[ home / graphics / systems / DATAPLOT ]

[ overview / new / dictionary / commands ]

DATAPLOT Overview


Overview


DATAPLOT is a language for
 
   1) graphics (continuous or discrete);
   2) fitting (non-linear or linear);
   3) general data analysis;
   4) mathematics.
 
DATAPLOT commands are high-level, English-syntax, and
self-descriptive, such as
 
   PLOT Y X
   PLOT EXP(-X**2) FOR X = -3 .1 3
   FIT Y = A+B*EXP(-ALPHA*X)
   BOX PLOT Y X
   ANOVA Y X1 X2 X3
   LET A = ROOTS SIN(X**2)+EXP(-X) FOR X = 0 TO 5
 
The 3 most important commands are PLOT, FIT, and LET.  The "average"
analyst commonly uses about 20 commands.  The language as a whole
consists of over 200 commands.  These 200+ commands are in 7 command
categories.  For a list of commands within each command category,
enter HELP followed by the category name--
 
   1) Graphics               HELP GRAPHICS
   2) Diagrammatic Graphics  HELP DIAGRAMMATIC GRAPHICS
   3) Analysis               HELP ANALYSIS
   4) Plot Control           HELP PLOT CONTROL
   5) Support                HELP SUPPORT
   6) Output Devices         HELP OUTPUT DEVICES
   7) Keywords               HELP KEYWORDS
 
For syntax, default, etc. information about an individual command,
enter HELP followed by the command name, as in
 
   HELP PLOT
   HELP FIT
   HELP LET
 
For a listing of built-in library functions (which can be employed in
any PLOT, FIT, LET, etc. command), enter HELP FUNCTIONS.
 
For a listing of subcommands under the LET command (for computing
statistics, carrying out math operations, and generating random
numbers), enter HELP LET SUBCOMMANDS.
 
For information on capitalization and subscripting, and a listing of
Greek, math, and other special symbols in the TEXT, TITLE, LABEL, and
LEGEND commands, enter HELP TEXT SUBCOMMANDS.
 
For a listing of available character types, line types, and color
types, respectively, enter
 
   HELP CHARACTER TYPES
   HELP LINE TYPES
   HELP COLOR TYPES
 
Dataplot has a number of useful reference files.  The following
reference ASCII files may be scanned via the LIST and SEARCH
commands (do not forget the    .    at the end of the file name):
 
     File         LIST Example        SEARCH Example
  ...................................................................
   DATASETS.      LIST DATASETS.      SEARCH DATASETS. REGRESSION
   DISTRIBUTIONS. LIST DISTRIBUTIONS. SEARCH DISTRIBUTIONS. SYMMETRIC
   DESIGNS.       LIST DESIGNS.       SEARCH DESIGNS. L18
 
   COMMANDS.      LIST COMMANDS.      SEARCH COMMANDS. LABEL
   SYNTAX.        LIST SYNTAX.        SEARCH SYNTAX FIT
   FUNCTIONS.     LIST FUNCTIONS.     SEARCH FUNCTIONS. NORMAL
   SUBCOMMANDS.   LIST SUBCOMMANDS.   SEARCH SUBCOMMANDS. MEAN
   INLINE.        LIST INLINE.        SEARCH INLINE. CIRCLE
 
   PROGRAMS.      LIST PROGRAMS.      SEARCH PROGRAMS. DEX
   MACROS.        LIST MACROS.        SEARCH MACROS. DEX
 
   DEFAULTS.      LIST DEFAULTS.      SEARCH DEFAULTS. CHARACTERS


Graphics


Graphics Commands
 
Commands in this category generate various kinds of plots, such as
y-x scatter plots, histograms, and spectral plots.  Examples include
PLOT, HISTOGRAM, and SPECTRUM.  The commands in this category are--
 
X-Y PLOTS:
   PLOT                  Generate a plot of a variable and/or function
   ERROR BAR PLOT        Generate an error bar plot
   VECTOR PLOT           Generate a vector plot (pairs of points
                         connected with arrows)
 
3-D PLOTS:
   3-D PLOT              Generate a 3-dimensional plot of a variable
                         and/or function
   CONTOUR PLOT          Generate a contour plot
 
DISTRIBUTIONAL PLOTS:
   ... HISTOGRAM         Generate a histogram--count, cumulative count,
                         relative, or cumulative relative
   ... BIHISTOGRAM       Generate a bi-histogram--count, cumulative,
                         relative, or cumulative relative
   ... FREQUENCY PLOT    Generate a frequency plot--count, cumulative,
                         relative, or cumulative relative
   ... ROOTOGRAM         Generate a rootogram plot
   STEM AND LEAF PLOT    Generate a stem and leaf diagram
   PIE CHART             Generate a pie chart
   ... PROBABILITY PLOT  Generate a probability plot (24 distributions)
   ... PPCC PLOT         Generate a probability plot correlation
                         coefficient plot (9 families)
   NORMAL PLOT           Generate a normal plot
   BOX-COX NORM PLOT     Generate a Box-Cox normality plot
   BOX-COX LINE PLOT     Generate a Box-Cox linearity plot
   BOX-COX HOMO PLOT     Generate a Box-Cox homoscedasticity plot
   PERCENT POINT PLOT    Generate a percent point plot
   QUANT-QUANT PLOT      Generate a quantile-quantile plot
   SYMMETRY PLOT         Generate a symmetry plot
   4 PLOT                Generate 4-plot for univariate analysis
 
TIME SERIES PLOTS:
   RUN SEQUENCE PLOT     Generate a run sequence plot
   LAG ... PLOT          Generate a lag plot for a given lag number
   ... CORRELATION PLOT  Generate an auto- or cross-correlation plot
   ... SPECTRAL PLOT     Generate auto-, cross-, etc spectral plot
   ... PERIODOGRAM       Generate auto- or cross-periodogram
   COMP DEMOD PLOT       Generate complex demodulation amp/phase plot
   AV PLOT               Generate an Allan variance plot
   ASD PLOT              Generate an Allan standard deviation plot
 
QUALITY CONTROL PLOTS:
   ... CONTROL CHART     Generate a C, U, N, NP, mean, sd, or range
                         control chart
   Q ... CONTROL CHART   Generate Quesenberry style control charts
   TAGUCHI ... PLOT      Generate a Taguchi signal-to-noise ratio chart
 
MULTUVARIATE PLOTS:
   ANDREWS PLOT          Generate Andrews curves
   PROFILE PLOT          Generate a profile plot
   STAR PLOT             Generate a star plot
   SYMBOL PLOT           Generate a plot of variable with character
                         attributes controlled by other variables
 
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE, DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS PLOTS:
   ... BLOCK PLOT        Generate a block plot
   BOX PLOT              Generate box plot
   DEX ... PLOT          Generate a wide variety of design of
                         experiment plots
 
STATISTICAL PLOTS:
   ANOP PLOT             Generate a analysis of proportions plot
   BOOT ... STAT PLOT    Generate a bootstrap plot for a statistic
   JACK ... STAT PLOT    Generate a jackknife plot for a statistic
   FRACTAL PLOT          Generate a fractal plot
   I PLOT                Generate an I plot
   PARETO PLOT           Generate a Pareto plot
   PHASE PLANE DIAGRAM   Generate a phase plane diagram plot
   ... STATISTIC PLOT    Generate a plot of a given statistic against
                         subsets of the data
 
RELIABILITY, EXTREME VALUE ANALYSIS
   TAIL AREA PLOT        Generate a tail area plot
   CME PLOT              Generate a conditional mean exceedance plot
   WEIBULL PLOT          Generate a Weibull plot
 
The ... in some of the commands indicates user-defined options for the
command, as in
   NORMAL PROBABILITY PLOT, UNIFORM PROBABILITY PLOT, etc.
   AUTOCORRELATION PLOT, CROSS-CORRELATION PLOT
   MEAN CONTROL CHART, RANGE CONTROL CHART, etc.
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP PLOT
   HELP PROBABILITY PLOT
   HELP CONTROL CHART
 


Diagrammatic Graphics


Diagrammatic Graphics Commands
 
Commands in this category generate text strings, diagrams, schematics,
word charts, etc., and specify details (e.g., character font and
character height) of elements on such diagrams.  Examples include
MOVE, DRAW, CIRCLE, BOX, TEXT, FONT, and HEIGHT.  The commands in this
category are--
 
DEVICE ATTRIBUTES
   WINDOW                Specify the graphics region in 0 to 100 units
   BACKGROUND COLOR      Specify the color of the background after the
                         next screen erase
   ERASE                 Erase the current screen
   COPY                  Copy the current screen onto local hardcopy
   RING BELL             Ring the bell
 
TEXT ATTRIBUTES
   FONT                  Specify the text font (TRIPLEX, COMPLEX, etc.)
   CASE                  Specify the text case (UPPER, LOWER)
   HEIGHT                Specify the text height in 0 to 100 units
   WIDTH                 Specify the text width in 0 to 100 units
   HW                    Specify the text height and width
   VERTICAL SPACING      Specify the vertical spacing between lines in
                         0 to 100 units
   HORIZONTAL SPACING    Specify the horizontal spacing between
                         characters in 0 to 100 units
   THICKNESS             Specify the text line width in 0 to 100 units
   COLOR                 Specify the text color (RED, BLUE, etc.)
   JUSTIFICATION         Specify the text justification (LEFT, CENTER,
                         RIGHT)
   CR                    Specify automatic carriage return after TEXT
   LF                    Specify an automatic line feed after TEXT
   CRLF                  Specify an automatic carriage return/line feed
                         after TEXT
   MARGIN                Specify the position for carriage return in 0
                         to 100 units
   ()                    Specify a math or Greek character in TEXT
 
LINE ATTRIBUTES
   LINES                 Specify the line type for figures (SOLID, DOT,
                         etc.)
   LINE THICKNESS        Specify the line thicknesses in 0 to 100 units
   LINE COLORS           Specify the line colors (RED, BLUE, etc.)
 
GRAPHICS INPUT
   CROSS-HAIR (or CH)    Activate and read the cross-hair (returned
                         value in 0 to 100 units)
 
TEXT
   TEXT                  Write out text
 
GRAPHICAL FIGURES (coordinates specified in 0 to 100 units)
   MOVE                  Move to a point
   MOVEDATA              Move to a point (in units of the most recent
                         plot)
   DRAW                  Draw a line
 
   POINT                 Draw a point
   ARROW                 Draw an arrow
   TRIANGLE              Draw a triangle
   BOX                   Draw a box
   HEXAGON               Draw a hexagon
   CIRCLE                Draw a circle
   SEMI-CIRCLE           Draw a semi-circle
   ARC                   Draw an arc
   ELLIPSE               Draw an ellipse
   OVAL                  Draw an oval
   DIAMOND               Draw a diamond
   CUBE                  Draw a cube
   PYRAMID               Draw a pyramid
   LATTICE               Draw a lattice
 
   AMPLIFIER             Draw an amplifier
   CAPACITOR             Draw a capacitor
   GROUND                Draw a ground
   INDUCTOR              Draw an inductor
   RESISTOR              Draw a resistor
 
   AND                   Draw an and box
   OR                    Draw an or box
   NAND       [not work] Draw a nand box
   NOR                   Draw a nor box
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP FONT
   HELP TEXT
   HELP AMPLIFIER
 


Analysis


Analysis Commands
 
Commands in this category carry out mathematical/statistical analyses
such as fitting, transformations, and smoothing.  Examples of such
commands include FIT, LET, and SMOOTH.  The commands in this category
are--
 
DATA AND FUNCTION TRANSFORMATIONS
   LET                     Define variables and parameters, calculate
                           statistics, find roots, derivatives, and
                           integrals
   LET FUNCTION            Define and operate on functions and
                           differentiate functions
 
STATISTICAL SUMMARIES AND TESTS
   SUMMARY                 Compute summary statistics
   T TEST                  Carry out a 1- or 2-sample t test
   F TEST                  Carry out a 2-sample F test
   CHI-SQUARE TEST         Carry out a 1-sample chi-square test
   CONFIDENCE LIMITS MEAN  Compute the confidence limits for the mean
   RUNS                    Carry out a runs analysis
   TABULATE                Tabulate counts, means, standard deviations,
                           and ranges of data
   CROSS TABULATE          Tabulate counts, means, standard deviations,
                           and ranges of data from a pair of variables
 
FITTING AND SMOOTHING
   ... FIT                 Perform least squares linear or non-linear
                           fit
   ... PRE-FIT             Perform pre-fit analysis for starting values
   EXACT ... RATIONAL FIT  Perform an exact rational function fit
   ... SPLINE FIT          Perform a spline fit
   ... SMOOTH              Perform various types of smoothing for
                           equi-spaced data
   LOWESS SMOOTH           Perform locally weighted least squares
                           smoothing
 
EXPERIMENT DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
   ANOVA                   Perform an analysis of variance
   MEDIAN POLISH           Perform a robust analysis of variance
   YATES ANALYSIS          Perform a Yates analysis
   DEX PHD                 Perform a pHd (principal Hessian directions)
                           analysis of a Yates design
 
QUALITY CONTROL
   CAPABILITY ANALYSIS     Generate a table of capability analysis
                           statistics
 
The ... in some of the commands indicates user-defined options for the
command, as in
   LINEAR SPLINE FIT, CUBIC SPLINE FIT, etc.
   LINEAR SMOOTH, CUBIC SMOOTH, ROBUST SMOOTH, etc.
   EXACT 1/1 RATIONAL FIT, EXACT 2/3 RATIONAL FIT, etc.
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP ANOVA
   HELP LET
   HELP MEDIAN POLISH
 


Plot Control


Plot Control Commands
 
Commands in this category specify details of subsequent plots, such as
line type, labels, and log scale.  Examples include LINES, LABEL, and
LOG.  The commands in this category are--
 
PAGE CONTROL
   MULTIPLOT CORNER COORD     Specify the location of the multi-plot
                              region
   MULTIPLOT                  Specify the number of plot regions on a
                              page
   WINDOW CORNER COORD        Specify the portion of the device area
                              to use
   ORIENTATION                Specify whether plots are generated in
                              landscape, portrait, or poster mode
 
