables. is
attached to the end of .
Examples:
APPEND Y2 Y1
APPEND Y DEL
APPEND X X
Default:
None.
Synonyms:
EXTEND is a synonym to APPEND, but with the arguments reversed;
thus if you have 2 variables X1 and X2 and wish to append the
contents of X2 onto the end of X1, then the following 2 commands
are equivalent--
APPEND X2 X1
EXTEND X1 X2
Related Commands:
EXTEND = Extends a variable by another variable.
DELETE = Deletes (all or part of) a variable.
LET = Creates, transforms, etc. a variable.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
XX
-----ARC-------------------------------------------------------
ARC
Name:
ARC
Type:
Diagrammatic Graphics Command
Purpose:
Draws an arc.
Description:
The 3 pairs of coordinates define the (x,y) values for the start
point, an internal point, and the end point (respectively) of the
arc.
Syntax:
ARC
where is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the start point of
the arc;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the start point of
the arc;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the internal point of
the arc;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the internal point of
the arc;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the stop point of
the arc;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the stop point of
the arc.
Examples:
ARC 30 50 50 40 70 50
ARC 30 30 50 40 70 70
ARC 20 70 30 50 40 70
ARC X1 Y1 X2 Y2 X3 Y3
ARC 50 50 X2 Y2 70 50
ARC 40 50 50 30 60 50
Note:
The line style (i.e., solid, dash), color, and thickness are
controlled by the LINE, LINE COLOR, and LINE THICKNESS commands.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
POINT = Draws a point.
ARROW = Draws an arrow.
TRIANGLE = Draws a triangle.
BOX = Draws a box.
HEXAGON = Draws a hexagon.
CIRCLE = Draws a circle.
SEMI-CIRCLE = Draws a semi-circle.
ELLIPSE = Draws an ellipse.
OVAL = Draws an oval.
DIAMOND = Draws a diamond.
DRAW = Draws a line.
MOVE = Moves to a point.
LINES = Sets the line types for figures and plot lines.
LINE THICKNESSES = Sets the line thicknesses for figures and plot
lines.
LINE COLOR = Sets the line colors for figures and plot lines.
CROSS-HAIR = Activates and reads the cross-hair.
TEXT = Writes a text string.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LINE DASH
LINE COLOR BLACK
LINE THICKNESS 0.2
ARC 30 50 50 40 70 50
-----ARCCOS (LET)--------------------------------
ARCCOS
Name:
ARCCOS (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arccosine for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arccosine is the angle whose cosine is equal to the given
value. The angle is limited to values between 0 and PI. By
default, the angle is returned in radian units. To get degree
values, enter the command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS
resets it). Values outside the range -1 to 1 generate an error
message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCCOS()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arccosine value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCOS(-2)
LET A = ARCCOS(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCOS(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCOS(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL COSINE VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
TITLE AUTOMATIC
PLOT ARCCOS(X) FOR X = -1 .01 1
-----ARCCOSH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCCOSH
Name:
ARCCOSH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the hyperbolic arccosine for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The hyperbolic cosine is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is equal
to the given value. The formula for the hyperbolic cosine is:
arccosh(x) = log(x + sqrt(x**2 - 1) for x >= 1
An error message is generated if the input value is less than 1.
Syntax:
LET = ARCCOSH()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed hyperbolic arccosine value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCOSH(-2)
LET A = ARCCOSH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCOSH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCOSH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC COSINE VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUE
TITLE AUTOMATIC
PLOT ARCCOSH(X) FOR X = 1 .1 9.9
-----ARCCOT (LET)--------------------------------
ARCCOT
Name:
ARCCOT (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arccotangent for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arccotangent is the angle whose cotangent is equal to the
given value. The returned angle is restricted to values between
-PI/2 and PI/2. The function is defined for all real numbers. By
default, the angle is returned in radian units. To get degree
values, enter the command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS
resets it).