TITLE ATTRIBUTES
   TITLE                      Specify the title at the top of the plot
   TITLE AUTOMATIC            Specify an automatically generated title
   TITLE CASE                 Specify the case for the plot title
   TITLE COLOR                Specify the color for the plot title
   TITLE DISPLACEMEMNT        Specify the distance from frame to title
   TITLE FONT                 Specify the font for the plot title
   TITLE SIZE                 Specify the size (height) for plot title
   TITLE THICKNESS            Specify the thickness for the plot title
 
AXIS LABEL ATTRIBUTES
   ...LABEL                   Specify axis labels to appear at the
                              sides and bottom of the plot
   ...LABEL AUTOMATIC         Specify automatically generated labels
   ...LABEL CASE              Specify the case for plot labels
   ...LABEL COLOR             Specify the colors for plot labels
   ...LABEL DISPLACEMENT      Specify the distance from frame to labels
   ...LABEL FILL              Specify the fill switch for axis labels
   ...LABEL FONT              Specify the font for plot labels
   ...LABEL SIZE              Specify the size (height) for plot labels
   ...LABEL THICKNESS         Specify the thickness for plot labels
 
LEGEND ATTRIBUTES
   LEGEND ...                 Specify the text for plot legends
   LEGEND ... ANGLE           Specify the angle for plot legends
   LEGEND ... CASE            Specify the case for plot legends
   LEGEND ... COLOR           Specify the color for plot legends
   LEGEND ... COORDINATES     Specify the positions for plot legends
   LEGEND ... DIRECTION       Specify the direction for plot legends
   LEGEND ..  FILL            Specify the fill switch for plot legends
   LEGEND ... FONT            Specify the font for plot legends
   LEGEND ... HW              Specify height and width for plot legends
   LEGEND ... JUSTIFICATION   Specify justification for plot legends
   LEGEND ... SIZE            Specify size (height) for plot legends
   LEGEND ... THICKNESS       Specify the thickness for plot legends
 
CHARACTER ATTRIBUTES
   CHARACTERS                 Specify the plot character types (X,
                              SQUARE, etc.)
   CHARACTER ANGLE            Specify the angle for plot characters
   CHARACTER AUTOMATIC        Specify a variable to use as arguments
                              for the CHARACTERS command
   CHARACTER CASE             Specify the case for plot characters
   CHARACTER COLORS           Specify the colors for plot characters
   CHARACTER FILL             Specify fill switch for plot characters
   CHARACTER FONT             Specify the font for plot characters
   CHARACTER HW               Specify the character height and width
   CHARACTER JUSTIFICATION    Specify justification for plot characters
   CHARACTER OFFSET           Specify the offset (i.e., displacement)
                              for plot characters
   CHARACTER SIZES            Specify the height for plot characters
   CHARACTER THICKNESS        Specify the thickness for plot characters
   CHARACTER WIDTH            Specify the width for plot characters
 
LINE ATTRIBUTES
   LINES                      Specify the line types (SOLID, DOT, DASH,
                              etc.) for plot lines
   LINE THICKNESS             Specify the thicknesses for plot lines
   LINE COLORS                Specify the colors for plot lines
 
SPIKE ATTRIBUTES
   SPIKE                      Specify the existence (ON/OFF) of plot
                              spikes
   SPIKE BASE                 Specify base locations for plot spikes
   SPIKE COLOR                Specify the colors for plot spikes
   SPIKE DIRECTION            Specify the directions (H or V) for plot
                              spikes
   SPIKE LINE                 Specify the line types for plot spikes
   SPIKE THICKNESS            Specify the thicknesses for plot spikes
 
BAR ATTRIBUTES
   BAR                        Specify existence (ON/OFF) of bars on plots
   BAR BASE                   Specify the base locations for plot bars
   BAR BORDER COLOR           Specify the plot bar border colors
   BAR BORDER LINE            Specify the plot bar border line types
   BAR BORDER THICKNESS       Specify the plot bar border thicknesses
   BAR DIMENSION              Specify the bar dimensions to be 2d or 3d
   BAR DIRECTION              Specify the bar directions to be
                              horizontal or vertical
   BAR FILL                   Specify the existence (ON/OFF) of bar
                              fills
   BAR FILL COLOR             Specify the bar fill (background) colors
   BAR PATTERN                Specify the bar fill pattern types
   BAR PATTERN COLOR          Specify the bar fill pattern colors
   BAR PATTERN LINE TYPE      Specify the bar fill pattern line types
   BAR PATTERN SPACING        Specify bar fill pattern line spacings
   BAR PATTERN THICKNESS      Specify bar fill pattern line thicknesses
   BAR WIDTH                  Specify the widths for plot bars
 
REGION ATTRIBUTES
   REGION BASE                Specify base locations for plot regions
   REGION FILL                Specify the existence (ON/OFF) of
                              regions on plots
   REGION FILL COLOR          Specify the region solid fill colors
   REGION PATTERN             Specify the region fill pattern types
   REGION PATTERN COLOR       Specify the region hatch pattern colors
   REGION PATTERN LINE TYPE   Specify region fill pattern line types
   REGION PATTERN SPACING     Specify region fill pattern line spacings
   REGION PATTERN THICKNESS   Specify the region fill pattern line
                              thicknesses
 
BACKGROUND ATTRIBUTES
   BACKGROUND COLOR           Specify background color inside the frame
   MARGIN COLOR               Specify background color outside the
                              frame
 
FRAME ATTRIBUTES
   ...FRAME                   Specify existence (ON/OFF) of plot frame
   FRAME CORNER COORDINATES   Specify the plot frame location and shape
   ...FRAME COLOR             Specify the plot frame colors
   ...FRAME THICKNESS         Specify the plot frame line thicknesses
   ...FRAME PATTERN           Specify the plot frame line types
 
SCALE ATTRIBUTES
   ...MINIMUM                 Specify minima to appear on plot frame
   ...MAXIMUM                 Specify maxima to appear on plot frame
   ...LIMITS                  Specify the limits (minimum and maximum)
                              for the plot frame
   ...LOG                     Specify the existence (ON/OFF) of
                              a logarithmic scale
 
GRID ATTRIBUTES
   ...GRID                    Specify existence (ON/OFF) of grid lines
   ...GRID LINE               Specify the line types of the plot grid
   ...GRID COLOR              Specify the line colors of the plot grid
   ...GRID THICKNESS          Specify line thicknesses of the plot grid
   GMINOR                     Specify the existence of minor grid lines
 
TIC MARK ATTRIBUTES
   ...TIC MARK                Specify existence (ON/OFF) of tic marks
   ...TIC MARK COLOR          Specify the plot tic mark colors
   ...TIC MARK OFFSET         Specify the distance from the frame
                              corner to the first and last tic marks
   TIC OFFSET UNITS           Specify the tic offset units (data units
                              or DATAPLOT 0 to 100 units)
   ...TIC MARK POSITION       Specify the plot tic mark positions
                              (in/out/thru)
   ...TIC MARK SIZE           Specify the plot tic mark sizes
   ...TIC MARK THICKNESS      Specify the plot tic mark thicknesses
   ...MAJOR TIC MARK NUMBER   Specify the number of major tic marks
   ...MINOR TIC MARK NUMBER   Specify the number of minor tic marks
 
TIC MARK LABEL ATTRIBUTES
   ...TIC MARK LABEL          Specify existence (ON/OFF) of tic mark labels
   ...TIC MARK LABEL ANGLE    Specify the plot tic mark label angles
   ...TIC MARK LABEL CASE     Specify the plot tic mark label cases
   ...TIC MARK LABEL COLOR    Specify the plot tic mark label colors
   ...TIC MARK LABEL CONTENT  Specify alphanumeric tic mark labels
   ...TIC MARK LABEL DECIMAL  Specify the number of digits to the right
                              of the decimal point
   ...TIC MARK LABEL DIRECT   Specify the tic mark label directions
   ...TIC MARK LABEL DISPLAC  Specify tic mark label to frame distances
   ...TIC MARK LABEL FONT     Specify the plot tic mark label fonts
   ...TIC MARK LABEL FORMAT   Specify the plot tic mark label formats
                              (real/exponential/power/alpha)
   ...TIC MARK LABEL HW       Specify tic mark label heights and widths
   ...TIC MARK LABEL JUST     Specify the tic mark label justifications
   ...TIC MARK LABEL SIZE     Specify the plot tic mark label heights
   ...TIC MARK LABEL THICK    Specify the tic mark label thicknesses
 
ARROW ATTRIBUTES
   ARROW ... COORDINATES      Specify the location of arrows
   ARROW ... COLOR            Specify the colors for arrows
   ARROW ... PATTERN          Specify the line types for arrows
   ARROW ... THICKNESS        Specify line thicknesses for arrows
 
BOX ATTRIBUTES
   BOX ... CORNER COORDINATES Specify location of plot boxes
   BOX ... COLOR              Specify the frame colors for boxes
   BOX ... PATTERN            Specify the frame line types for boxes
   BOX ... THICKNESS          Specify the frame thicknesses for boxes
   BOX ... FILL COLOR         Specify the pattern fill colors for boxes
   BOX ... FILL GAP           Specify pattern fill line spacings for
                              boxes
   BOX ... FILL LINE          Specify pattern fill line types for boxes
   BOX ... FILL PATTERN       Specify the pattern fill types for boxes
   BOX ... FILL THICKNESS     Specify the pattern fill line thickness
                              for boxes
   BOX ... SHADOW HW          Specify the shadow sizes for boxes
 
SEGMENT ATTRIBUTES
   SEGMENT ... COORDINATES    Specify location of plot line segments
   SEGMENT ... COLOR          Specify the colors for plot line segments
   SEGMENT ... PATTERN        Specify line types for plot line segments
   SEGMENT ... THICKNEESS     Specify line thicknesses for plot line
                              segments
 
3D ATTRIBUTES
   EYE COORDINATES            Specify the eye location for a 3d plot
   ROTATE EYE                 Rotate the eye coordinates
   3DFRAME                    Specify the type of frame to draw on a
                              3D plot
   ORIGIN COORDINATES         Specify the reference origin for 3d plot
   PEDESTAL        [not work] Specify the existence (ON/OFF) of a
                              pedestal on 3d plots
   PEDESTAL SIZE   [not work] Specify the pedestal size on 3d plots
   PEDESTAL COLOR  [not work] Specify the pedestal color on 3d plots
   VISIBLE         [not work] Specify whether background lines are
                              visible on 3d plots
 
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT PLOT ATTRIBUTES
   DEX DEPTH                  Specify depth of DEX interaction terms
   DEX HORIZONTAL AXIS        Specify horizontal axis for DEX plots
   DEX WIDTH                  Specify the width of levels for DEX plots
 
MISCELLANEOUS ATTRIBUTES
   PRE-ERASE                  Specify whether subsequent plots perform
                              an initial screen erase (ON/OFF)
   BELL                       Specify whether subsequent plots ring the
                              bell before plotting (ON/OFF)
   SEQUENCE                   Specify whether subsequent plots contain
                              an automatic sequence number (ON/OFF)
   HARDCOPY                   Specify whether subsequent plots have
                              automatic hardcopy generated (ON/OFF)
   PRE-SORT                   Specify whether subsequent plots pre-sort
                              the data before plotting (ON/OFF)
 
   HORIZONTAL SWITCH          Specify whether plots are generated
                              horizontally or vertically
 
 
The ... in some of the commands indicates user-defined options for
the command, as in
   X1LABEL, X2LABEL, X3LABEL, Y1LABEL, Y2LABEL
   LEGEND 1 COORDINATES, LEGEND 2 COORDINATES, etc.
   XLOG, YLOG, X1LOG, X2LOG, Y1LOG, Y2LOG
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP TITLE
   HELP LOG
   HELP ARROW COLOR
 


Support


Support Commands
 
Commands in this category carry out secondary operations, such as input
and output and defining trigonometric units.  Examples of commands are
READ, WRITE, and DEGREES.  The commands in this category are--
 
ONLINE HELP
   HELP                    Print short documentation for a command
   STATUS                  Print the status of all lines, characters,
                           variables, and parameters
   NEWS                    Print general news from the DATAPLOT service
                           organization (documents new commands)
   MAIL                    Print a message from the DATAPLOT service
                           organization to a user
   MESSAGE   [not working] Send a message to the DATAPLOT service
                           organization
   BUGS                    List known bugs
   EXPERT [not working]    Invoke the expert subsystem
 
INPUT AND OUTPUT
   READ                    Read variables
   SERIAL READ             Read variables serially
   READ PARAMETER          Read parameters
   READ FUNCTION           Read 1 line of functions (= READ STRING)
   READ STRING             Read 1 line of strings (= READ FUNCTION)
   READ MATRIX             Read a matrix
   WRITE (or PRINT)        Write variables, parameters, functions, or
                           matrices to either the terminal or a file
   SKIP                    Specify the number of header lines to skip
                           for subsequent READ and SERIAL READ commands
   ROW LIMITS              Specify READ and SERIAL READ row limits
   COLUMN LIMITS           Specify READ and SERIAL READ column limits
   END OF DATA             Define end of data for READ and SERIAL READ
 
RE-EXECUTE PREVIOUS COMMANDS AND TERMINAL CONTROL
   REPEAT                  Re-execute one or more of last 20 commands
   SAVE                    Save one or more of the last 20 commands
   /                       Re-execute saved commands
   PAUSE                   Wait for a carriage return before
                           continuing execution
   PROMPT                  Specify whether a DATAPLOT prompt is
                           printed after a command completes
 
SAVING, RE-DIRECTING, AND PRINTING OUTPUT
   CAPTURE                 Re-direct alphanumeric output to a file
   END OF CAPTURE          Re-direct alphanumeric output to the screen
   / LP  [host dependent]  Re-execute the saved commands and send the
                           alphanumeric output to a printer
   / LPT1                  Synonym for "/ LP"
   / PRINTER               Synonym for "/ LP"
   /  [host depend]  Re-execute the saved commands and send the
                           alphanumeric output to the named file
   PP  [host dependent]    Send a copy of most recent plot to printer
 
LISTING
   LIST                    List the last 20 commands or print the
                           contents of a file
   NLIST                   Print the contents of a file with line
                           numbers
   COLUMN RULER            Prints out a column header denoting columns
                           1 through 80
 
DATAPLOT FEEDBACK
   ECHO                    Specify automatic echo of command lines
                           (ON/OFF)
   FEEDBACK                Allow/suppress feedback printing (ON/OFF)
   PRINTING                Allow/suppress analysis printing (ON/OFF)
 
REINITIALIZING/EXITING
   RESET                   "Zero-out" all variables, parameters,
                           functions, etc
   SAVE MEMORY             Dump all variables, parameters, and
                           functions to a mass storage file
   RESTORE MEMORY          Restore all saved variables, parameters, and
                           functions from mass storage
   EXIT                    Exit from DATAPLOT (Synonyms are STOP, END,
                           HALT, QUIT)
 
WORKSPACE
   DIMENSION               Specify dimensions of internal data storage
 
MODIFYING VARIABLES
   DELETE                  Delete variables or elements of a variable
   RETAIN                  Retain variables or elements of a variable
   NAME                    Assign additional names to a variable
   APPEND                  Append one variable to the end of another
                           variable
   EXTEND                  Extend one variable by attaching another
                           variable to the end of it
 
COMMENTS
   COMMENT                 Insert a comment line in code
   .                       Insert a comment line in code
   COMMENT CHECK           Check data files for comment lines (ON/OFF)
   COMMENT CHARACTER       Define the comment character for data files
 
DATAPLOT MACROS AND PROGRAMMING STRUCTURES
   CREATE                  Create a subprogram
   END OF CREATE           End creation of a subprogram
   CALL                    Execute a DATAPLOT subprogram stored on a
                           mass storage file
   LOOP                    Initiate a loop
   END OF LOOP             Terminate a loop
   BREAK LOOP              Terminate a loop before the last iteration
   IF                      Define start of conditionally-executed code
   END OF IF               Define end of conditionally-executed code
 
TRIGONOMETRIC UNITS
   ANGLE UNITS             Specify type of trigonometric units to use
   RADIANS                 Specify the use of radians for
                           trigonometric calculations (ON/OFF)
   DEGREES                 Specify the use of degrees for
                           trigonometric calculations (ON/OFF)
   GRADS                   Specify the use of grads for
                           trigonometric calculations (ON/OFF)
 
ACCESSING INTERNAL DATAPLOT VARIABLES
   PROBE                   Print value of underlying FORTRAN parameter
   SET                     Set value of an underlying FORTRAN parameter
 
SEARCHING AND EDITING FILES
   SEARCH                  Search file for the first occurrence (or all
                           occurrences) of a string
   EDIT (or FED)           Edit a file with a line mode editor
 
DEFINE SPECIAL CHARACTERS AND STRINGS
   TERMINATOR  CHARACTER   Specify the character to terminate commands
   CONTINUE CHARACTER      Specify the character to continue commands
   SUBSTITUTE CHARACTER    Specify the substitution character
   DEFINE                  Define general ASCII string commands
   DEFINE POSTHELP         Define ASCII string to succeed HELP
   DEFINE PREHELP          Define ASCII string to precede HELP
   DEFINE POSTPLOT         Define ASCII string to succeed HELP
   DEFINE PREPLOT          Define ASCII string to precede HELP
   PREPLOT                 Specify the preplot and postplot device
 
PLOT SUPPORT
   ANDREWS INCREMENT       Specify the horizontal axis increment for
                           the ANDREWS PLOT command
   ANOP LIMITS             Specify limits for regions in an ANOP plot
   CLASS ...LOWER          Specify the  first class lower limit for
                           the HISTOGRAM and related commands
   CLASS ...UPPER          Specify the last class upper limit for
                           the HISTOGRAM and related commands
   CLASS ...WIDTH          Specify the class width for the HISTOGRAM
                           and related commands
   CURSOR COORDINATES      Specify the cursor coordinates after a plot
   CURSOR SIZE             Specify the cursor size after a plot
   ERASE DELAY             Specify the delay factor for an erase
   FENCE                   Specify whether or not fences are drawn on
                           box plots
   FRACTAL TYPE            Specify the type of input for fractal plots
   FRACTAL ITERATIONS      Specify the number of points to generate for
                           a fractal plot
   HARDCOPY DELAY          Specify the delay factor for a hardcopy
   NEGATE                  Specify whether or not the vertical axis is
                           negated
   VECTOR ARROW            Specify the attributes for the arrow on a
                           vector plot
   VECTOR FORMAT           Specify the data format for vector plots
 
SWITCHES FOR ANALYSIS COMMANDS
   BOOTSTRAP SAMPLE SIZE   Set the sample size for bootstrap plots
   DEMODULATION FREQUENCY  Specify frequency for complex demodulation
   FILTER WIDTH            Specify filter width for SMOOTH
   FIT CONSTRAINTS[nt work]Specify FIT and PRE-FIT constraints
   FIT ITERATIONS          Specify an upper bound on iterations for FIT
   FIT POWER               Specify the fit criterion power for PRE-FIT
                           and FIT
   FIT STANDARD DEVIATION  Specify the lower bound on the residual
                           standard deviation for the FIT
   LOWESS FRACTION         Set interval for LOWESS SMOOTH (as fraction)
   LOWESS PERCENT          Set interval for LOWESS SMOOTH (as percent)
   KNOTS                   Specify the knots variable for SPLINE FIT
   PRINCIPAL COMP TYPE     Specify the type of input data for the
                           PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS command
   POLYNOMIAL DEGREE       Specify the polynomial degree for certain
                           variations of the FIT, SMOOTH, and SPLINE
                           FIT commands
   ROOT ACCURACY           Specify the accuracy tolerance for the
                           ROOTS command
   SEED                    Specify the seed for random number
                           generation
   WEIGHTS                 Specify the weights variable for the FIT,
                           PRE-FIT, and related commands
   YATES PRINT             Specify what sections of the YATES ANALYSIS
                           output to print
   YATES CUTOFF            Specify which factor effects from the YATES
                           ANALYSIS command to print based on various
                           cutoff criterion
 
HOST COMMUNICATIONS
   COMMUNICATIONS LINK     Specify link (phone, network, etc.) to host
   BAUD RATE               Specify the baud rate
   HOST                    Specify the host computer
   SYSTEM [host dependent] Send a command to the host operating system
   OPERATOR     [not work] Send a message to the host console operator
 
MISCELLANEOUS
   EXECUTE STRING          Execute a command line with string
                           substitutions
   TIME   [host dependent] Display the time and date
   IMPLEMENT [obsolete]    Activate local change to the DATAPLOT
                           implementation
   TRANSLATE               Define an automatic translation of graphic
                           strings
 
The ... in some of the commands indicates user-defined options for
the command, as in
   CLASS XLOWER, CLASS YLOWER
   CLASS XWIDTH, CLASS YWIDTH
   CLASS XUPPER, CLASS YUPPER
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP ECHO
   HELP READ
   HELP FEEDBACK
 


Output Devices


Output Device Commands
 
DATAPLOT supports the following built-in device drivers:
 
    Tektronix     - most models (4010, 4014, 4105, 4113, 4115, 4027,
                    4662/4663), other Tektronix terminals typically
                    emulate one of these models
    REGIS         - for DEC terminals (VT-240, VT-340)
    HP-GL         - Hewlett-Packard plotters (can specify various
                    models including LaserJet III), emulated by many
                    plotter vendors
    HP 2622       - Hewlett-Packard terminal, also includes related
                    models (2623, 2647, and others)
    POSTSCRIPT    - used by many laser printers and other hard copy
                    devices
    QUIC          - used by QMS (and some Talaris) laser printers
    HP 7221       - Hewlett-Packard 7221 plotter
    GENERAL       - DATAPLOT specific metafile
    CGM           - ANSI standard Computer Graphics Metafile.
                    Currently only the clear text encoding is
                    supported.
 
Many devices provide either Tektronix, HP-GL, or Postscript emulation.
 
In addition, the following devices are available, but require some
local installation (usually linking the proper device library).
Contact your local site installer to find out if the desired device is
available.
 
    X11           - MIT windowing system, supported on most Unix based
                    workstations.  Has been tested on Sun, SGI,
                    HP-9000, VAX/ULTRIX, IBM RS-6000, Convex, and Cray.
                    Use this driver if you are running either Open Look
                    or Motif window systems.
    Sun CGI       - available on Sun only.  Uses the CGI library and
                    runs in a gfxtool or SunView window.  Sun is
                    phasing out support of CGI and going to an Open
                    Look based window system, so the X11 driver is
                    recommended even for the Sun.
    Calcomp       - uses the standard Calcomp library.  Many penplotter
                    vendors provide a Calcomp compatible library for
                    using their plotters.
    Zeta          - Zeta plotters.  Uses a slightly modified version of
                    the Calcomp library.
    IBM PC        - available for PC only.  This driver is still under
                    development, so may not be available in the public
                    PC version.  If you are simply using the PC as a
                    terminal, find a communications package that
                    provides either Tektronix or REGIS emulation.
 
DATAPLOT supports 3 devices (defined by DEVICE 1, DEVICE 2, and
DEVICE 3).  Device 1 output is sent to the screen and device 2 output
is sent to a file (DPPL1F.DAT or dppl1f.dat on most systems).  Device 3
output is also sent to a file (DPPL2F.DAT or dppl2f.dat on most
systems), but it only contains the most recent plot.  DATAPLOT supports
all 3 devices simultaneously if desired (that is, a single PLOT command
can generate both the plot on the screen and also write the plot to a
file for later printing).  The default is for device 1 to be a
Tektronix 4014 terminal, device 2 to be off, and device 3 to be a
Postscript printer.
 
The commands in this category are--
 
   TEKTRONIX                   Set device 1 to be a Tektronix device
   HP                          Set device 1 to a Hewlett-Packard device
   DEVICE-INDEPENDENT          Set device 1 to be device-independent
   GENERAL                     Set device 1 to be device-independent
   DISCRETE                    Set device 1 to be a 70 character
                               alphanumeric device
   BATCH                       Set device 1 to be a 130 character
                               alphanumeric device
   REGIS                       Set device 1 to be a Regis device
   POSTSCRIPT                  Set device 1 to be a Postscript device
   QUIC                        Set device 1 to be a QMS device
   ZETA                        Set device 1 to be a Zeta device
   CALCOMP                     Set device 1 to be a Calcomp device
   SUN                         Set device 1 to be a SUN device
   CGM                         Set device 1 to be a CGM metafile
   X11                         Set device 1 to be an X11 device
 
   CALCOMP PEN MAP             Specify the slot to color mapping for a
                               Calcomp plotter
   HPGL PEN MAP                Specify the slot to color mapping for an
                               HP-GL plotter
   ZETA PEN MAP                Specify the slot to color mapping for a
                               Zeta plotter
 
   SHOW COLORS                 List the available colors in DATAPLOT
   SHOW COLORS TEKT 4115       List the colors for a Tektronix 4115
   SHOW COLORS TEKT 4662       List the colors for a Tektronix 4662
   SHOW COLORS TEKT 4027       List the colors for a Tektronix 4027
   SHOW COLORS HP 2622         List the colors for an HP 2622
   SHOW COLORS HPGL            List the colors for an HP-GL plotter
   SHOW COLORS CALCOMP         List the colors for a Calcomp plotter
   SHOW COLORS ZETA            List the colors for a Zeta plotter
   SHOW COLORS CGM             List the colors for a CGM metafile
   SHOW COLORS SUN             List the colors for a Sun workstation
   SHOW COLORS REGIS           List the colors for a REGIS terminals
   SHOW COLORS POSTSCRIPT      List the colors for a Postscript device
   SHOW COLORS X11             List the colors for an X11 workstation
   SHOW COLORS PC              List the colors for an IBM/PC VGA device
 
   TERMINAL                    Specify the model or the power (ON/OFF)
                               for the terminal device
   CONTINUOUS                  Specify the continuity (ON/OFF) for the
                               terminal device
   PICTURE POINTS (or PP)      Specify the number of picture points for
                               the terminal device
 
   DEVICE 2     Specify the manufacturer and model for
                               device 2
   DEVICE 3     Specify the manufacturer and model for
                               device 3
 
   DEVICE ... POWER            Specify the device power switch (ON/OFF)
   DEVICE ... CONTINUOUS       Specify the device continuous switch
                               (ON/OFF)
   DEVICE ... PICTURE POINTS   Specify the device number of picture
                               points
   DEVICE ... COLOR            Specify the device color switch (ON/OFF)
 
   DEVICE ... OFF              Suppress plot generation on this device
                               (however the plot file remains open)
   DEVICE ... ON               Resume plot generation on this device
   DEVICE ... CLOSE            Suppress plot generation on this device
                               and close the plot file
 
The ... in some of the commands indicates user-defined options for the
command, as in
   DEVICE 1, DEVICE 2, DEVICE 3, etc.
   DEVICE 1 PICTURE POINTS, DEVICE 2 PICTURE POINTS, etc.
 
The first 4 letters of most commands will usually suffice.  Use spaces
(not commas) to separate arguments in a command.
 