Syntax:
LET = ARCCOT()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arccotangent value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCOT(-2)
LET A = ARCCOT(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCOT(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCOT(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL COTANGENT VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
READ X Y TAG
-10 0 1
10 0 1
0 2 2
0 -2 2
END OF DATA
LINES SOLID SOLID SOLID SOLID DOT DOT DOT
PLOT ARCCOT(X) FOR X = 0 .01 2 AND
PLOT ARCCOT(X) FOR X = 2 .1 10 AND
PLOT ARCCOT(X) FOR X = -.01 -.01 -2 AND
PLOT ARCCOT(X) FOR X = -2 -.1 -10 AND
PLOT Y X TAG
-----ARCCOTH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCCOTH
Name:
ARCCOTH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
The hyperbolic arccotangent is the value whose hyperbolic
cotangent is equal to the given value. The formula for the
hyperbolic cotangent is:
arccoth(x) = 2/(log((1+x)/(1-x))) for x > 1 or x < -1
Input values between -1 and 1 generate an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCCOTH()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed hyperbolic arccotangent value is
stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCOTH(-2)
LET A = ARCCOTH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCOTH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCOTH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC COTANGENT VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUE
READ X Y TAG
-10 0 1
10 0 1
1 3 2
1 -3 2
-1 3 3
-1 -3 3
END OF DATA
LINES SOLID SOLID SOLID SOLID DOT DOT DOT
PLOT ARCCOTH(X) FOR X = 1.01 .01 2 AND
PLOT ARCCOTH(X) FOR X = 2 .1 10 AND
PLOT ARCCOTH(X) FOR X = -1.01 -.01 -2 AND
PLOT ARCCOTH(X) FOR X = -2 -.1 -10 AND
PLOT Y X TAG
-----ARCCSC (LET)--------------------------------
ARCCSC
Name:
ARCCSC (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arccosecant for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arccosecant is the angle whose cosecant is equal to the given
value. The angle is restricted to values between 0 and PI. By
default, the angle is returned in radian units. To get degree
values, enter the command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS
resets it). Values between -1 and 1 return an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCCSC()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arccosecant value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCSC(-2)
LET A = ARCCSC(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCSC(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCSC(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL COSECANT VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
READ X Y TAG
-10 0 1
10 0 1
1 2 2
1 -2 2
-1 2 3
-1 -2 3
END OF DATA
LINES SOLID SOLID SOLID SOLID DOT DOT DOT
PLOT ACRCSC(X) FOR X = 1 .01 2 AND
PLOT ACRCSC(X) FOR X = 2 .1 10 AND
PLOT ACRCSC(X) FOR X = -1 -.01 -2 AND
PLOT ACRCSC(X) FOR X = -2 -.1 -10
PLOT Y X TAG
-----ARCCSCH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCSCH
Name:
ARCCSCH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the hyperbolic arccosecant for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The hyperbolic arccosecant is the value whose hyperbolic cosecant
is equal to the given value. The formula for the hyperbolic
arccosecant is:
arccsch(x) = 1/(log(x + sqrt(x**2 + 1))) for x <> 0
Values identically equal to 0 return an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCCSCH()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed hyperbolic arccosecant value is
stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCCSCH(-2)
LET A = ARCCSCH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCCSCH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCCSCH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC COSECANT VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUE
READ X Y TAG
-10 0 1
10 0 1
0 10 5
0 -10 5
END OF DATA
LINES SOLID SOILD SOLID SOLID DOT DOT DOT
PLOT ARCCSCH(X) FOR X = 0.01 .01 2.0 AND
PLOT ARCCSCH(X) FOR X = 2 .1 10 AND
PLOT ARCCSCH(X) FOR X = -.01 -.01 -2 AND
PLOT ARCCSCH(X) FOR X = -2 -.1 -10 AND
PLOT Y X TAG
-----ARCSEC (LET)--------------------------------
ARCSEC
Name:
ARCSEC (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arcsecant for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arcsecant of a variable is the angle whose secant is equal to
the given value. The returned value will be in the range 0 to PI.
By default, the angle is returned in radian units. To get degree
values, enter the command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS
resets it). Values between -1 and 1 return an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCSEC()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arcsecant value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCSEC(-2)
LET A = ARCSEC(A1)
LET X2 = ARCSEC(X1)
LET X2 = ARCSEC(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL SECANT VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
READ X Y TAG
-10 1.57 1
10 1.57 1
1 0 2
1 4 2
-1 0 3
-1 4 3
END OF DATA
LINES SOLID SOILD SOLID SOLID DOT DOT DOT
PLOT ARCSEC(X) FOR X = 1 .01 2 AND
PLOT ARCSEC(X) FOR X = 2 .1 10 AND
PLOT ARCSEC(X) FOR X = -1 -.01 -2 AND
PLOT ARCSEC(X) FOR X = -2 -.1 -10 AND
PLOT Y X TAG
-----ARCSECH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCSECH
Name:
ARCSECH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the hyperbolic arcsecant for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The hyperbolic arcsecant is the value whose hyperbolic secant is
equal to the given value. The formula for the hyperbolic
arcsecant is:
arcsech(x) = 1/(log(x + sqrt(x**2 - 1))) for 0 < x <= 1
Values less than or equal to 0 or greater than 1 return an error
message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCSECH()
where is a variable or a parameter,
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what
is) where the computed hyperbolic arcsecant
value is stored,
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCSECH(-2)
LET A = ARCSECH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCSECH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCSECH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC SECANT VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUE
PLOT ARCSECH(X) FOR X = .01 .01 1
-----ARCSIN (LET)--------------------------------
ARCSIN
Name:
ARCSIN (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arcsine for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arcsine is the angle whose sine is equal to the given value.