For further information on a given command, enter HELP   followed by
the command name, as in
   HELP HP
   HELP BATCH
   HELP DEVICE PICTURE POINTS
 


Keywords


Keywords
 
These are not commands per se but are reserved words which can appear
within a command statement to achieve an effect, such as specifying
subsets in a plot or analysis, or using predicted values and residuals
after a fit.  Examples include SUBSET, PRED and RES.  The elements in
this category are--
 
MULTI-TRACE PLOTS
   AND                  Used with plot commands for multi-trace plots
   VERSUS               Used with plot commands for multi-trace plots
 
DATA AND VARIABLE SUBSETS
   SUBSET               Qualifier denoting a subset of interest
   EXCEPT               Qualifier denoting an excepted subset
   FOR                  Qualifier denoting a variable or elements of a
                        variables of interest
   I                    A dummy index variable used by the FOR command
   TO                   Specify an interval of values within a variable
 
PRE-DEFINED PARAMETERS
   PI                   A parameter with the value 3.1415926
   INFINITY             A parameter with the value "infinity"
 
AUTOMATICALLY SAVED VARIABLES
   PRED                 A variable with the predicted values from the
                        FIT and other commands
   RES                  A variable with the residual values from the
                        FIT and other commands
   XPLOT                A variable that contains the horizontal axis
                        coordinates from the most recent plot
   YPLOT                A variable that contains the vertical axis
                        coordinates from the most recent plot
   X2PLOT               A variable that contains the second horizontal
                        axis coordinates from the most recent 3d plot
   TAGPLOT              A variable that contains the trace identifier
                        from the most recent plot
 
AUTOMATICALLY SAVED PARAMETERS
   RESSD                A parameter with the residual standard
                        deviation from the FIT and other commands
   RESDF                A parameter with the residual degrees of
                        freedom from the FIT and other commands
   REPSD                A parameter with the replication standard
                        deviation from the FIT and other commands
   REPDF                A parameter with the replication degrees of
                        freedom from the FIT and other commands
   LOFCDF               A parameter with the lack of fit cdf value from
                        the FIT and other commands
   DEMODF               A parameter with the updated complex
                        demodulation frequency
 
SETTING SWITCHES
   ON                   Set a switch to the "on" position
   OFF                  Set a switch to the "off" position
   AUTOMATIC            Set a switch to the "automatic" position
   DEFAULT              Set a switch to the "default" position
 
SPECIAL FILES
   COMMANDS             Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's commands file
   CONCLUSIONS          Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's conclusions file
   DATASETS             Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's data sets file
   DESIGNS              Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's design of
                        experiments file
   DIRECTORY            Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's directory file
   DICTIONARY           Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's dictionary file
   DISTRIBU             Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's probability
                        distributions file
   FUNCTION             Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's functions file
   MACROS               Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's macros file
   PROGRAMS             Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's programs file
   SYNTAX               Symbolic name for DATAPLOT's syntax file
 
LOGICAL OPERATORS
   NOT EXIST            Test for the existence of a variable in the IF
                        command
   =                    "Equal"; used in FIT, PRE-FIT, FOR, etc
   <>                   "Not equal to"
   <                    "Less than"
   <=                   "Less than or equal to"
   >                    "Greater than"
   >=                   "Greater than or equal to"
 
SPECIAL CHARACTERS
   ;                    The default command terminator character
   ...                  The default command continuation character
   ^                    The default substitution character
   ()                   Specify math/Greek characters in TEXT, LABEL,
                        and other commands
 
MISCELLANEOUS
   WRT                  "With respect to"; used with the LET command
                        for roots, integrals, and derivatives
   VERTICALLY [not work]Rotate contents (but not frame) of plot
 
For further information on a given keyword, enter HELP   followed by
the keyword, as in
   HELP PRED
   HELP SUBSET
   HELP DEMODF
 


Functions


Functions
 
DATAPLOT has an extensive library of built-in functions; these
functions find valuable application in the LET, LET FUNCTION, FIT,
PRE-FIT, PLOT, and 3D-PLOT commands.
 
The available functions fall into 3 general categories--
 
   1) General mathematical functions;
      For a list of such functions, enter HELP MATHEMATICS FUNCTIONS
      or HELP MATH FUNCTIONS   .
 
   2) Trigonometric functions;
      For a list of such functions, enter HELP TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
      or HELP TRIG FUNCTIONS   .
 
   3) Probability functions;
      For a list of such functions, enter HELP PROBABILITY FUNCTIONS
      or HELP PROB FUNCTIONS   .
 
Library functions are distinguished from LET subcommands in the
following ways--
 
   1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis.  LET
      subcommands use spaces.
 
   2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters (i.e., single
      values) or variables (i.e., an array of values) while LET
      subcommands are specific in which they accept as input and what
      they return as output.
 
   3) Functions can accept expressions while LET subcommands do not.
      For example, the following is legal:
 
         LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y2))
 
      For LET subcommands, you typically have to do something like the
      following:
 
         LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
         LET A = SUM YTEMP
 


Math Functions


Mathematics Functions
 
The available (general) mathematics functions are--
 
ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS
   ABS(X)         Compute the absolute value
   SQRT(X)        Compute the square root
   MOD(X,Y)       Compute the modulo (i.e., the remainder of x/y)
   MIN(X,Y)       Compute the minimum of two numbers
   MAX(X,Y)       Compute the maximum of two numbers
   DIM(X,Y)       Compute the positive difference (i.e., x-min(x,y))
   IND(X,Y)       Compute the mathematical indicator function
   CABS(XR,XC)    Compute the absolute value of a complex number
   CEXP(XR,XC)    Compute the real component of the exponential of a
                  complex number
   CSQRT(XR,XC)   Compute the real component of the square root of a
                  complex number
   CSQRTI(XR,XC)  Compute the complex component of the square root of a
                  complex number
 
EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS
   EXP(X)         Compute the exponential
   LN(X)          Compute the natural logarithm of a number
   LOG(X)         Compute the natural logarithm of a number
   LOG10(X)       Compute the base 10 logarithm of a number
   LOG2(X)        Compute the base 2 logarithm of a number
   CEXPI(XR,XC)   Compute the complex component of the exponential of a
                  complex number
   CLOG(XR,XC)    Compute the real component of the logarithm of a
                  complex number
   CLOGI(XR,XC)   Compute the complex component of the logarithm of a
                  complex number
 
TYPE CONVERSION FUNCTIONS
   SIGN(X)        Compute the sign of a number
   INT(X)         Compute the integer portion of a number
   FRACT(X)       Compute the fractional portion of a number
   MSD(X)         Compute the most significant digit of a number
   ROUND(X)       Round to the closest integer of a number
 
BASE CONVERSION FUNCTIONS
   OCTDEC(X)      Perform an octal to decimal conversion
   DECOCT(X)      Perform a decimal to octal conversion
 
ERROR FUNCTIONS
   ERF(X)         Compute the error function
   ERFC(X)        Compute the complementary error function
   DAWSON(X)      Compute Dawson's integral
 
GAMMA AND BETA FUNCTIONS
   GAMMA(X)       Compute the Gamma function
   LOGGAMMA(X)    Compute the log (to the base e) Gamma function
   GAMMAI(X,A)    Compute the incomplete Gamma function
   GAMMAIP(X,A)   Compute an alternate incomplete Gamma function
   GAMMAIC(X,A)   Compute the complementary incomplete Gamma function
   GAMMAR(X)      Compute the reciprocal Gamma function
   DIGAMMA(X)     Compute the digamma (or Psi) function
   TRICOMI(X,A)   Compute Tricomi's incomplete Gamma function
   BETA(A,B)      Compute the Beta function
   BETAI(X,A,B)   Compute the incomplete Beta function
   LNBETA(A,B)    Compute the log (to the base e) Beta function
   POCH(X,A)      Compute Pchhammer's generalized symbol
   POCH1(X,A)     Compute Pchhammer's generalized symbol of the first
                  order
 
CHEBYCHEV POLYNOMIALS OF THE FIRST KIND
   CHEB0(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 0
   CHEB1(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 1
   CHEB2(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 2
   CHEB3(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 3
   CHEB4(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 4
   CHEB5(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 5
   CHEB6(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 6
   CHEB7(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 7
   CHEB8(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 8
   CHEB9(X)       Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 9
   CHEB10(X)      Compute the Chebychev polynomial of order 10
 
ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS
   LEGENDRE(X,N)       Compute the Legendre polynomial of order n
   LEGENDRE(X,N,M)     Compute the associated Legendre polynomial of
                       order n and degree m
   NRMLEG(X,N)         Compute the normalized Legendre polynomial of
                       order n
   NRMLEG(X,N,M)       Compute the associated normalized Legendre
                       polynomial of order n and degree m
   LEGP(X,N)           Compute the Legendre function of first kind of
                       order n
   LEGP(X,N,M)         Compute the associated Legendre function of the
                       first kind of order n and degree m
   LEGQ(X,N)           Compute the Legendre function of the second kind
                       of order N
   LEGQ(X,N,M)         Compute the associated Legendre function of the
                       second kind of order n and degree m
   SPHRHRMR(X,P,N,M)   Compute the real component of the spherical
                       harmonic function
   SPHRHRMC(X,P,N,M)   Compute the complex component of the spherical
                       harmonic function
   LAGUERRE(X,N)       Compoute the Laguerre polynomial of order n
   LAGUERRL(X,N,A)     Compute the generalized Laguerre polynomial of
                       order n
   NRMLAG(X,N)         Compute the normalized Laguerre polynomial of
                       order n
   CHEBT(X,N)          Compute the Chebyshev T (first kind) polynomial
                       of order n
   CHEBU(X,N)          Compute the Chebyshev U (second kind) polynomial
                       of order n
   JACOBIP(X,N,A,B)    Compute the Jacobi polynomial of order n
   ULTRASPH(X,N,A)     Compute the Ultraspherical (or Gegenbauer)
                       polynomial of order n
   HERMITE(X,N)        Compute the Hermite polynomial of order n
   LNHERMIT(X,N)       Compute the log of the absolute value of the
                       Hermite polynomial of order n
   HERMSGN(X,N)        Compute the sign of the Hermite polynomial
                       (1 for positive, -1 for negative, 0 for zero)

BESSEL FUNCTIONS
   BESS0(X)       Compute the Bessel function of first kind and order 0
   BESS1(X)       Compute the Bessel function of first kind and order 1
   BESSJN(X,N)    Compute the Bessel function of first kind and order n
                  (n can be fractional)
   CBESSJR(X,N)   Compute the real component of the Bessel function of
                  first kind, order n (n can be fractional), and
                  complex argument
   CBESSJI(X,N)   Compute the complex component of the Bessel function
                  of first kind, order n (n can be fractional), and
                  complex argument
   BESSY0(X)      Compute the Bessel function of second kind and order
                  0
   BESSY1(X)      Compute the Bessel function of second kind and order
                  1
   BESSYN(X,N)    Compute the Bessel function of second kind and order
                  n (n can be fractional)
   CBESSYR(X,N)   Compute the real component of the Bessel function of
                  second kind, order n (n can be fractional), and
                  complex argument
   CBESSYI(X,N)   Compute the complex component of the Bessel function
                  of second kind, order n (n can be fractional), and
                  complex argument
   BESSI0(X)      Compute the modified Bessel function of first kind
                  and order 0
   BESSI0E(X)     Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel`
                  function of first kind and order 0
   BESSI1(X)      Compute the modified Bessel function of first kind
                  and order 1
   BESSI1E(X)     Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel
                  function of first kind and order 1
   BESSIN(X,N)    Compute the modified Bessel function of first kind
                  and order n (n can be fractional)
   BESSINE(X,N)   Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel
                  function of first kind and order n (n can be
                  fractional)
   CBESSIR(X,N)   Compute the real component of the modified Bessel
                  function of order n (n can be fractional) and
                  complex argument
   CBESSII(X,N)   Compute the complex component of the modified Bessel
                  function of order n (n can be fractional) and
                  complex argument
   BESSK0(X)      Compute the modified Bessel function of third kind
                  and order 0
   BESSK0E(X)     Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel`
                  function of third kind and order 0
   BESSK1(X)      Compute the modified Bessel function of third kind
                  and order 1
   BESSK1E(X)     Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel
                  function of third kind and order 1
   BESSKN(X,N)    Compute the modified Bessel function of third kind
                  and order n (n can be fractional)
   BESSKNE(X,N)   Compute the exponentially scaled modified Bessel
                  function of third kind and order n (n can be
                  fractional)
   CBESSKR(X,N)   Compute the real component of the modified Bessel
                  function of the third kind, order n (n can be
                  fractional), and complex argument
   CBESSKI(X,N)   Compute the complex component of the modified Bessel
                  function of the third kind, order n (n can be
                  fractional), and complex argument
   AIRY(X)        Compute the Airy function
   BAIRY(X)       Compute the Airy function of the second kind
 
INTEGRAL FUNCTIONS
   LOGINT(X)      Compute the logarithmic integral
   EXPINT1(X)     Compute the exponential integral
   EXPINTE(X)     Compute the exponential integral
   EXPINTN(X,N)   Compute the exponential integral of integer order
   SININT(X)      Compute the sine integral
   COSINT(X)      Compute the cosine integral
   SINHINT(X)     Compute the hyperbolic sine integral
   COSHINT(X)     Compute the hyperbolic cosine integral
   SPENCE(X)      Compute the Spence dilogarithm function
   FRESNS(X)      Fresnel sine integral
   FRESNC(X)      Fresnel cosine integral
   FRESNF(X)      Fresnel auxillary function f integral
   FRESNG(X)      Fresnel auxillary function g integral
 
ELLIPTIC FUNCTIONS AND INTEGRALS
   ELLIPC1(X)     Compute the complete elliptic integral of the first
                  kind (Legendre form)
   ELLIPC2(X)     Compute the complete elliptic integral of the second
                  kind (Legendre form)
   ELLIP1(PHI,K)  Compute the elliptic integral of the first kind
                  (Legendre form)
   ELLIP2(PHI,K)  Compute the elliptic integral of the second kind
                  (Legendre form)
   ELLIP3(P,N,K)  Compute the elliptic integral of the third kind
                  (Legendre form)
   RC(X,Y)        Compute Carlson's degenerate elliptic integral
   RD(X,Y,Z)      Compute Carlson's elliptic integral of the second
                  kind
   RF(X,Y,Z)      Compute Carlson's elliptic integral of the first
                  kind
   RJ(X,Y,Z,P)    Compute Carlson's elliptic integral of the third
                  kind
   SN(X,M)        Jacobian elliptic sn function
   CN(X,M)        Jacobian elliptic cn function
   DN(X,M)        Jacobian elliptic dn function
   PEQ(XR,XI)     The real component of the Weierstrass elliptic
                  function (equianharmomic case)
   PEQI(XR,XI)    The complex component of the Weierstrass elliptic
                  function (equianharmomic case)
   PEQ1(XR,XI)    The real component of the first derivative of the
                  Weierstrass elliptic function (equianharmomic case)
   PEQ1I(XR,XI)   The complex component of the first derivative of the
                  Weierstrass elliptic function (equianharmomic case)
   PLEM(XR,XI)    The real component of the Weierstrass elliptic
                  function (lemniscatic case)
   PLEMI(XR,XI)   The complex component of the Weierstrass elliptic
                  function (lemniscatic case)
   PLEM1(XR,XI)   The real component of the first derivative of the
                  Weierstrass elliptic function (lemniscatic case)
   PLEM1I(XR,XI)  The complex component of the first derivative of the
                  Weierstrass elliptic function (lemniscatic case)
 
 
EXPERIMENT DESIGN FUNCTIONS
   BINPAT(X)      Used to generate Yates design matrices
 
MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
   JULIA(X)       Used to generate Julia sets
   CHU(X,A,B)     Compute the confluent hypergeometric function
 
For a list of available trigonometric functions, enter HELP
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS or HELP TRIG FUNCTIONS   .
 
For a list of available probability functions, enter HELP PROBABILITY
FUNCTIONS or HELP PROB FUNCTIONS   .
 


Trig Functions


Trigonometric Functions
 
The available trigonometric functions are--
 
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
   SIN(X)        Compute the sine
   COS(X)        Compute the cosine
   TAN(X)        Compute the tangent
   COT(X)        Compute the cotangent
   SEC(X)        Compute the secant
   CSC(X)        Compute the cosecant
   CSIN(XR,XC)    Compute the real component of the sine of a
                  complex number
   CSINI(XR,XC)   Compute the complex component of the sine of a
                  complex number
   CCOS(XR,XC)    Compute the real component of the cosine of a
                  complex number
   CCOSI(XR,XC)   Compute the complex component of the cosine of a
                  complex number
 
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
   ARCSIN(X)     Compute the inverse sine
   ARCCOS(X)     Compute the inverse cosine
   ARCTAN(X)     Compute the inverse tangent
   ARCCOT(X)     Compute the inverse cotangent
   ARCSEC(X)     Compute the inverse secant
   ARCCSC(X)     Compute the inverse cosecant
 
HYPERBOLIC TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
   SINH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic sine
   COSH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic cosine
   TANH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic tangent
   COTH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic cotangent
   SECH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic secant
   CSCH(X)       Compute the hyperbolic cosecant
 
INVERSE HYPERBOLIC TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
   ARCSINH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic sine
   ARCCOSH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic cosine
   ARCTANH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic tangent
   ARCCOTH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic cotangent
   ARCSECH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic secant
   ARCCSCH(X)    Compute the inverse hyperbolic cosecant
 
For a list of available mathematics functions, enter HELP MATHEMATICS
FUNCTIONS or HELP MATH FUNCTIONS   .
 
For a list of available probability functions, enter HELP PROBABILITY
FUNCTIONS or HELP PROB FUNCTIONS   .
 


Probability Functions


Probability Functions
 
The available probability functions are--
 
ALPHA DISTRIBUTION
   ALPCDF(X,A,B)      Compute the alpha cumulative distribution function
   ALPPDF(X,A,B)      Compute the alpha probability density function
   ALPPPF(X,A,B)      Compute the alpha percent point function
 
ANGLIT DISTRIBUTION
   ANGCDF(X)          Compute the anglit cumulative distribution function
   ANGPDF(X)          Compute the anglit probability density function
   ANGPPF(X)          Compute the anglit percent point function
 
ARCSIN DISTRIBUTION
   ARSCDF(X)          Compute the arcsin cumulative distribution function
   ARSPDF(X)          Compute the arcsin probability density function
   ARSPPF(X)          Compute the arcsin percent point function
 
BETA DISTRIBUTION
   BETCDF(X,A,B)      Compute the Beta cumulative distribution function
   BETPDF(X,A,B)      Compute the Beta probability density function
   BETPPF(X,A,B)      Compute the Beta percent point function
 
BIVARIATE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
   BVNCDF(X1,X2,CORR) Compute the bivariate normal cumulative
                      distribution function
   BVNPDF(X1,X2,CORR) Compute the bivariate normal probability density
                      function

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
   BINCDF(X,P,N)      Compute the binomial cumulative distribution
                      function
   BINPDF(X,P,N)      Compute the binomial probability density function
   BINPPF(X,P,N)      Compute the binomial percent point function
 
CAUCHY DISTRIBUTION
   CAUCDF(X)          Compute Cauchy cumulative distribution function
   CAUPDF(X)          Compute the Cauchy probability density function
   CAUPPF(P)          Compute the Cauchy percent point function
   CAUSF(P)           Compute the Cauchy sparsity function
 
CHI DISTRIBUTION
   CHCDF(X,NU)        Compute the chi cumulative distribution
                      function
   CHPDF(X,NU)        Compute the chi probability density function
   CHPPF(P,NU)        Compute the chi percent point function
 
CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION
   CHSCDF(X,NU)       Compute the chi-squared cumulative distribution
                      function
   CHSPDF(X,NU)       Compute the chi-squared probability density
                      function
   CHSPPF(P,NU)       Compute the chi-squared percent point function
 
COSINE DISTRIBUTION
   COSCDF(X)          Compute the cosine cumulative distribution
                      function
   COSPDF(X)          Compute the cosine probability density function
   COSPPF(P)          Compute the cosine percent point function
 
DISCRETE UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION
   DISCDF(X,N)        Compute the discrete uniform cumulative
                      distribution function
   DISPDF(X,N)        Compute the discrete uniform probability density
                      function
   DISPPF(P,N)        Compute the discrete uniform percent point
                      function

LOGARITHMIC SERIES DISTRIBUTION
   DLGCDF(X,C)        Compute the logarithmic series cumulative
                      distribution function
   DLGPDF(X,C)        Compute the logarithmic series probability
                      density function
   DLGPPF(P,C)        Compute the logarithmic series percent point
                      function

DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL (OR LAPLACE) DISTRIBUTION
   DEXCDF(X)          Compute double exponential cumulative
                      distribution function
   DEXPDF(X)          Compute the double exponential probability
                      density function
   DEXPPF(P)          Compute the double exponential percent point
                      function
   DEXSF(P)           Compute the double exponential sparsity function

DOUBLY NON-CENTRAL F DISTRIBUTION
   DNFCDF(X,N1,N2,A,B)  Compute the doubly non-central F cumulative
                        distribution function
   DNFPPF(P,N1,N2,A,B)  Compute the doubly non-central F percent point
                        function
 
DOUBLY NON-CENTRAL T DISTRIBUTION
   DNTCDF(X,N1,A,B)   Compute the doubly non-central t cumulative
                      distribution function
   DNTPPF(P,N1,A,B)   Compute the doubly non-central F percent point
                      function
 
EXTREME VALUE TYPE I (OR FRECHET) DISTRIBUTION
   EV1CDF(X)          Compute Frechet cumulative distribution function
   EV1PDF(X)          Compute the Frechet probability density function
   EV1PPF(P)          Compute the Frechet percent point function
 
EXTREME VALUE TYPE II (OR GUMBEL) DISTRIBUTION
   EV2CDF(X)          Compute Gumbel cumulative distribution function
   EV2PDF(X)          Compute the Gumbel probability density function
   EV2PPF(P)          Compute the Gumbel percent point function
 
EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION
   EXPCDF(X)          Compute exponential cumulative distribution
                      function
   EXPPDF(X)          Compute the exponential probability density
                      function
   EXPPPF(P)          Compute the exponential percent point function
   EXPSF(P)           Compute the exponential sparsity function
 
F DISTRIBUTION
   FCDF(X,NU1,NU2)    Compute the F cumulative distribution function
   FPDF(X,NU1,NU2)    Compute the F probability density function
   FPPF(P,NU1,NU2)    Compute the F percent point function
 
FATIGUE LIFE DISTRIBUTION
   FLCDF(X,GAMMA)     Compute the Fatigue Life cumulative distribution
                      function
   FLPDF(X,GAMMA)     Compute the Fatigue Life probability density
                      function
   FLPPF(P,GAMMA)     Compute the Fatigue Life percent point function
 
GAMMA DISTRIBUTION
   GAMCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the gamma cumulative distribution
                      function
   GAMPDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the gamma probability density function
   GAMPPF(P,GAMMA)    Compute the gamma percent point function
 
GENERALIZED GAMMA DISTRIBUTION (includes INVERTED GAMMA)
   GGDCDF(X,ALPHA,C)  Compute the generalized gamma cumulative
                      distribution function
   GGDPDF(X,ALPHA,C)  Compute the generalized gamma probability
                      density function
   GGDPPF(P,ALPHA,C)  Compute the generalized gamma percent point
                      function
 
GENERALIZED PARETO DISTRIBUTION
   GEPCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the generalized Pareto cumulative
                      distribution function
   GEPCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the generalized Pareto probability
                      density function
   GEPCDF(P,GAMMA)    Compute the generalized Pareto percent point
                      function
 
GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
   GEOCDF(X,P)        Compute the geometric cumulative distribution
                      function
   GEOPDF(X,P)        Compute the geometric probability density
                      function
   GEOPPF(X,P)        Compute the geometric percent point function
 
HALF-NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
   HFNCDF(X)          Compute the half-normal cumulative distribution
                      function
   HFNPDF(X)          Compute the half-normal probability density
                      function
   HFNPPF(P)          Compute the half-normal percent point function
 
HYPERGEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
   HYPCDF(L,K,N,M)    Compute the hypergeometric cumulative
                      distribution function
   HYPPDF(L,K,N,M)    Compute the hypergeometric probability density
                      function
   HYPPPF(L,K,N,M)    Compute the hypergeometric percent point function
 
INVERSE GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION
   IGCDF(X,GAMMA)     Compute the Inverse Gaussian cumulative
                      distribution function
   IGCDF(X,GAMMA)     Compute the Inverse Gaussian probability density
                      function
   IGCDF(X,GAMMA)     Compute the Inverse Gaussian percent point
                      function
 
LOG-NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
   LGNCDF(X,S)        Compute the log-normal cumulative distribution
                      function
   LGNPDF(X,S)        Compute the log-normal probability density
                      function
   LGNPPF(P,S)        Compute the log-normal percent point function
 
LOG-LOGISTIC DISTRIBUTION
   LLGCDF(X,DELTA)    Compute the log-logistic cumulative distribution
                      function
   LLGPDF(X,DELTA)    Compute the log-logistic probability density
                      function
   LLGPPF(P,DELTA)    Compute the log-logistic percent point function
 
LOGISTIC DISTRIBUTION
   LOGCDF(X)          Compute the logistic cumulative distribution
                      function
   LOGPDF(X)          Compute the logistic probability density function
   LOGPPF(P)          Compute the logistic percent point function
   LOGSF(P)           Compute the logistic sparsity function
 
NEGATIVE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
   NBCDF(X,P,N)       Compute the negative binomial cumulative
                      distribution function
   NBPDF(X,P,N)       Compute the negative binomial probability density
                      function
   NBPPF(X,P,N)       Compute the negative binomial percent point
                      function
 
NON-CENTRAL BETA DISTRIBUTION
   NCBCDF(X,A,B,LAM)  Compute the non-central Beta cumulative
                      distribution function
   NCBPPF(P,A,B,LAM)  Compute the non-central Beta percent point
                      function
 
NON-CENTRAL CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION
   NCCCDF(X,N1,ALPHA) Compute the non-central chi-square cumulative
                      distribution function
   NCCPPF(P,N1,ALPHA) Compute the non-central chi-square percent point
                      function
 
NON-CENTRAL F DISTRIBUTION
   NCFCDF(X,N1,N2,A,B) Compute the non-central F cumulative
                       distribution function
   NCFPPF(P,N1,N2,A,B) Compute the non-central F percent point function
 
NON-CENTRAL T DISTRIBUTION
   NCTCDF(X,N1,ALPHA) Compute the non-central t cumulative distribution
   NCTPDF(X,N1,ALPHA) Compute the non-central t probability density
                      function
   NCTPPF(P,N1,ALPHA) Compute the non-central t percent point function
 
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (MEAN OF ZERO, STANDARD DEVIATION OF 1)
   NORCDF(X)          Compute the normal cumulative distribution
                      function
   NORPDF(X)          Compute the normal probability density function
   NORPPF(P)          Compute the normal percent point function
   NORSF(P)           Compute the normal sparsity function
 
PARETO DISTRIBUTION
   PARCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Pareto cumulative distribution
                      function
   PARCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Pareto probability density function
   PARCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Pareto percent point function
 
POWER LOG-NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
   PLNCDF(X,P,SD)     Compute the power log-normal cumulative
                      distribution function
   PLNPDF(X,P,SD)     Compute the power log-normal probability density
                      function
   PLNPPF(P,P,SD)     Compute the power log-normal percent point
                      function
 
POWER NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
   PNRCDF(X,P,SD)     Compute the power normal cumulative distribution
                      function
   PNRPDF(X,P,SD)     Compute the power normal probability density
                      function
   PNRPPF(P,P,SD)     Compute the power normal percent point function
 
POISSON DISTRIBUTION
   POICDF(X,P,N)      Compute the Poisson cumulative distribution
                      function
   POIPDF(X,P,N)      Compute the Poisson probability density function
   POIPPF(X,P,N)      Compute the Poisson percent point function
 
POWER FUNCTION DISTRIBUTION
   POWCDF(X,C)        Compute the power function cumulative
                      distribution function
   POWPDF(X,C)        Compute the power function probability density
                      function
   POWPPF(P,C)        Compute the power function percent point function

RECIPROCAL INVERSE GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION
   RIGCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Reciprocal Inverse Gaussian
                      cumulative distribution function
   RIGCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Reciprocal Inverse Gaussian
                      probability density function
   RIGCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Reciprocal Inverse Gaussian percent
                      point function
 