The returned value is in the range -PI/2 to PI/2. By default, the
angle is returned in radian units. To get degree values, enter the
command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS resets it).
Values outside the range -1 to 1 return an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCSIN()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arcsine value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCSIN(-2)
LET A = ARCSIN(A1)
LET X2 = ARCSIN(X1)
LET X2 = ARCSIN(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL SINE VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
PLOT ARCSIN(X) FOR X = -1 .01 1
-----ARCSINH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCSINH
Name:
ARCSINH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the hyperbolic arcsine for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The hyperbolic arcsine is the value whose hyperbolic sine is equal
to the given value. The formula for the hyperbolic sine is:
arcsinh(x) = log(x + sqrt(x**2 + 1)) for all real x
Syntax:
LET = ARCSINH()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed hyperbolic arcsine value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCSINH(-2)
LET A = ARCSINH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCSINH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCSINH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC SINE VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUE
PLOT ARCSINH(X) FOR X = -10 .1 10
-----ARCTAN (LET)--------------------------------
ARCTAN
Name:
ARCTAN (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the arctangent for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The arctangent is the angle whose tangent is equal to the given
value. The returned value is in the range =PI/2 to PI/2. By
default, the angle is returned in radian units. To get degree
values, enter the command ANGLE UNITS DEGREES (ANGLE UNITS RADIANS
resets it).
Syntax:
LET = ARCTAN()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed arctangent value is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCTAN(-2)
LET A = ARCTAN(A1)
LET X2 = ARCTAN(X1)
LET X2 = ARCTAN(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTANH = Compute hyperbolic arctangent.
Reference:
Consult any standard trigonometry or pre-calculus textbook.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL TANGENT VALUE
Y1LABEL ANGLE (RADIAN UNITS)
PLOT ARCTAN(X) FOR X = -10 .1 10
-----ARCTANH (LET)--------------------------------
ARCTANH
Name:
ARCTANH (LET)
Type:
Library Function
Purpose:
Compute the hyperbolic arctangent for a variable or parameter.
Description:
The hyperbolic arctangent is the value whose hyperbolic tangent is
equal to the given value. The formula for for the hyperbolic
arctangent is:
arctanh(x) = (1/2)*log((1+x)/(1-x)) for -1 < x < 1
Values greater than or equal to 1 or less than or equal to -1
return an error message.
Syntax:
LET = ARCTANH()
where is a variable or a parameter;
is a variable or a parameter (depending on what is)
where the computed hyperbolic arctangent value is
stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = ARCTANH(-2)
LET A = ARCTANH(A1)
LET X2 = ARCTANH(X1)
LET X2 = ARCTANH(X1-4)
Note:
Library functions are distinguished from let subcommands
in the following ways.
1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis. Let
subcommands use spaces.
2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters
(i.e., single values) or variables (i.e., an array of
values) while let subcommands are specific in which they
accept as input and what they return as output.
3) Functions can accept expressions while let subcommands
do not. For example, the following is legal:
LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y1))
For let subcommands, you typically have to do something
like the following:
LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
LET A = SUM YTEMP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARCCOS = Compute arccosine.
ARCCOSH = Compute hyperbolic arccosine.
ARCCOT = Compute arccotangent.
ARCCOTH = Compute hyperbolic arccotangent.
ARCCSC = Compute arccosecant.
ARCCSCH = Compute hyperbolic arccosecant.
ARCSEC = Compute secant.
ARCSECH = Compute hyperbolic arcsecant.
ARCSIN = Compute arcsine.
ARCSINH = Compute hyperbolic arcsine.
ARCTAN = Compute arctangent.
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
X1LABEL HYPERBOLIC TANGENT VALUE
Y1LABEL INVERSE VALUES
PLOT ARCTANH(X) FOR X = -.99 .01 .99
-----ARROW-------------------------------------------------------
ARROW
Name:
ARROW
Type:
Diagrammatic Graphics Command
Purpose:
Draws an arrow.
Description:
The 2 pairs of coordinates define the (x,y) values for the tail and
the head (respectively) of the arrow.
Syntax:
ARROW
where is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the tail of the
arrow;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the tail of the
arrow;
is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the x coordinate for the head of the
arrow;
and is a number or parameter in the decimal range 0 to 100
that specifies the y coordinate for the head of the
arrow.
Examples:
ARROW 50 50 60 50
ARROW 50 50 60 60
ARROW 20 20 30 30
ARROW 20 70 50 50
ARROW X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Note:
Arrows defined by the ARROW COORDINATES command are drawn whenever
a plot is generated. Arrows defined by the ARROW command are
generated immediately.