SEMI-CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTION
   SEMCDF(X)          Compute the semi-circular cumulative distribution
                      function
   SEMPDF(X)          Compute the semi-circular probability density
                      function
   SEMPPF(P)          Compute the semi-circular percent point function

T DISTRIBUTION
   TCDF(X,NU)         Compute the t cumulative distribution function
   TPDF(X,NU)         Compute the t probability density function
   TPPF(P,NU)         Compute the t percent point function
 
TRIANGULAR DISTRIBUTION
   TRICDF(X,C)        Compute the triangular cumulative distribution
                      function
   TRIPDF(X,C)        Compute the triangular probability density
                      function
   TRIPPF(P,C)        Compute the triangular percent point function

TUKEY-LAMBDA DISTRIBUTION
   LAMCDF(X,LAMBDA)   Compute the Tukey-Lambda cumulative distribution
                      function
   LAMPDF(X,LAMBDA)   Compute the Tukey-Lambda probability density
                      function
   LAMPPF(P,LAMBDA)   Compute the Tukey-Lambda percent point function
   LAMSF(P,LAMBDA)    Compute the Tukey-Lambda sparsity function
 
UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION
   UNICDF(X)          Compute the uniform cumulative distribution
                      function
   UNIPDF(X)          Compute the uniform probability density function
   UNIPPF(P)          Compute the uniform percent point function

VON MISES DISTRIBUTION
   VONCDF(X,B)        Compute the Von Mises cumulative distribution
                      function
   VONPDF(X,B)        Compute the Von Mises probability density
                      function
   VONPPF(P,B)        Compute the Von Mises percent point function

WALD DISTRIBUTION
   WALCDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Wald cumulative distribution function
   WALPDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Wald probability density function
   WALPPF(P,GAMMA)    Compute the Wald percent point function
 
WARING DISTRIBUTION (includes YULE if A parameter omitted)
   WARCDF(X,C,A)      Compute the Waring cumulative distribution
                      function
   WARPDF(X,C,A)      Compute the Waring probability density function
   WARPPF(P,C,A)      Compute the Waring percent point function

WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION
   WEICDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Weibull cumulative distribution
                      function
   WEIPDF(X,GAMMA)    Compute the Weibull probability density function
   WEIPPF(P,GAMMA)    Compute the Weibull percent point function
 
For a list of available mathematics functions, enter HELP MATHEMATICS
FUNCTIONS or HELP MATH FUNCTIONS   .
 
For a list of available trigonometric functions, enter HELP
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS or HELP TRIG FUNCTIONS   .
 


LET Subcommands


LET Subcommands
 
The LET command is the single most powerful command in DATAPLOT. The
most important capability of the LET command is carrying out function
evaluations and variable transformations.  Such evaluations and
transformations are general--any Fortran-like expression can be used.
 
In addition, the LET command can also be used by the analyst to carry
out a broad spectrum of statistical,  mathematical,  and  probabilistic
operations.  These operations are specified by inclusion of subcommands
under the LET command.  These subcommands fall into 4 general
categories--
 
   1. Computing Statistics
      For a list of available statistics, enter HELP STATISTICS
 
   2. Performing Mathematical Operations
      For a list of available operations, enter HELP MATH OPERATIONS
 
   3. Performing Matrix Operations
      For a list of available operations, enter HELP MATRIX OPERATIONS
 
   4. Generating Random Numbers
      For a list of available distributions, enter HELP RANDOM NUMBERS
 
LET subcommands are distinguished from library functions in the
following ways--
 
   1) Functions enclose the input value in parenthesis.  LET
      subcommands use spaces.
 
   2) Functions can accept (and return) either parameters (i.e., single
      values) or variables (i.e., an array of values) while LET
      subcommands are specific in which they accept as input and what
      they return as output.
 
   3) Functions can accept expressions while LET subcommands do not.
      For example, the following is legal:
 
         LET Y2 = ABS(Y1-INT(Y2))
 
      For LET subcommands, you typically have to do something like the
      following:
 
         LET YTEMP = Y**2 + 8
         LET A = SUM YTEMP
 


Statistics


Statistics
 
The calculation of individual statistics is done via subcommands under
the LET command, as in
 
   LET A = MEAN X
   LET B = STANDARD DEVIATION Y
   LET C = CORRELATION X Y
 
Statistics are always computed on variables (never parameters or
functions) and the computed statistic is always stored in a parameter
(never a variable or function).
 
The available statistical subcommands are--
 
   SIZE (or NUMBER)          Compute the sample size (number of
                             observations)
 
   MEAN                      Compute the sample mean
   TRIMMED MEAN              Compute the sample trimmed mean
   WINDSORIZED MEAN          Compute the sample Windsorized mean
   MEDIAN                    Compute the sample median
   MIDRANGE                  Compute the sample midrange
   MIDMEAN                   Compute the sample midmean
   WEIGHTED MEAN             Compute the sample weighted sample mean
 
   RANGE                     Compute the sample range
   STANDARD DEVIATION        Compute the sample standard deviation
   AVERAGE ABSOLUTE DEVI     Compute the sample average absolute
                             deviation
   VARIANCE                  Compute the sample variance
   RELATIVE STAND DEVIATION  Compute the sample relative standard
                             deviation
   RELATIVE VARIANCE         Compute the sample relative variance
   STAND DEVI OF THE MEAN    Compute the sample standard deviation of
                             the mean
   WEIGHTED STANDARD DEVI    Compute the sample weighted standard
                             deviation
   WEIGHTED VARIANCE         Compute the sample weighted variance
 
   SKEWNESS                  Compute the sample skewness (standardized
                             third central moment)
   KURTOSIS                  Compute the sample kurtosis (standardized
                             fourth central moment)
 
   MINIMUM                   Compute the sample minimum
   MAXIMUM                   Compute the sample maximum
   LOWER QUARTILE            Compute the sample lower quartile
   UPPER QUARTILE            Compute the sample upper quartile
   LOWER HINGE               Compute the sample lower hinge
   UPPER HINGE               Compute the sample upper hinge
   ___ DECILE                Compute the sample xth (first through
                             ninth) decile
   EXTREME                   Compute the sample extreme point
 
   AUTOCOVARIANCE            Compute the sample autocovariance
   AUTOCORRELATION           Compute the sample autocorrelation
 
   COVARIANCE                Compute the sample covariance
   CORRELATION               Compute the sample correlation
   COMOVEMENT                Compute the sample comovement
   RANK COVARIANCE           Compute the sample rank covariance
   RANK CORRELATION          Compute the sample rank correlation
   RANK COMOVEMENT           Compute the sample rank comovement
 
   BIWEIGHT                  Compute the bi-weight
   TRICUBE                   Compute the tri-cube
 
   BOOTSTRAP INDEX           Compute the bootstrap index
   BOOTSTRAP SAMPLE          Compute a bootstrap sample
   RANDOM PERMUTATION        Compute a random permutation
 
   CP                        Compute the process capability index
   CPK                       Compute the asymmetrical process
                             capability index
   EXPECTED LOSS             Compute the expected loss
   PERCENT DEFECTIVE         Compute the percentage of defectives
 
   NORMAL PPCC               Compute the normal probability plot
                             correlation coefficient
 
   WEIBULL ADJUSTED RANKS    Generate adjusted ranks for a Weibull
                             analysis
 


Math Operations


Mathematics Operations
 
The execution of a variety of mathematical operations is done via
subcommands under the LET command, as in
 
   LET A = SUM X
   LET B = INTEGRAL F WRT X FOR X = 0 TO 10
   LET C = SORT X
 
The math operations are of 5 types--
 
   1) the operation is applied to a variable and the result is a
      parameter.
   2) the operation is applied to a variable and the result is a
      variable.
   3) the operation is applied to a function.
   4) the operation generates sequences or patterns.
   5) the operation is applied to a matrix (these are under MATRIX
      OPERATIONS).
 
1. The available mathematical subcommands which operate on a variable
   and result in a parameter are as follows--
 
      SUM                    Compute the sum of elements in a variable
      PRODUCT                Compute the product of elements in a
                             variable
      INTEGRAL               Compute the integral of elements in a
                             variable
 
2. The available mathematical subcommands which operate on a variable
   and result in a variable are as follows--
 
      CUMULATIVE SUM         Compute the cumulative sums of elements in
                             a variable
      CUMULATIVE PRODUCT     Compute the cumulative products of
                             elements in a variable
      CUMULATIVE INTEGRAL    Compute the cumulative integrals of
                             elements in a variable
 
      SEQUENTIAL DIFFERENCE  Compute the sequential differences of
                             elements in a variable
 
      SORT                   Sort the elements in a variable
      SORTC                  Sort one variable and carry another
      RANK                   Rank the elements in a variable
      CODE                   Code the elements in a variable
      CODE2                  Binary code the elements in a variable
      CODE4                  Quartile code the elements in a variable
      CODEH                  Hinge code the elements in a variable
      CODE8                  Octal code the elements in a variable
      CODE                Decile code the elements in a variable
      COCODE                 Code one variable by another variable
      COCOPY                 Code one variable by another variable
      DISTINCT               Extract the distinct elements from a
                             variable
      FREQUENCY              Compute the frequencies of distinct values
 
      CONVOLUTION            Compute the convolution of the elements in
                             2 variables
      DECONVOLUTION          Compute the deconvolution of the elements
                             in 2 variables
 
      RUNGE-KUTTA            Solve an ordinary first or second order
                             differential equation
 
      INTERPOLATION          Perform a cubic interpolation
      LINEAR INTERPOLATION   Perform a linear interpolation
      BILINEAR INTERPOLATION Perform bivariate linear interpolation
      BIVARIATE INTERPOLAT   Perform bivariate interpolation starting
                             from a regular grid
      2D INTERPOLATION       Perform bivariate interpolation from
                             irregular points to a grid
 
      FOURIER TRANSFORM      Compute the Fourier transform
      INVERSE FOURIER TRANS  Compute the inverse Fourier transform
      FFT                    Compute the fast Fourier transform
      INVERSE FFT            Compute the inverse fast Fourier transform
      COSINE TRANSFORM       Compute the cosine transform
      SINE TRANSFORM         Compute the sine transform
 
      COMPLEX ADDITION       Perform a complex addition
      COMPLEX CONJUGATES     Calculate a complex conjugates
      COMPLEX DIVISION       Perform a complex division
      COMPLEX EXPONENTIATION Perform a complex exponentiation
      COMPLEX MULTIPLICATION Perform a complex multiplication
      COMPLEX ROOTS          Compute the complex roots
      COMPLEX SQUARE ROOTS   Compute the complex square roots
      COMPLEX SUBTRACTION    Perform a complex subtraction
 
      POLYNOMIAL ADDITION    Perform a polynomial addition
      POLYNOMIAL DIVISION    Perform a polynomial division
      POLYNOMIAL EVALUATION  Perform a polynomial evaluation
      POLYNOMIAL MULT        Perform a polynomial multiplication
      POLYNOMIAL SQUARE      Perform a polynomial square
      POLYNOMIAL SUBTRACTION Perform a polynomial subtraction
 
      VECTOR ADDITION        Perform a vector addition
      VECTOR ANGLE           Compute the vector angle
      VECTOR DISTANCE        Compute the vector distance
      VECTOR DOT PRODUCT     Compute the vector dot product
      VECTOR LENGTH          Compute the vector length
      VECTOR SUBTRACTION     Perform a vector subtraction
 
      SET CARDINALITY        Compute the set cardinality
      SET CARTESIAN PRODUCT  Perform a set cartesian product
      SET COMPLEMENT         Perform a set complement
      SET DISTINCT           Extract the distinct elements of a set
      SET INTERSECTION       Perform a set intersection
      SET UNION              Perform a set union
 
      LOGICAL AND            Perform a logical and
      LOGICAL IFF            Perform a logical iff
      LOGICAL IFTHEN         Perform a logical ifthen
      LOGICAL NAND           Perform a logical nand
      LOGICAL NOR            Perform a logical nor
      LOGICAL NOT            Perform a logical not
      LOGICAL OR             Perform a logical or
      LOGICAL XOR            Perform a logical xor
 
 
3. The available mathematical subcommands which operate on a function
   are as follows--
 
      ROOTS                  Compute the real roots of a function
      DERIVATIVE             Compute the symbolic derivative of a
                             function
      INTEGRAL               Compute the definite integral of a
                             function
      OPTIMIZE               Perform unconstrained optimization of a
                             univariate function
 
 
4. The available mathematical subcommands which generate sequences and
   patterns--
 
      SEQUENCE               Generate a sequence within a variable
      PATTERN                Generate a patterned sequence within a
                             variable
      PRIME NUMBERS          Generate prime numbers
      FIBONNACCI NUMBERS     Generate Fibonnacci numbers
      DATA                   Place numbers in a variable
      CANTOR NUMBERS         Generate Cantor numbers
      JULIA                  Generate Julia numbers
 


Matrix Operations


Matrix Operations
 
The execution of a variety of matrix operations is done via
subcommands under the LET command, as in
 
   LET X = MATRIX SOLVE M B
   LET M = DIAGONAL MATIX V
   LET MINV = MATRIX INVERSE M
 
The following is a list of the matrix commands.
 
 
      CHOLESKY DECOMP        Perform a Cholesky decomposition
      CORRELATION MATRIX     Compute the correlation matrix of a matrix
      DIAGONAL MATRIX        Generate a diagonal matrix from a vector
      MATRIX ADDITION        Perform a matrix addition
      MATRIX ADJOINT         Compute the adjoint of a matrix
      MATRIX AUGMENT         Add columns to a current matrix
      MATRIX COFACTOR        Compute the matrix cofactors
      MATRIX DIAGONAL        Extract the diagonal elements of a matrix
      MATRIX DEFINITION      Set a matrix definition
      MATRIX DETERMINANT     Compute the matrix determinant
      MATRIX EIGENVALUES     Compute the matrix eigenvalues
      MATRIX EIGENVECTORS    Compute the matrix eigenvectors
      MATRIX ELEMENT         Extract a specific element of a matrix
      MATRIX EUCLIDEAN NORM  Compute the matrix euclidean norm
      MATRIX INVERSE         Compute the matrix inverse
      MATRIX ITERATIVE SOLU  Solve a linear system of equations and
                             apply iterative refinement
      MATRIX MINOR           Compute the matrix minor
      MATRIX MULTIPLICATION  Perform a matrix multiplication
      MATRIX NUMB OF COLUMNS Compute the matrix number of columns
      MATRIX NUMBER OF ROWS  Compute the matrix number of rows
      MATRIX RANK            Compute the rank of a matrix
      MATRIX REPLACE ELEMENT Replace a specific element of a matrix
      MATRIX REPLACE ROW     Replace a row of a matrix
      MATRIX ROW             Extract a row of a matrix
      MATRIX SIMP SOLUTION   Compute the matrix simplex solution
      MATRIX SOLUTION        Solve a system of linear equations
      MATRIX SPECTRAL NORM   Compute the matrix spectral norm
      MATRIX SPECTRAL RADIUS Compute the matrix spectral radius
      MATRIX SUBMATRIX       Define the matrix submatrix
      MATRIX SUBTRACTION     Perform a matrix subtraction
      MATRIX TRACE           Compute the matrix trace
      MATRIX TRANSPOSE       Compute the matrix transpose
      PRINCIPLE COMPONENTS   Generate a matrix of principle components
      PRIN COMP EIGENVECTORS Generate a matrix of principle components
                             eigenvectors
      PRIN COMP EIGENVALUES  Generate a matrix of principle components
                             eigenvalues
      ... PRINCIPLE COMP     Generate a specific principle component
      ... PRIN COMP EIGENVEC Generate a specific principle component
                             eigenvector
      ... PRIN COMP EIGENVAL Generate a specific principle component
                             eigenvalue
      SINGULAR VALUES        Compute the singular values of a matrix
      SINGULAR VALUE DECOMP  Compute the singular value decomposition
                             of a matrix
      SINGULAR VALUE FACTOR  Compute the singular value factorization
                             of a matrix
      TRIANGULAR INVERSE     Compute the inverse of a triangular matrix
      TRIANGULAR SOLVE       Solve a triangular system of equations
      TRIDIAGONAL SOLVE      Solve a tridiagonal system of equations
      VARIANCE-COVA MATRIX   Compute the variance-covariance matrix of
                             a matrix
 


Random Numbers


Random Numbers
 
The generation of random numbers is done via subcommands under the LET
command, as in
 
   LET X = UNIFORM RANDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 25
 
   LET Y = NORMAL RUNDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
 
   LET GAMMA = 2.5
   LET Z = WEIBULL RUNDOM NUMBERS FOR I = 1 1 100
 
The output from the random number generation is always a variable
(never a parameter or function).  Random numbers can be generated from
a variety of distributions.  Some distributions represent a family of
distributions.  In this case, one or more parameters need to be
specified (via the LET command) before generating the random numbers.
 
The SEED command is used to specify the seed for the random number
generator.
 
The available random number generators are--
 
DISTRIBUTIONS WITH NO PARAMETERS
   NORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS          Generate standard normal (N(0,1))
                                  random numbers
   UNIFORM RANDOM NUMBERS         Generate uniform random numbers in
                                  the interval (0,1)
   LOGISTIC RANDOM NUMBERS        Generate logistic random numbers
   DOUBLE EXPON RANDOM NUMBERS    Generate double exponential random
                                  numbers
   CAUCHY RANDOM NUMBERS          Generate Cauchy random numbers
   SEMI-CIRCULAR RANDOM NUMBERS   Generate semi-circular random numbers
   TRIANGULAR RANDOM NUMBERS      Generate triangular random numbers
   LOGNORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS       Generate lognormal random numbers
   HALFNORMAL RANDOM NUMBERS      Generate halfnormal random numbers
   EXPONENTIAL RANDOM NUMBERS     Generate exponential random numbers
   EXTREME VALUE TYPE 1 RAND NUMB Generate extreme value type 1 random
                                  numbers
   FRECHET RANDOM NUMBERS         Generate extreme value type 1 random
                                  numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER N
   DISCRETE UNIFORM RANDOM NUMBER Generate discrete uniform random
                                  numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER NU (DEGREES OF FREEDOM)
   T RANDOM NUMBERS               Generate t random numbers
   CHI-SQUARED RANDOM NUMBERS     Generate chi-squared random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER LAMBDA (SHAPE PARAMETER)
   TUKEY LAMBDA RANDOM NUMBERS    Generate Tukey lambda random numbers
   POISSON RANDOM NUMBERS         Generate Poisson random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETERS NU1, NU2 (DEGREES OF FREEDOM)
   F RANDOM NUMBERS               Generate F random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETERS ALPHA, BETA (SHAPE PARAMETERS)
   BETA RANDOM NUMBERS            Generate beta random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER GAMMA (SHAPE PARAMETER)
   GAMMA RANDOM NUMBERS           Generate gamma random numbers
   WEIBULL RANDOM NUMBERS         Generate Weibull random numbers
   EXTREME VALUE TYPE 2 RAND NUMB Generate extreme value type 2 random
                                  numbers
   GUMBEL RANDOM NUMBERS          Generate extreme value type 2 random
                                  numbers
   PARETO RANDOM NUMBERS          Generate Pareto random numbers
   INVERSE GAUSSIAN               Generate inverse gaussian random
                                  numbers
   REVERSE INVERSE GAUSSIAN       Generate reverse inverse gaussian
                                  random numbers
   FATIGUE LIFE                   Generate fatigue life random numbers
   WALD                           Generate Wald random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER P (PROPORTION OF SUCCESSES)
   GEOMETRIC RANDOM NUMBERS       Generate geometric random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETERS P, N
   BINOMIAL RANDOM NUMBERS        Generate binomial random numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETERS P, K
   NEGATIVE BINOMIAL RANDOM NUMBER Generate negative binomial random
                                   numbers
 
DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRING THE PARAMETER C
   POWER FUNCTION RANDOM NUMBERS   Generate power function random
                                   numbers
 


Text Subcommands


Text Subcommands
 
An important feature of the TEXT, TITLE, LABEL, and LEGEND commands is
the ability to use within-text subcommands to specify the following--
 
   1) To temporarily change the case (upper versus lower) in mid-text.
      For example, leading characters of words can be upper case and
      trailing characters can be lower case.
 
   2) To shift to subscripts and superscripts in mid-text.
 
   3) To generate Greek letters.
 
   4) To generate mathematical symbols (for example, integral sign,
      partial derivative sign, etc.).
 
   5) To generate other special symbols (for example, brackets,
      arrows, carats, daggers, etc.).
 
The above may be done whenever the Hershey fonts (simplex, duplex,
triplex, triplex italic, complex, simplex script, and complex script)
have been specified (see the FONT command).  The only special symbols
recognized with hardware fonts are the in-line case shifts (i.e., upper
and lower case) and the space character.
 
Within-text subcommands (indicators) are used to specify the desired
text operations.  For example--
 
   UC()   to shift to capital letters;
   SUB()  to shift to subscript mode;
   ALPH() to draw a Greek alpha;
   INTE() to draw an integral;
   RBRA() to draw a right bracket.
 
The within-text subcommands are all distinguished by an appended ().
The () is a flag to DATAPLOT that the previous character sub-string is
not to be printed literally but rather should be converted and acted
upon in a special fashion.
 
Enter   --HELP CAPITALIZATION to list case (lower/upper) information.
          HELP SUBSCIPTS to list sub/super-script information.
          HELP GREEK SYMBOLS to list Greek characters.
          HELP MATH SYMBOLS to list mathematics symbols.
          HELP MISC SYMBOLS to list miscellaneous symbols.
 


Capitalization


Capitalization
 
DATAPLOT by default prints all text in upper case.  Simply entering
the text in lower case is not sufficient to have it printed in lower
case.
 
Shifts between capitalized letters and non-capitalized letters can be
carried out within text strings generated by any TEXT, TITLE, LABEL, or
LEGEND command.  Case shifts are recognized for both hardware and
software generated text.
 
To shift to upper case, enter CAPS(), CAP(), or UC() followed by the
desired text sub-string.  To shift to lower case, enter LC() followed
by the desired text sub-string.
 
The within-text case shifting overrides the setting from the CASE
command.  If the within-text case shift takes place mid-line, then the
first part of the text string follows whatever the current setting is
as given by the CASE command.  At the end of a text line with a case
shift, the current CASE command setting takes effect again.
 
The capitalization indicators are--
 
   upper case        UC(), CAP(), CAPS()
   lower case        LC()
 
If all characters on a text line are to have the same case, either all
upper or all lower, then it is easier to set the case globally with the
CASE command than using within-text case shifts.  For example,
 
   CASE UPPER
   CASE LOWER
 
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out "DATAPLOT is from
          NBS" with all symbols in simplex font--
             CASE UPPER
             FONT SIMPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT DATAPLOT LC()IS FROM UC()NBS
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out "Future Goals"
          in triplex font--
             FONT TRIPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT UC()FLC()UTURE UC()GLC()OALS
 
Enter   --HELP CASE to list information about the CASE command.
          HELP SUBSCIPTS to list sub/super-script information.
          HELP GREEK SYMBOLS to list Greek characters.
          HELP MATH SYMBOLS to list mathematics symbols.
          HELP MISC SYMBOLS to list miscellaneous symbols.
 
Note    --Upper and lower case characters can now be entered without
          using UC() and LC() shifts.  The various CASE commands
          (CASE, LABEL CASE, TITLE CASE, LEGEND CASE) accept an ASIS
          clause in addition to UPPER and LOWER.  The ASIS clause
          specifies that the case will be preserved as entered on the
          command line.  For example,
              CASE ASIS
              TEXT Mix UPPER and lower case Characters
 


Subscripts


Subscripts
 
Subscripts and superscripts can be generated within any TEXT, TITLE,
LABEL, or LEGEND command whenever the Hershey fonts (simplex, duplex,
triplex, triplex italic, complex, simplex script, and complex script)
have been specified (see the FONT command).
 
To shift to subscript mode, simply enter SUB() followed by the desired
subscript.  To terminate subscript mode, enter UNSB() and continue on
with the desired text.  Similarly, SUP() shifts into superscript mode,
and UNSP() shifts out of superscipt mode.  The () is a flag to DATAPLOT
that the previous character sub-string is not to be printed literally
but rather should be converted and acted upon in a special fashion.  It
is an indicator that is used not only for sub/super-scripting, but also
for Greek symbols, mathematics symbols, and other special symbols.
 
Subscript and superscript strings can be of any length.  Nested
subscripts and superscripts are permitted 7 deep.  The size of a
sub/super-script is always half the size of the previous level.
 
The sub/super-script indicators are--
 
   subscript           SUB()
   un-subscript        UNSB()
   superscript         SUP()
   un-superscript      UNSP()
 
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out
             e = mc squared      (Einstein's classic equation)
          with all symbols in lower case simplex font--
             CASE LOWER
             FONT SIMPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT E = MCSUP()2
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out
             T (with superscript *) = e (with superscript integral f)
          in lower case triplex font--
             CASE LOWER
             FONT TRIPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT TSUP()*UNSP() = ESUP()INTE()F
 
Enter   --HELP CAPITALIZATION to list case (lower/upper) information.
          HELP GREEK SYMBOLS to list Greek characters.
          HELP MATH SYMBOLS to list mathematics symbols.
          HELP MISC SYMBOLS to list miscellaneous symbols.
 


Greek Symbols


Greek Symbols
 
Greek symbols can be generated within any TEXT, TITLE, LABEL, or LEGEND
command whenever the Hershey fonts (simplex, duplex, triplex, triplex
italic, complex, simplex script, and complex script) have been
specified (see the FONT command).  Both lower case and upper case Greek
symbols are available (see the CASE command).
 
To indicate that a Greek symbol should appear in some text string,
simply enter the English name of the desired Greek letter and append an
open and closed parenthesis after the name, as in PI(), RHO(), and
TAU().  The () is a flag to DATAPLOT that the previous character
sub-string is not to be printed literally but rather should be
converted and drawn as a special symbol.  Greek names longer than 4
letters should be truncated to 4 letters, as in ALPH(), GAMM(), and
OMEG().
 
The Greek symbols are--
 
   alpha          ALPH()
   beta           BETA()
   gamma          GAMM()
   delta          DELT()
   epsilon        EPSI()
   zeta           ZETA()
   eta            ETA()
   theta          THET()
   iota           IOTA()
   kappa          KAPP()
   lambda         LAMB()
   mu             MU()
   nu             NU()
   xi             XI()
   omicon         OMIC()
   pi             PI()
   rho            RHO()
   sigma          SIGM()
   tau            TAU()
   upsilon        UPSI()
   phi            PHI()
   chi            CHI()
   psi            PSI()
   omega          OMEG()
 
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out the first 3 Greek
          letters in lower case simplex font--
             CASE LOWER
             FONT SIMPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT ALPH()BETA()GAMM()
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out the value of
          pi = 3.1415926 in lower case triplex font--
             CASE LOWER
             FONT TRIPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT THE VALUE OF PI() = 3.1415926
 
Enter   --HELP CAPITALIZATION to list case (lower/upper) information.
          HELP SUBSCIPTS to list sub/super-script information.
          HELP MATH SYMBOLS to list mathematics symbols.
          HELP MISC SYMBOLS to list miscellaneous symbols.
 


Math Symbols


Mathematics Symbols
 
Mathematics symbols can be generated within any TEXT, TITLE, LABEL, or
LEGEND command whenever the Hershey fonts (simplex, duplex, triplex,
triplex italic, complex, simplex script, and complex script) have been
specified (see the FONT command).
 
To indicate that a mathematics symbol should appear in some text
string, simply enter the abbreviated (never more than 4 characters)
name from the list below and append an open and closed parenthesis
after the name, as in INTE(), SUMM(), and DOTP().  The () is a flag to
DATAPLOT that the previous character sub-string is not to be printed
literally but rather should be converted and drawn as a special symbol.
 