Note:
The length and width of the arrow head are set by the HEIGHT,
WIDTH, or HW commands. The size of the base of the arrow head is
controlled by the height parameter while the distance from the base
to the tip of the arrow is controlled by the width parameter. For
further information, enter HELP HEIGHT, HELP WIDTH, or HELP HW.
Note:
By default, the arrow head is not filled. Enter the command
REGION FILL ON to generate a solid filled arrow head.
Note:
The ARROW PATTERN command sets the line style (i.e., solid or some
dash pattern). The ARROW COLOR command set the color for the
arrow. The ARROW THICKNESS command sets the line thickness for the
arrow.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ARROW COORDINATE = Generates arrows on subsequent plots.
ARROW PATTERN = Sets the line type for arrows.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for arrows.
ARROW THICKNESS = Sets the thickness for arrows.
REGION FILL = Sets the region fill switch for diagrammatic
graphics.
HEIGHT = Sets height (= length of base) for arrow head.
WIDTH = Sets width (= distance from base to the tip) for
the arrow head.
HW = Sets the height and width for the arrow head.
POINT = Draws a point.
TRIANGLE = Draws a triangle.
BOX = Draws a box.
HEXAGON = Draws a hexagon.
CIRCLE = Draws a circle.
SEMI-CIRCLE = Draws a semi-circle.
ARC = Draws an arc.
ELLIPSE = Draws an ellipse.
OVAL = Draws an oval.
DIAMOND = Draws a diamond.
DRAW = Draws a line.
MOVE = Moves to a point.
CROSS-HAIR = Activates and reads the cross-hair.
TEXT = Writes a text string.
Applications:
Presentation Graphics
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
HW 1.0 0.7
REGION FILL ON
ARROW PATTERN SOLID
ARROW THICKNESS 0.2
ARROW COLOR BLACK
LET Y2 = DATA 60 55 50 45 40 45 50 55
LET X2 = DATA 50 55 60 55 50 45 40 45
LET X1 = 50
LET Y1 = 50
LET N = SIZE Y2
LOOP FOR K = 1 1 N
LET XTEMP = X2(K)
LET YTEMP = Y2(K)
ARROW X1 Y1 XTEMP YTEMP
END OF LOOP
-----ARROW COLOR-------------------------------------------------------
ARROW COLOR
Name:
ARROW ... COLOR
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Specifies the colors for arrows to appear on subsequent plots (as
specified via the ARROW ... COORDINATES command) or arrows
generated by the ARROW command. Up to 100 arrows can be specified
with the ARROW COORDINATES command.
Syntax:
ARROW COLOR
where is an arrow identifier (an integer number or parameter)`
in the integer range 1 to 100;
and where is the desired color (enter HELP COLOR for a list
of available colors).
Examples:
ARROW 2 COLOR BLUE
ARROW 2 COLOR GREEN
Note:
Arrows can be generated in two ways. You can use the ARROW
COORDINATES command to place arrows on subsequent plots or you can
use the ARROW command to generate one arrow immediately. The ARROW
COLOR command is used to specify the color in either case. When
the ARROW command is used, the color is set to the color of the
first arrow (i.e., is 1).
Note:
An ARROW ... COLOR command with no arguments sets the arrow color
to default; thus ARROW 1 COLOR with no arguments sets the color for
arrow 1 to default. An ARROW ... COLOR command with no refers
to all 100 arrows; thus ARROW COLOR green assigns the color green
to all 100 arrows. Note also that ARROW COLOR with no and no
arguments sets the color to default for all 100 arrows.
Default:
All arrows are drawn with black lines.
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
ARROW COORDINATE = Generates arrows on subsequent plots.
ARROW PATTERN = Sets the line type for arrows.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for arrows.
ARROW THICKNESS = Sets the thickness for arrows.
REGION FILL = Sets the region fill switch for diagrammatic
graphics.
HEIGHT = Sets height (= length of base) for arrow head.
WIDTH = Sets width (= distance from base to the tip) for
the arrow head.
HW = Sets the height and width for the arrow head.
CHARACTERS COLOR = Sets the colors for plot characters.
LINE COLORS = Sets the colors for plot lines.
SPIKE COLORS = Sets the colors for plot spikes.
BAR FILL COLORS = Sets the colors for plot bar fills.
BAR PATT COLORS = Sets the colors for plot bar patterns.
BAR BORDER COLOR = Sets the colors for plot bar borders.
TITLE COLOR = Sets the color for plot title.
LABEL COLOR = Sets the color for plot labels.
LEGEND COLOR = Sets the color for plot legends.
BOX COLOR = Sets the color for plot boxes.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for plot arrows.
SEGMENT COLOR = Sets the color for plot segments.
FRAME COLOR = Sets the color for plot frame.
GRID COLOR = Sets the color for plot grids.
TIC COLOR = Sets the color for plot tics.
TIC LABEL COLOR = Sets the color for plot tic labels.
MARGIN COLOR = Sets the color for plot margin.
BACKGROUND COLOR = Sets the color for plot background.
Applications:
Presentation Graphics
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET X = DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
LET Y = DATA 2 4 60 7 9 12 14 15 18 20
.
XLIMITS 1 10
XTIC OFFSET 1 1
YLIMITS 0 60
YTIC OFFSET 0 5
.
ARROW 1 COORDINATES 45 87 36 85
ARROW 1 COLOR BLACK
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 71 46 78 45
ARROW 2 COLOR G50
.
LEGEND 1 OUTLIER
LEGEND 2 LAST POINT
LEGEND 1 COORDIANTES 47 86
LEGEND 2 COORDIANTES 69 45
LEGEND 2 JUSTIFICATION RIGHT
.
PLOT Y X
-----ARROW COORDINATES-------------------------------------------------
ARROW COORDINATES
Name:
ARROW ... COORDINATES
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Specifies the coordinates for arrows to appear on subsequent plots.
Up to 100 arrows can be specified with this command.
Description:
The 2 pairs of coordinates define the (x,y) values for the tail and
the head (respectively) of the arrow.
Syntax:
ARROW COORDINATES
where is an arrow identifier (a number or parameter) in the
integer range 1 to 100;
and where , , , are coordinates (numbers or
parameters) in the decimal range 0 to 100.
Examples:
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 50 50 60 50
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 20 70 50 50
ARROW 4 COORDINATES 20 80 40 60
ARROW 4 COORDINATES 80 80 60 70
ARROW 1 COORDINATES X1 Y1 X2 Y2
Note:
Arrows can be generated in two ways. You can use the ARROW
COORDINATES command to place arrows on subsequent plots or you can
use the ARROW command to generate one arrow immediately.
On plots, arrows drawn with the ARROW COORDINATES command use
DATAPLOT screen coordinates (i.e., 0 to 100). If you want to use
data units, use the character type VECTOR or ARROW (they differ in
how they handle the first point). In this case, the attributes
of the arrow are controlled by the various CHARACTER attribute
setting commands. See the documentation for the VECTOR PLOT
command for details.
Note:
The attributes of the arrow are controlled by the ARROW PATTERN,
ARROW COLOR, and ARROW THICKNESS commands. The ARROW COORDINATE
command always generates filled arrow heads and does not give the
user control over the size of the arrow head. The other 2 methods
for generating arrows (CHARACTER VECTOR and ARROW) do give the
user control of these attributes.
Note:
An ARROW ... COORDINATES command with no arguments omits the arrow
from subsequent plots; thus ARROW 1 COORDINATES with no arguments
omits arrow 1 from subsequent plots. An ARROW ... COORDINATES
command with no refers to all 100 arrows; thus ARROW
COORDINATES 30 80 40 60 assigns the coordinates (30,80) and (40,60)
to all 100 arrows (but this has no practical use). Note also that
ARROW COORDINATES with no and no arguments omits all 100
arrows from subsequent plots.
Default:
No arrows are drawn on subsequent plots.
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
ARROW PATTERN = Sets the line type for arrows.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for arrows.
ARROW THICKNESS = Sets the thickness for arrows.
LEGEND COORDINATES = Sets the location of plot legends.
BOX COORDINATES = Sets the location of plot boxes.
ARROW COORDINATES = Sets the location of plot arrows.
SEGMENT COORDINATE = Sets the location of plot line segments.
FRAME COORDINATES = Sets the location of the plot frame.
WINDOW COORDINATES = Sets the location of the plot window.
CURSOR COORDINATES = Sets the location of the post-plot cursor.
Applications:
Presentation Graphics
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET X = DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
LET Y = DATA 2 4 60 7 9 12 14 15 18 20
.
XLIMITS 1 10
XTIC OFFSET 1 1
YLIMITS 0 60
YTIC OFFSET 0 5
.
ARROW 1 COORDINATES 45 87 36 85
ARROW 1 PATTERN DASH
ARROW 1 THICKNESS 0.2
ARROW 1 COLOR BLACK
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 71 46 78 45
ARROW 2 PATTERN SOLID
ARROW 2 THICKNESS 0.3
ARROW 2 COLOR G50
.
LEGEND 1 OUTLIER
LEGEND 2 LAST POINT
LEGEND 1 COORDIANTES 47 86
LEGEND 2 COORDIANTES 69 45
LEGEND 2 JUSTIFICATION RIGHT
.