The mathematics symbols are--
 
   partial derivative       PART()
   integral                 INTE()
   circular integral        CINT()
   summation                SUMM()
   product                  PROD()
   infinity                 INFI()
   + or -                   +-()
   - or +                   -+()
   times                    TIME()
   dot product              DOTP()
   vector product           DEL()
   division                 DIVI()
   less than                LT()
   greater than             GT()
   less than or equal to    LTEQ()
   greater than or equal to GTEQ()
   not equal                NOT=()
   approximately equal to   APPR()
   equivalence              EQUI()
   varies                   VARI()
   tilda                    TILD()
   carat                    CARA()
   prime                    PRIM()
   radical                  RADI()
   large radical            LRAD()
   larger radical           BRAD()
   subset                   SUBS()
   superset                 SUPE()
   un-subset                UNSB()
   un-superset              UNSP()
   union                    UNIO()
   intersection             INTR()
   is an element of         ELEM()
   there exists             THEX()
   therefore                THFO()
 
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and draw out summation,
          integration, and infinity symbols in simplex font--
             FONT SIMPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT SUMM()INTE()INFI()
Example --Go to the middle of screen, and write out
             A union B
          (a set theory notation) in upper case triplex font--
             CASE UPPER
             FONT TRIPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT AUNIO()B
 
Enter   --HELP CAPITALIZATION to list case (lower/upper) information.
          HELP SUBSCIPTS to list sub/super-script information.
          HELP GREEK SYMBOLS to list Greek characters.
          HELP MISC SYMBOLS to list miscellaneous symbols.
 


Misc Symbols


Miscellaneous Symbols
 
Miscellaneous symbols can be generated within any TEXT, TITLE, LABEL,
or LEGEND command whenever the Hershey fonts (simplex, duplex, triplex,
triplex italic, complex, simplex script, and complex script) have been
specified (see the FONT command).
 
To indicate that a special symbol should appear in some text string,
simply enter the abbreviated (never more than 4 characters) name from
the list below and append an open and closed parenthesis after the
name, as in LAPO(), LBRA(), and RBRA().  The () is a flag to DATAPLOT
that the previous character sub-string is not to be printed literally
but rather should be converted and drawn as a special symbol.
 
The miscellaneous symbols are--
 
   left apostrophe          LAPO()
   right apostrophe         RAPO()
   left bracket             LBRA()
   right bracket            RBRA()
   left curly bracket       LCBR()
   right curly bracket      RCBR()
   left elbow               LELB()
   right elbow              RELB()
   right accent             RACC()
   left accent              LACC()
   breve                    BREV()
   right quote              RQUO()
   left quote               LQUO()
   nasp                     NASP()
   inverted nasp            IASP()
   right arrow              RARR()
   left arrow               LARR()
   up arrow                 UARR()
   down arrow               DARR()
   paragraph                PARA()
   dagger                   DAGG()
   double dagger            DDAG()
   vertical bar             VBAR()
   double vertical bar      DVBA()
   long vertical bar        LVBA()
   horizontal bar           HBAR()
   long horizontal bar      LHBA()
   bar                      BAR()
   degree                   DEGR()
 
EXAMPLE --Go to the middle of screen, and draw out ABC surrounded by
          curly brackets with ABC in upper case simplex font--
             CASE UPPER
             FONT SIMPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT LCBR()ABCRCBR()
EXAMPLE --Go to the middle of screen, and write out x surrounded by 2
          vertical bars (a mathematics notation for the absolute value
          of x) where X is in lower case triplex font--
             CASE LOWER
             FONT TRIPLEX
             MOVE 50 50
             TEXT VBAR()XVBAR()
 
Enter   --HELP CAPITALIZATION to list case (lower/upper) information.
          HELP SUBSCIPTS to list sub/super-script information.
          HELP GREEK SYMBOLS to list Greek characters.
          HELP MATH SYMBOLS to list mathematics symbols.
 


Character Types


Character Types
 
The available character types are from 5 categories--
 
   1) common plotting characters;
   2) any ascii keyboard character;
   3) Greek symbols;
   4) mathematics symbols;
   5) miscellaneous symbols.
 
The case (upper versus lower) and font (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.)
of the plot character follows the current setting of the CASE and FONT
commands.  The Greek, math, and miscellaneous symbols are available
only when one of the Hershey fonts have been specified via the FONT or
CHARACTER FONT commands.
 
The common plot characters include--
 
   blank                BLANK or NONE or BL or NO
   circle               CIRCLE or O or CI
   square               SQUARE or BOX or SQ
   diamond              DIAMOND or DI
   triangle             TRIANGLE or TR
   reverse triangle     REVTRI or TRIREV or RT
   star                 STAR or ST
   arrow up             ARROWU or AU
   arrow down           ARROWD or AD
   vertical bar         VERTICAL BAR or VB
   pyramid              PYRAMID
   cube                 CUBE
   arrow                ARROW or ARRH
   vector               VECTOR
 
The ascii keyboard characters include
 
   0 to 9               0 to 9
   A to Z               A to Z
   period               .  or PERIOD or POINT or DOT
   bar                  -  or BAR or BARS or HYPHEN
   plus                 +  or PLUS or CROSS
   asterisk             *  or ASTERISK
   left bracket         [
   right bracket        ]
   left brace           {
   right brace          }
   exclamation point    !  or EXCLAMATION
   double quote         "  or QUOTE2
   number               #  or NUMBER
   dollar               $  or DOLLAR
   percent              %  or PERCENT
   ampersand            &  or AMPERSAND
   single quote         '  or QUOTE1
   left parenthesis     (  or LEFTPA
   right parenthesis    )  or RIGHTP
   colon                :  or COLON
   semi-colon           ;  or SEMICO
   comma                ,  or COMMA
   question mark        ?  or QUESTION
   apostrophe           '  or APOSTROPHE
   underscore           -  or UNDERSCORE
   at sign              @  or AT
   slash                /  or SLASH or DIAGONAL
   reverse slash         `  or REVSLASH
   equal sign           =  or EQUAL
   greater than sign    >  or GREATER
   less than sign       <  or LESS
   vertical bar         \  or VBAR
   tilda                ~  or TILDA
   carat                ^  or CARAT
 
The available Greek symbols are listed by entering HELP GREEK SYMBOLS.
 
The available mathematics symbols are listed by entering HELP MATH
SYMBOLS.
 
The available miscellaneous symbols are listed by entering HELP MISC
SYMBOLS.
 
When special math, greek, or miscellaneous symbols are used, the
trailing () is left off.
 


Line Types


Line Types
 
The available line types are--
 
   no line         BLANK or NONE or BL or NO
   solid           SOLID or SO
   dotted          DOT or DOTTED or DO
   dashed          DASH or DASHED or DA
   dashed type 1   DASH1 or DA1
   dashed type 2   DASH2 or DA2
   dashed type 3   DASH3 or DA3
   dashed type 4   DASH4 or DA4
 
The short designations (e.g., BL for BLANK, SO for SOLID, DA3 for
DASH3) allow for the specification of a large number of line types on a
single command line, as in
 
   LINES SO SO SO SO SO DO DO DO DO DO DA DA DA DA DA
 
DATAPLOT does all dash patterns in hardware, so dashed lines may have a
somewhat different appearance on different devices.
 


Color Types


Color Types
 
The graphics devices that DATAPLOT supports vary widely in the degree
to which they support color.  However, for the sake of device
independence, all devices will recognize the same set of color names
and color indices.  If a given device does not support a requested
color, DATAPLOT maps it to the closest available supported color
(closest is somewhat arbitrary, although we tried to be reasonably
consistent).
 
DATAPLOT borrowed its color scheme from Release 3 of X11 with a few
additions from Release 4.  It also uses the RGB values from Release 4
for those devices that support direct RGB specification (currently
Postscript and CGM).  Although these values should be reasonably
robust, different devices will generate different colors from them.
 
The following is the list of colors that DATAPLOT recognizes.  Only the
first 4 characters of the color name are significant and colors can
also be specified by an index.
 
 
                                    DATAPLOT
        COLOR             INDEX     NAME
        =====             =====     ========
        WHITE               0       WHIT
        BLACK               1       BLAC
        RED                 2       RED
        BLUE                3       BLUE
        GREEN               4       GREE
        MAGENTA             5       MAGE
        ORANGE              6       ORAN
        CYAN                7       CYAN
        YELLOW              8       YELL
        YELLOW GREEN        9       YGRE
        DARK GREEN         10       DGRE
        LIGHT BLUE         11       LBLU
        BLUE VIOLET        12       VBLU
        VIOLET RED         13       VRED
        DARK SLATE GRAY    14       DGRA,DGRY
        LIGHT GRAY         15       LGRA,LGRY
        AQUAMARINE         16       AQUA
        BROWN              17       BROW
        CADET BLUE         18       CABL
        CORAL              19       CORA
        CORNFLOWER BLUE    20       CBLU
        DARK OLIVE GREEN   21       DOGR
        DARK ORCHID        22       DORC
        DARK SLATE BLUE    23       DSBL
        DARK TURQUOISE     24       DTUR
        FIREBRICK          25       FIRE
        FOREST GREEN       26       FGRE
        GOLD               27       GOLD
        GOLDENROD          28       GLDR
        GRAY               29       GRAY, GREY
        INDIAN RED         30       IRED
        KHAKI              31       KHAK
        DIM GRAY           32       DMGR
        LIGHT STEEL BLUE   33       LSBL
        LIME GREEN         34       LGRE
        MAROON             35       MARO
        MEDIUM AQUAMARINE  36       MAQU
        MEDIUM BLUE        37       MBLU
        MEDIUM FOREST GREEN38       MFGR
        LIGHT GOLDENROD YEL39       MGLD
        MEDIUM ORCHID      40       MORC
        MEDIUM SEA GREEN   41       MSGR
        MEDIUM SLATE BLUE  42       MSBL
        MEDIUM SPRING GREEN43       MSPG
        MEDIUM TURQUOISE   44       MTUR
        MEDIUM VIOLET RED  45       MVRD
        MIDNIGHT BLUE      46       MDBL
        NAVY BLUE          47       NAVY
        ORANGE RED         48       ORED
        ORCHID             49       ORCH
        PALE GREEN         50       PGRE
        PINK               51       PINK
        PLUM               52       PLUM
        PURPLE             53       PURP
        SALMON             54       SALM
        SEA GREEN          55       SGRE
        SIENNA             56       SIEN
        SKY BLUE           57       SKBL, SKYB
        SLATE BLUE         58       SBLU
        SPRING GREEN       59       SPGR
        STEEL BLUE         60       STBL
        TAN                61       TAN
        THISTLE            62       THIS
        TURQUOISE          63       TURQ
        VIOLET             64       VIOL
        WHEAT              65       WHEA
        GREEN YELLOW       66       GYEL
        LIGHT CYAN         67       LCYA
        BLUE2              68       BLU2
        BLUE3              69       BLU3
        BLUE4              70       BLU4
        CYAN2              71       CYA2
        CYAN3              72       CYA3
        CYAN4              73       CYA4
        GREEN2             74       GRE2
        GREEN3             75       GRE3
        GREEN4             76       GRE4
        YELLOW2            77       YEL2
        YELLOW3            78       YEL3
        YELLOW4            79       YEL4
        ORANGE2            80       ORA2
        ORANGE3            81       ORA3
        ORANGE4            82       ORA4
        RED2               83       RED2, LRED
        RED3               84       RED3
        RED4               85       RED4
        MAGENTA2           86       MAG2, LMAG
        MAGENTA3           87       MAG3
        MAGENTA4           88       MAG4
 
 
In addition, gray scale can be specified with the following scheme:
 
        G0     = BLACK
        G1-G99 = GRAY SCALE FROM BLACK TO WHITE
        G100   = WHITE
 
Gray scale values can also be specified with negative indices (that is,
-1 through -100).
 
Currently, Postscript and X11 support gray scale.  Other devices will
map gray scale to either black or white.
 
Penplotters no longer automatically map an index to the corresponding
slot.  DATAPLOT assumes the following slot to color mapping:
 
        4 PENS            8 PENS:
        ======            =======
        BLACK             BLACK
        RED               RED
        BLUE              BLUE
        GREEN             GREEN
                          MAGENTA
                          ORANGE
                          CYAN
                          YELLOW
 
You can use the [HPGL/CALCOMP/ZETA] PEN MAP command to specify a
different slot to color mapping for HP-GL, Calcomp, and Zeta plotters
respectively.
 
The following command shows the available colors.
 
         SHOW COLORS
 
The following commands show the colors available on the various color
devices that DATAPLOT supports.  That is, they show the color you
actually get with the requested DATAPLOT color for that device.
 
         SHOW COLORS TEKT 4115
         SHOW COLORS TEKT 4662
         SHOW COLORS TEKT 4027
         SHOW COLORS HP 2622
         SHOW COLORS CALCOMP
         SHOW COLORS ZETA
         SHOW COLORS CGM
         SHOW COLORS GENERAL
         SHOW COLORS SUN
         SHOW COLORS REGIS
         SHOW COLORS POSTSCRIPT
         SHOW COLORS X11
         SHOW COLORS PC
 
For some color display terminals (e.g., Tektronix 4105/7/9/15), the
color can be altered locally after the plot has been generated on the
screen.  This gives the analyst a "second chance" if the original
color choices do not mix well.
 
Finally, be wary of the idiosyncracies of color hardcopy devices.  They
rarely capture the same color hues as on the screen (e.g., the
Tektronix 4662 ink jet plotter maps a brilliant blue on the 4105/7/9/15
screen into a drab purple on the hardcopy).  Also note that it is
common for color hardcopies to map screen white into hardcopy black
and vice versa.
 


[ overview / new / dictionary / commands ]

[ home / graphics / systems / DATAPLOT ]

Last checked or updated: Mar. 25, 1996

S. Baum
Dept. of Oceanography
Texas A&M University

baum@astra.tamu.edu