PLOT Y X
-----ARROW PATTERN-----------------------------------------------------
ARROW PATTERN
Name:
ARROW ... PATTERN
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Specifies the patterns for arrows to appear on subsequent plots (as
specified via the ARROW ... COORDINATES command) or arrows
generated by the ARROW command. Up to 100 arrows can be specified
with the ARROW COORDINATES command.
Syntax:
ARROW PATTERN
where is an arrow identifier (a number or parameter) in the
integer range 1 to 100;
and where is the desired line style.
Examples:
ARROW 2 PATTERN SOLID
ARROW 2 PATTERN DASH
Note:
This command is rarely used. Plot arrows are almost always drawn
with the default style (i.e., solid lines).
Note:
Arrows can be generated in two ways. You can use the ARROW
COORDINATES command to place arrows on subsequent plots or you can
use the ARROW command to generate one arrow immediately. The ARROW
PATTERN command is used to specify the pattern in either case.
When the ARROW command is used, the pattern is set to the pattern
of the first arrow (i.e., is 1).
Note:
An ARROW ... PATTERN command with no arguments sets the arrow
pattern to default; thus ARROW 1 PATTERN with no arguments sets the
pattern for arrow 1 to default. An ARROW ... PATTERN command with
no refers to all 100 arrows; thus ARROW PATTERN DASH assigns
the pattern dash to all 100 arrows. Note also that ARROW PATTERN
with no and no arguments sets the pattern to default for all
100 arrows.
Default:
All arrows are drawn with solid lines.
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
ARROW = Draws an arrow.
ARROW COORDINATE = Generates arrows on subsequent plots.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for arrows.
ARROW THICKNESS = Sets the thickness for arrows.
LINE = Sets the style for plot lines.
Applications:
Presentation Graphics
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET X = DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
LET Y = DATA 2 4 60 7 9 12 14 15 18 20
.
XLIMITS 1 10
XTIC OFFSET 1 1
YLIMITS 0 60
YTIC OFFSET 0 5
.
ARROW 1 COORDINATES 45 87 36 85
ARROW 1 PATTERN DASH
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 71 46 78 45
ARROW 2 PATTERN DOTTED
.
LEGEND 1 OUTLIER
LEGEND 2 LAST POINT
LEGEND 1 COORDIANTES 47 86
LEGEND 2 COORDIANTES 69 45
LEGEND 2 JUSTIFICATION RIGHT
.
PLOT Y X
-----ARROW THICKNESS---------------------------------------------------
ARROW THICKNESS
Name:
ARROW ... THICKNESS
Type:
Plot Control Command
Purpose:
Specifies the thicknesses for arrows to appear on subsequent plots
(as specified via the ARROW ... COORDINATES command) or arrows
generated by the ARROW command. Up to 100 arrows can be specified
with the ARROW COORDINATES command.
Syntax:
ARROW THICKNESS
where is an arrow identifier (an integer number or parameter)
in the integer range 1 to 100;
and where is the desired line thickness (a number or
parameter) in the decimal range 0 to 100.
Examples:
ARROW 2 THICKNESS 0.2
ARROW 2 THICKNESS 0.1
Note:
Arrows can be generated in two ways. You can use the ARROW
COORDINATES command to place arrows on subsequent plots or you can
use the ARROW command to generate one arrow immediately. The ARROW
THICKNESS command is used to specify the thickness in either case.
When the ARROW command is used, the thickness is set to the
thickness of the first arrow (i.e., is 1).
Note:
An ARROW ... THICKNESS command with no arguments sets the arrow
thickness to default; thus ARROW 1 THICKNESS with no arguments sets
the thickness for arrow 1 to default. An ARROW ... THICKNESS
command with no refers to all 100 arrows; thus ARROW THICKNESS
0.1 assigns the thickness 0.1 to all 100 arrows. Note also that
ARROW THICKNESS with no and no arguments sets the thickness to
default for all 100 arrows.
Default:
All arrows are drawn with a line width of 0.1.
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
ARROW COORDINATE = Generates arrows on subsequent plots.
ARROW PATTERN = Sets the line type for arrows.
ARROW COLOR = Sets the color for arrows.
LINE THICKNESS = Sets the thicknesses for plot lines.
Applications:
Presentation Graphics
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET X = DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
LET Y = DATA 2 4 60 7 9 12 14 15 18 20
.
XLIMITS 1 10
XTIC OFFSET 1 1
YLIMITS 0 60
YTIC OFFSET 0 5
.
ARROW 1 COORDINATES 45 87 36 85
ARROW 1 THICKNESS 0.3
ARROW 2 COORDINATES 71 46 78 45
ARROW 2 THICKNESS 0.2
.
LEGEND 1 OUTLIER
LEGEND 2 LAST POINT
LEGEND 1 COORDIANTES 47 86
LEGEND 2 COORDIANTES 69 45
LEGEND 2 JUSTIFICATION RIGHT
.
PLOT Y X
-----AUTOCORRELATION (LET)--------------------------------
AUTOCORRELATION
Name:
AUTOCORRELATION (LET)
Type:
Let Subcommand
Purpose:
Compute the autocorrelation for a variable.
Description:
The autocorrelation is the correlation between x(i) and x(i-1).
It is often used as a measure of randomness (a random variable
should have an autocorrelation near zero).
Syntax:
LET = AUTOCORRELATION
where is a response variable;
is a parameter where the computed autocorrelation is
stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = AUTOCORRELATION Y1
LET A = AUTOCORRELATION Y1 SUBSET TAG > 2
Note:
This command computes the autocorrelation for lag 1 (i.e., for x(i)
vs. x(i-1)). To compute it for other lags, do the following:
AUTOCORRELATION PLOT Y1
LET LAG = 3
LET AC = YPLOT(LAG)
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
AUTOCORRELATION PLOT = Generate an autocorrelation plot.
AUTOCORRELATION STAT PLOT = Generate an autocorrelation versus
subset plot.
AUTOCOVARIANCE = Compute the autocovariance.
CORRELATION = Compute the correlation between two
variables.
Applications:
Time Series Analysis, Exploratory Data Analysis
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET Y1 = EXPONENTIAL RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
LET A1 = AUTOCORRELATION Y1
-----AUTOCOVARIANCE (LET)--------------------------------
AUTOCOVARIANCE
Name:
AUTOCOVARIANCE (LET)
Type:
Let Subcommand
Purpose:
Compute the autocovariance for a variable.
Description:
The autocovariance is the covariance between x(i) and x(i-1).
Syntax:
LET = AUTOCOVARIANCE
where is a response variable;
is a parameter where the computed autocovariance is
stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = AUTOCOVARIANCE Y1
LET A = AUTOCOVARIANCE Y1 SUBSET TAG > 2
Note:
This command computes the autocovariance for lag 1 (i.e., for x(i)
vs. x(i-1)). To compute it for lag 1 through n, do the following:
LET NSIZE = SIZE Y1
LET TAG = SEQUENCE 1 1 NSIZE
LOOP FOR K = 1 1 N
LET LAG = K
LET YTEMP1 = Y1
RETAIN YTEMP1 SUBSET TAG > LAG
LET YTEMP2 = Y1
LET TEMP = NSIZE - LAG
RETAIN YTEMP2 SUBSET TAG < TEMP
LET TEMP = COVARIANCE YTEMP1 YTEMP2
LET AC(LAG) = TEMP
END OF LOOP
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
AUTOCORRELATION PLOT = Generate an autocovariance plot.
AUTOCOVARIANCE STAT PLOT = Generate an autocovariance vs.
subset plot.
AUTOCORRELATION = Compute the autocorrelation.
COVARIANCE = Compute the covariance between two
variables.
Applications:
Time Series Analysis
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
LET Y1 = EXPONENTIAL RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
LET A1 = AUTOCOVARIANCE Y1
-----AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT----------------------------------------
AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT
Name:
AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT
Type:
Graphics Command
Purpose:
Generates an autocovariance statistics plot.
Description:
An autocovariance statistics plot is a plot consisting of
subsample autocovariances versus subsample index. The subsample
autocovariance is the autocovariance of the data in the
subsample. This plot is used to answer the question-- "Does the
subsample autocovariance change over different subsamples?". The
plot consists of:
Vertical axis = subsample autocovariance;
Horizontal axis = subsample index.
The AUTOCOVARIANCE STATISTICS PLOT yields 2 traces:
1. a subsample autocovariance trace; and
2. a full-sample autocovariance reference line.
Like usual, the appearance of these 2 traces is controlled by the
first 2 settings of the LINES, CHARACTERS, SPIKES, BARS, and
similar attributes.
Syntax:
AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT
where is the response (i.e., dependent) variable;
is the subsample identifier variable (this variable
appears on horizontal axis);
and where the is optional.
Examples:
AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT Y X
AUTOCOVARIANCE PLOT Y X1 SUBSET X1 > 5
Default:
None
Synonyms:
AUTOCOVARIANCE STATISTIC PLOT
Related Commands:
CHARACTERS = Sets the types for plot characters.
LINES = Sets the types for plot lines.
AUTOCOVARIANCE = Computes the autocovariance of a
variable.
AUTOCORRELATION STAT PLOT = Generates an autocorrelation versus
subset plot.
MEAN PLOT = Generates a mean versus subset plot.
STANDARD DEVIATION PLOT = Generates a standard deviation versus
subset plot.
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
Applications:
Exploratory Data Analysis
Implementation Date:
88/2
Program:
SKIP 25
READ SUNSPOT.DAT Y MONTH
CHARACTER CIRCLE BLANK
LINE BLANK SOLID
XLIMITS 1 12
XTIC OFFSET 0.5 0.5
X1TIC MARK LABEL FORMAT ALPHA
X1TIC MARK LABEL CONTENTS JAN FEB MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG ...
SEP OCT NOV DEC
MINOR XTIC MARK NUMBER 0
Y1LABEL AUTOCOVARIANCE
AUTOCOVARIANCE STAT PLOT Y MONTH
-----AUTOCORRELATION STAT PLOT----------------------------------------
AUTOCORRELATION STATISTICS PLOT
Name:
AUTOCORRELATION STATISTICS PLOT
Type:
Graphics Command
Purpose:
Generates an autocorrelation statistics plot.
Description:
An autocorrelation statistics plot is a plot consisting of
subsample autocorrelations versus subsample index. The subsample
autocorrelation is the autocorrelation of the data in the
subsample. This plot is used to answer the question-- "Does the
subsample autocorrelation change over different subsamples?". The
plot consists of:
Vertical axis = subsample autocorrelation;
Horizontal axis = subsample index.
The AUTOCORRELATION STATISTICS PLOT yields 2 traces:
1. a subsample autocorrelation trace; and
2. a full-sample autocorrelation reference line.
Like usual, the appearance of these 2 traces is controlled by the
first 2 settings of the LINES, CHARACTERS, SPIKES, BARS, and
similar attributes.
Syntax:
AUTOCORRELATION STATISTICS PLOT
where is the response (i.e., dependent) variable;
is the subsample identifier variable (this variable
appears on horizontal axis);
and where the is optional.
Examples:
AUTOCORRELATION STATISTICS PLOT Y X
AUTO STAT PLOT Y X1
Note:
The AUTOCORRELATION PLOT is a distinct command (enter HELP
CORRELATION PLOT for details), so the word STAT is required.
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
CHARACTERS = Sets the types for plot characters.
LINES = Sets the types for plot lines.
MEAN PLOT = Generates a mean plot.
MEDIAN PLOT = Generates a median plot.
MIDMEAN PLOT = Generates a midmean plot.
MIDRANGE PLOT = Generates a midrange plot.
TRIMMED MEAN PLOT = Generates a trimmed mean plot.
WINDSOR MEAN PLOT = Generates a Windsorized mean plot
SD PLOT = Generates a standard deviation plot.
PLOT = Generates a data or function plot.
Applications:
Exploratory Data Analysis
Implementation Date:
88/2
Program:
SKIP 25
READ SUNSPOT.DAT Y MONTH
CHARACTER CIRCLE BLANK
LINE BLANK SOLID
XLIMITS 1 12
XTIC OFFSET 0.5 0.5
X1TIC MARK LABEL FORMAT ALPHA
X1TIC MARK LABEL CONTENTS JAN FEB MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG ...
SEP OCT NOV DEC
MINOR XTIC MARK NUMBER 0
Y1LABEL AUTOCORRELATION
AUTOCORRELATION STAT PLOT Y MONTH
-----AUTOMATIC-------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC
Name:
AUTOMATIC
Type:
Keyword
Purpose:
Sets the DATAPLOT switch in question to the "automatic" position.
Syntax:
AUTOMATIC
Examples:
X3LABEL AUTOMATIC
FILTER WIDTH AUTOMATIC
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
ON = Allows switches to be set to "on".
OFF = Allows switches to be set to "off".
DEFAULT = Allows switches to be set to "default".
Applications:
XX
Implementation Date:
XX
Program:
XX
-----AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (LET)-------------------------------
AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION
Name:
AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (LET)
Type:
Let Subcommand
Purpose:
Compute the average absolute deviation for a variable.
Description:
The average absolute deviation is:
AAD = SUM(ABS(X-XBAR))/N
where ABS is the absolute value, XBAR is the mean of the variable,
and N is the number of observations. This statistic is sometimes
used as an alternative to the standard deviation.
Syntax:
LET = AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION
where is the response variable;
is a parameter where the computed average absolute
deviation is stored;
and where the is optional.
Examples:
LET A = AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION Y1
LET A = AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION Y1 SUBSET TAG > 2
Default:
None
Synonyms:
None
Related Commands:
STANDARD DEVIATION = Compute the standard deviation of a variable.
VARIANCE = Compute the variance of a variable.
RANGE = Compute the range of a variable.
Applications:
Data Analysis
Implementation Date:
Pre-1987
Program:
LET Y1 = NORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
LET A1 = AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVIATION Y1
---------------------------------------------------------